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Proteins

Proteins

Assessment

Presentation

Biology

11th - 12th Grade

Medium

NGSS
HS-LS1-6

Standards-aligned

Created by

Cheryl Graves

Used 6+ times

FREE Resource

18 Slides • 18 Questions

1

Protein

  • Also called polypeptides

  • A protein consists of 1 or more polypeptides in specific conformations.

  • Monomer: amino acids

  • There 20 amino acids: all have the same basic structure but differ in the side chain (R group).

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Multiple Choice

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Every amino acid is built around a central

1

carbon

2

carboxyl

3

nitrogen

4

hydrogen

5

How many amino acids are grouped

  • All have the same basic structure but differ in their side chain (R group).

  • 4 groups amino acids are:

    • Non polar

    • Polar

    • Acidic

    • Basic

6

Multiple Choice

Question image
What is the monomer of a protein?
1
amino acid
2
monosaccharide
3
fatty acid
4
nucleic acid

7

Function of proteins

  • Growth and maintenance

  • biochemical reactions: enzymes, blood clotting, muscle contraction

  • Messengers: hormones

  • Structure: e.g. collagen

  • Maintain pH

  • Balance water

  • Immunity

8

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a function of proteins?

1

stored energy

2

create muscle

3

speed up reactions as enzymes

4

fights infection in the form of antibodies

9

Multiple Choice

This is one job proteins do NOT have in the body

1

insulation

2

structure for tissues and organs

3

speeds up chemical reactions

4

transport things through cell membrane

10

Multiple Choice

Which of the following are examples of protein?

1

cutin, waxes, fats, oils

2

Collagen, enzymes, hemoglobin, insulin, and antibodies

3

DNA& RNA

4

Glucose, sucrose, glycogen, and cellulose

11

Multiple Choice

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The diagram shows a bond forming between two amino acids. What is the name of this reaction?

1

Dehydration Synthesis

2

Hydrolysis

3

Pepysis

4

Oxidation

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14

Multiple Choice

What is a peptide bond?
1
Bond that holds two amino acids together.
2
A bond that holds hydrogen and oxygen molecules together.
3
A bond that holds the phosphate group of one nucleotide and a sugar of a neighboring nucleotide.
4
A bond that is formed by the sharing of electrons.

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Levels of protein structure

  • Each protein has a specific 3-D conformation.

  • 4 levels of protein structure are:

  • Primary (1o)

  • Secondary (2o)

  • Tertiary (3o)

  • Quaternary (4o)

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Primary structure

  • Unique sequence of amino acids joined by peptide bonds in a linear polypeptide chain

  • The 20 common amino acids can be arranged in different ways (determined by genetic information)

  • Eg: Glucagon consist of a sequence of 29 amino acids

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Multiple Choice

A bond between amino acids is called a(n) _____ bond.

1

acid

2

hydrogen

3

ionic

4

peptide

19

Multiple Choice

Question image
The name of the initial chain of monomers in a protein is called.....
1
polypeptide
2
polysaccharide
3
polyester
4
polynucleotide

20

Secondary structure

  • Once a linear chain of amino acids is formed, it spontaneously coils to form the alpha helix or folds to form the beta pleated sheet.

  • Because of hydrogen bonds between the repeating constituents of the polypeptide backbone (not the amino acid side chains).

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21

Multiple Choice

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Figure 1 Represents a common process that occurs in organisms.

Which of the following is an accurate description of this process shown in figure 1?

1

The linking of amino acids with an ionic bond as an initial step in the protein synthesis process

2

The formation of a more complex carbohydrate with the covalent bonding of 2 simple sugars

3

the hydrolysis of amino acids with the breaking of covalent bonds with the release of water

4

The formation of a covalent peptide bond in a dehydration synthesis reaction

22

Multiple Choice

which of the following best describes how amino acids affect the tertiary structure of a protein?

1

the number of amino acids determines the tertiary structure of the protein

2

the interactions of the different R-groups with other R-groups and with their environment determine the tertiary structure of the protein

3

the R-group of the last amino acid that is added to a growing polypeptide chain determines the next amino acid that is added to the chain

4

the sequence of the amino acids in the polypeptide chain determines the protein's primary structure but has no effect on it's tertiary structure

23

Secondary structure

  • Two forms:

    - alpha helix (coiled)

    - beta pleated sheet (folded)

  • alpha helix - Keratin found in hair, nails, horn

  • beta pleated sheet - Silk protein produced by many insects & spiders  

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24

Multiple Choice

Question image

Which of the following best describes the formation of the amino acids shown in figure 1?

1

An ionic bond is formed between a carbon atom of one amino acid and the nitrogen atom of the other amino acid

2

an ionic bond is formed when the negative charge of an OH group is balanced by the positive charge of a hydrogen ion

3

a covalent bond is formed between a carbon atom and a nitrogen atom along with the formation of water

4

a covalent bond is formed that replaces the hydrogen bond between the oH group and H atom

25

Tertiary structure

  • A polypeptide may be further coiled into a globular shape which is maintained by bonds & interactions among side chains.

  • The bonds and interactions that maintained the structure are:

    i. Disulfide bridges

    ii. Ionic bonds

    iii. Hydrogen bonds

    iv. Hydrophobic interactions

    v. Van der Waals interactions

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Multiple Choice

The tertiary structure folding in proteins is primary due to the interactions of....
1
the 'R' groups
2
the 'P' groups
3
the 'A' groups
4
the 'S'

27

Quaternary structure

  • Consists of 2 or more polypeptide chains joined to form a single functional molecule.

  • The bonds that formed between the polypeptide chains are :

    i) Disulfide bonds

    ii) Ionic bonds

    iii) Hydrogen bonds

    iv)  Hydrophobic

    v)  Van der Waals interactions

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Quaternary structure

  • Eg : haemoglobin and collagen

    a) Haemoglobin

     • Consists of 4 polypeptide chains

     • 2 α-chains

     • 2 β-chains

  • b) Collagen

     • Consists of 3 polypeptide chains that  forms triple- stranded helical coils.

     • Fibrous protein

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31

Multiple Choice

which of the following terms refers to the order in which amino acids are linked together in a protein.

1

Primary

2

Secondary

3

Tertiary

4

Quaternary

32

Multiple Choice

The chain of amino acids folds and coils on itself

1

Primary

2

Secondary

3

Tertiary

4

Quaternary

33

Multiple Choice

The entire polypeptide forms a three-dimensional structure

1

Primary

2

Secondary

3

Tertiary

4

Quaternary

34

Multiple Choice

The main bonding in the secondary structure of a protein is due to.....
1
covalent bonding
2
ionic bonding
3
hydrogen bonding
4
polar bonding

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Denaturing a
Protein

Proteins have their shape changed under harsh conditions

Conditions that can
denature enzymes:

High temperature
concentration
extreme pH

36

Multiple Choice

If a protein is "denatured", what does that mean?

1

The protein has broken down

2

The protein has been created

3

The protein has folded

4

The protein has been domesticated

Protein

  • Also called polypeptides

  • A protein consists of 1 or more polypeptides in specific conformations.

  • Monomer: amino acids

  • There 20 amino acids: all have the same basic structure but differ in the side chain (R group).

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