The Struggle for Liberty

The Struggle for Liberty

By Tara Fisher

Supporting the War Effort

• Continential Army

  • Under the age of ​16yrs with little to no money or property

  • Army offered low pay and harsh conditions

  • States were required to supply soldiers

• African Americans

  • Redcoats: offered freedom to slaves who fought for them

  • Washington: allowed free African Americans to fight​

• Women​

  • Ran farms and businesses or raised money for the war, served as nurses, messengers or spies

  • Molly Pitcher: brought water to soldiers and took her husbands place when he was wounded​

Multiple Choice

Who made up the Continental Army

• Military generals with years of experience

• Wealthy landowners

• Trained militia

• Young men with little to no money

Multiple Choice

True or False: African Americans fought on both sides of the war

• True

• False

Open Ended

Who was Molly Pitcher?

General Montgomery and General Benedict Arnold's troops joined forces to attempt to take Quebec. This loss for the Patriots, having the hopes of taking over Canada crushed.

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Canada

Multiple Choice

Who won the battle for Canada?

• British

• Colonies

Washington's army had to retreat across the Hudson due to general Howe's better equipt army. Howe saw this as revenge for his defeat at Boston.​

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New York

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Multiple Choice

Who won the battle in NY

• British

• Colonies

Open Ended

Why did general Howe's troops easily defeat Washington's?

New Jersey

• Patriots needed a victory= low moral

• On Christmas night, Washington's troops went on the offensive and attacked the Hessians at Trenton, NJ

• Battle at Trenton

  • Hessians were asleep having celebrated the holiday the night before​=vistory for patriots

  • Cornwallis rushed to stop Washington​ at Princeton

• Princeton: tricked Cornwallis' troops​, another victory

Subject | Subject

Multiple Choice

The battle that took place on Christmas night?

• Trenton

• Princeton

Open Ended

Why did the patriots need to go on the offensive and attack

Saratoga

• ​Turning point of the war

• Due to miscommunication amon​gst the British, and well planned traps by the patriots, General Horatio Gates surrounded Burgoyne's troops gaining another, important victory for the patriots.

  • Gereneral Howe took Philidelphia instead of aiding Burgoyne

  • Burgoyne took Ticonderoga, but lost the battle​

• First time British army surrended to Patriots​

Open Ended

Why is this considered the turning point of the war?

Help from Europe

• Due to the French and Indian war, ​Spain and France were happy to help the colonies.

  • Battle of Saratoga persuaded them to help​

• Marquis de La​fayette

  • became one of Washington's most trusted generals​​

  • used his own money to help the cause

Open Ended

Who joied the war on the side of the patriots?

Winter at Valley Forge

• France and Spain joined the war at a crucial time, the continential army was running low on supplies

  • The winter was harsh and damaging to the patriots

  • During the terringle winter approximately 2,000 died

• Loyalists, on the other hand, enjoyed their time in Philidelphia​ going to plays and hosting parties

Multiple Choice

The winter was cruel to whom?

• Patriots

• Red Coats

John Paul Jones

• Naval hero

• Captured British supply ships

• The French gave him a fleet of 7 vessels

• Captured the British vessel Serapis

  • "I have not yet begun to fight"​​

• Continential Navy was small but effective​

Multiple Choice

Who was John Paul Jones?

• War Hero

• Naval Hero

• Traitor

• Washingtons apprentice

War in the South

• Fighting in the south was particularly brutal

• Savannah Charleston, and Camden were easily taken by the British

• ​Guerrilla Warefare: swift hit and run attacks

  • Francis Marion​

    • Used to disrupt British supply lines and communication​

Open Ended

What is Guerrilla Warefare?

Yorktown

• 1781 war was not going as expected for patriots=​ low on money and supplies

  • British held the south, Philidelphia and New York City​

• Thought the aid from foreign allies would end the war sooner​

• Morale took another blow when Benedict Arnold turned traitor

• Nathaniel Greene​= reorganized army

• Cornwallis moved troops from the Carolinas to Yorktown, Virginia

  • Washing saw the opportunity to trap him

  • Lafayette blocked land route

  • Washington and Rochambeau (French) combine troops and marched to Virginia and surrounded Cornwallis​=fought for weeks

  • British surrendered October 19, 1781

• Yorktown: last major battle of the American Revolution​

Open Ended

Name the last major battle of the revolution.

Multiple Choice

Who reorganized the patriot army?

• Washington

• Greene

• Marion

• Jones