EID 2.3 Inherited Traits

EID 2.3 Inherited Traits

By: Ms. Bailey*

​Lesson Objective:

​KWBAT recognize and explain how individuals that inherited in a population get their traits.

​TEKs:

​7.14(C): recognize that inherited traits of individuals are governed in the genetic material found in the genes within chromosomes in the nucleus 

​What You Will Learn Today:

​

• Traits include physical traits such as fur color or body shape, or behavioral traits 

• Inherited traits are determined by information stored in an organism’s genes.

• Genes are passed on from parent to offspring and those genes are instructions for making protein molecules which give individuals their traits.

• Genes are sequences of DNA that are part of the structure of the organism’s chromosomes.

• Chromosomes are located in the nucleus of cells of the organism.

​Lesson Vocabulary:

​1. Chromosome: made of DNA located in the nucleus; contains genetic information needed to carry out cellular functions and make new cells

2. DNA: located in the nucleus; determines the inheritance of a particular trait

3. Gene: segment of DNA found on a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait

4. Heredity: the passing of characteristics (traits) from parents to offspring

5. Trait: behavioral characteristics or physical attributes of an organism that are determined by genes and/or influenced by the environment

Multiple Choice

Chromosome:

• made of DNA located in the nucleus; contains genetic information needed to carry out cellular functions and make new cells

• contains genetic information needed to carry out cellular functions and make new cells

• made of DNA located in the nucleus;

Multiple Choice

DNA

• located in the nucleus; determines the inheritance of a particular trait

• determines the inheritance of a particular trait

• located in the nucleus; determines the inheritance of a particular cell

Multiple Choice

Gene:

• segment of DNA found on a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait

• segment of DNA found on a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular cell

• a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait

Multiple Choice

heredity:

• the passing of characteristics (traits) from parents to offspring

• the passing of characteristics (traits) from parents to siblings

• the passing of characteristics (traits) from sibling to sibling

Multiple Choice

Trait:

•  behavioral characteristics or physical attributes of an organism that are determined by genes and/or influenced by the environment

•  behavioral characteristics or physical attributes of an organism

• determined by genes and/or influenced by the environment

​Welcome back Biologists!  We’ve been zooming into the microscale to study the rough-skinned newts cells and their functions.  Today, we’re going to focus on one important organelle, the nucleus to determine how individual newts get their poisonous trait  so that in the next several lessons we can learn how the newts became more poisonous over time.

Open Ended

Which set of fruit flies is most likely the offspring’s parents?

​ANSWER IS.....

​PARENTS B. B BECAUSE THEY SHRE THE MOST TRAITS WITH THE OFFSPRING MORE THAN ANY OTHER PARENT GROUP.

Open Ended

What characteristics did you observe that lead you to that conclusion?

​Our inherited traits are determined by the genetic code contained within our cells. Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA for short, is the blueprint containing all the codes for making the proteins which determine inherited traits. DNA is found in chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell. Instructions for making specific proteins are determined by sections of the DNA called genes. Chromosomes can therefore contain hundreds of genes, with each gene determining a specific type of protein to be manufactured. The DNA code is replicated and copied each time a cell divides so that every cell contains the same DNA code as the original cell.

​1.Start a New page

2. Turn it the Landscape way

3. Title: Nucleus, Chromosomes, DNA and Gene​

4. 4. Grab four different colored pencils​

Multiple Choice

LEFT BOX

• DNA

• CHROMOSOME

• GENE

• NUCLEUS

Multiple Choice

TOP LEFT... POINTING TO THE X

• DNA

• CHROMOSOMES

• GENE

• NUCLEUS

Multiple Choice

TOP RIGHT BOX

• GENE

• DNA

• CHROMOSOME

• NUCLEUS

Multiple Choice

FAR RIGHT BOX

• DNA

• GENE

• CHROMOSOME

• NUCLEUS

Open Ended

In which organelle of a cell is the genetic material contained?

SS: Genetic material can be found in the...

​Answer is.....

​

genetic material is found in the nucleus.​

Open Ended

What is the name of the genetic material which contains the code, or information for the growth and functioning of an organism?

SS: The name of the genetic material that contains the code for growth and functions is the ...

​Answer is>>>>

​

 Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA for short, is the blueprint containing all the codes for making the proteins which determine inherited traits.

​

​

​

Multiple Choice

The instructions for making a specific protein are found in a _____, which is a distinct portion of a cell’s DNA.

• chromosomes

• dna

• gene

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

The instructions for making a specific protein are found in a _____, which is a distinct portion of a cell’s DNA.

• chromosomes

• dna

• gene

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

Genes are bundled together in_____, found in the cell nucleus.

• chromosomes

• dna

• double helices

• codes

​APPLY IT!

​Let's apply our learning thus far.

Find someone who is NOT next to you. This person should be someone you WORK WELL with.... ​

Multiple Choice

Genes are bundled together in_____, found in the cell nucleus.

• chromosomes

• dna

• double helices

• codes

Multiple Choice

LEFT BOX

• DNA

• CHROMOSOME

• GENE

• NUCLEUS

Multiple Choice

heredity:

• the passing of characteristics (traits) from parents to offspring

• the passing of characteristics (traits) from parents to siblings

• the passing of characteristics (traits) from sibling to sibling

Multiple Choice

TOP RIGHT BOX

• GENE

• DNA

• CHROMOSOME

• NUCLEUS

Multiple Choice

Each cell in the human body uses a code which contains information for the human's development and function. The code is stored in the hereditary material in the cell. What is this code called?

