English Consonants (Lecture 2)

English Consonants

By KHO CHUNG WEI

In this lecture, you will:

• Explain how English consonants are articulated

• Describe and produce English consonants

  • voiced and voiceless consonants

  • fricatives and affricates

  • nasals, stops, glides​

• Transcribe consonants using IPA

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English Phonetics and Phonology

Symbols for Transcribing Consonants

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English Phonetics and Phonology

Draw

Transcribe the word "dye".

vowel: /aɪ/

English Phonetics and Phonology TSLB3043

Draw

Transcribe the word "window".

vowels: /ɪ/ and /əʊ/

English Phonetics and Phonology TSLB3043

Draw

Transcribe the word "wood".

vowel: /ʊ/

English Phonetics and Phonology TSLB3043

Draw

Transcribe the word "width".

vowel: /ɪ/

English Phonetics and Phonology TSLB3043

Multiple Choice

In the words "dye", "window", "wood" and "width", is the consonant /d/ articulated in the same way (in terms of energy / manner / place)?

• Yes

• No

Allophones

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English Phonetics and Phonology

• Variants of the same phoneme = allophones, e.g. the different allophones for the consonant /d/ because of the context in which it occurs

• Allophones are indicated by adding diacritics (small marks added to a symbol to modify its value), e.g. p^h

Secondary Articulation

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English Phonetics and Phonology

Happens when the production of speech sound involves certain types of modification

Types of Transcription

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English Phonetics and Phonology

​Narrow transcription

• Transcription that shows more phonetic detail that is available and relevant, either by using more specific symbols or by representing some allophonic differences

• [p^hɒp]​

• [tɹ̥ɪp]

• [ˈθɜːˈtiːn̪θ]

​Broad transcription

• Transcription that uses the simplest possible set of symbols

• /pɒp/​

• /trɪp/

• /ˈθɜːˈtiːnθ/

Types of Transcription

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English Phonetics and Phonology

​Systematic phonetic transcription

• Transcription that shows all the rule-governed allophones and every detailed of the sounds involved

​Impressionistic transcription

• A transcription that may not imply the existence of rules accounting for allophones and the symbols indicate only the phonetic value of the sounds

• E.g. when writing down an unknown language or when transcribing the speech of a child not seen previously

Fill in the Blanks

Write the narrow transcription for the word "wood".

vowel: /ʊ/

Fill in the Blanks

Write the narrow transcription for the word "width".

vowel: /ɪ/

Fill in the Blanks

Write the narrow transcription for the word "kind".

vowel: /aɪ/

Open Ended

Q&A / Reflection / Issue

Please ask at least ONE question.

OR Tell us your thoughts on what you have learned these two weeks.

OR State ONE issue/difficulty that you have faced during these two weeks' lectures.

Poll

How do you feel about this week's lecture?