• nucleus

• chromosomes

• rna

• dna

Multiple Choice

Gene:

• segment of DNA found on a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait

• segment of DNA found on a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular cell

• a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait

Multiple Choice

FAR RIGHT BOX

• DNA

• GENE

• CHROMOSOME

• NUCLEUS

Multiple Choice

Chromosome:

• made of DNA located in the nucleus; contains genetic information needed to carry out cellular functions and make new cells

• contains genetic information needed to carry out cellular functions and make new cells

• made of DNA located in the nucleus;

Multiple Choice

Eduardo is a research assistant at a genetics laboratory. He is leading a tour of the laboratory for a group of eighth-grade science students. He explains the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes. Which of the following relationships is correctly stated?

• A gene is made up of tightly wound chromosomes which contain DNA.

• DNA contains hundreds of chromosomes, which are distinct portions in genes.

• Each gene in a chromosome is a distinct portion of DNA which determines a genetic trait.

• A chromosome interprets the DNA code to manufacture a gene to control a genetic trait.

Multiple Choice

DNA

• located in the nucleus; determines the inheritance of a particular trait

• determines the inheritance of a particular trait

• located in the nucleus; determines the inheritance of a particular cell

Multiple Choice

A student learns that both her grandfather and her mother have Type I diabetes.. The tendency to develop this disease can be passed down from a parent to a child. She researches information about hereditary diabetes and finds the diagram shown. What can the student correctly conclude from this diagram?

• The gene associated with the tendency to develop diabetes can be found in Chromosome 7.

• A person is more likely to develop diabetes than Williams-Beuren Syndrome cystic fibrosis, Pendred Syndrome, or obesity.

• Chromosome 7 contains more than one DNA for diseases.

• Chromosome 7 is contained in the gene for diabetes, Williams-Beuren Syndrome, cystic fibrosis, Pendred Syndrome, and obesity.

Multiple Choice

Trait:

•  behavioral characteristics or physical attributes of an organism that are determined by genes and/or influenced by the environment

•  behavioral characteristics or physical attributes of an organism

• determined by genes and/or influenced by the environment

Multiple Choice

TOP LEFT... POINTING TO THE X

• DNA

• CHROMOSOMES

• GENE

• NUCLEUS

Multiple Choice

The nucleus is often referred to as the control center of the cell. Which of the following most accurately explains the reference?

• Nuclei are found only in cells in an organism's brain, which controls all functions of the organism.

• The nucleus contains the genetic material which controls the inherited traits of an organism.

• The nucleus is the largest organelle found in animal and plant cells.

• Proteins, which are the building blocks of cells, are manufactured in the nucleus.

​PROPER POSITIONS PLEASE!!

​TIME FOR OUR EXIT TICKET..... ANY QUESTIONS?

Multiple Choice

The diagram below represents a simple animal cell.  To the right of the cell, two cell structures have been enlarged and labeled A and B.  A portion of structure B has been enlarged and labeled C. A description of each cell structure is provided in the chart below.  Double click on the Google Drawing to complete the chart by identifying each cell structure.

• A= CHROMOSOME

  B=GENE

  C=DNA

• A= DNA

  B=GENE

  C=CHROMOSOME

• A=GENE

  B=CHROMOSOME

  C=DNA

Multiple Choice

LEFT BOX

• DNA

• CHROMOSOME

• GENE

• NUCLEUS

Multiple Choice

Gene:

• segment of DNA found on a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait

• segment of DNA found on a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular cell

• a chromosome that determines the inheritance of a particular trait

Multiple Choice

TOP RIGHT BOX

• GENE

• DNA

• CHROMOSOME

• NUCLEUS

Multiple Choice

Genes are bundled together in_____, found in the cell nucleus.

• chromosomes

• dna

• double helices

• codes

Multiple Choice

Where do the genes that determine an individual's traits come from?

• An individual can be born with any genes, since genes are random.

• Individuals grow genes specific to their environment.

• Parents pass their genes down to their offspring.

• Parents choose which genes their offspring have when each individual is born.

Multiple Choice

TOP LEFT... POINTING TO THE X

• DNA

• CHROMOSOMES

• GENE

• NUCLEUS

Multiple Choice

DNA

• located in the nucleus; determines the inheritance of a particular trait

• determines the inheritance of a particular trait

• located in the nucleus; determines the inheritance of a particular cell

Multiple Choice

FAR RIGHT BOX

• DNA

• GENE

• CHROMOSOME

• NUCLEUS

Multiple Choice

heredity:

• the passing of characteristics (traits) from parents to offspring

• the passing of characteristics (traits) from parents to siblings

• the passing of characteristics (traits) from sibling to sibling

Multiple Choice

Using the concept of heredity to explain where the rough-skinned newt gets its poisonous trait from.

• The poisonous trait of the rough-skinned newt is an inherited trait that is passed from parent to offspring through genes that provide instructions for making proteins that determine a particular trait.

• The poisonous trait of the rough-skinned newt is an uninherited trait that is passed from parent to offspring through the nucleus that provide instructions for making proteins that determine a particular trait.

• The poisonous trait of the rough-skinned newt is an uninherited trait that is passed from parent to siblings through genes that provide instructions for making proteins that determine a particular trait.

• The poisonous trait of the rough-skinned newt is an inherited trait that is passed from parent to offspring through genes that provide instructions for making proteins that determine a particular chromosome.

Multiple Choice

Chromosome:

• made of DNA located in the nucleus; contains genetic information needed to carry out cellular functions and make new cells

• contains genetic information needed to carry out cellular functions and make new cells

• made of DNA located in the nucleus;

Multiple Choice

Trait:

•  behavioral characteristics or physical attributes of an organism that are determined by genes and/or influenced by the environment

•  behavioral characteristics or physical attributes of an organism

• determined by genes and/or influenced by the environment