Chapter 3: Cognitive Aspects (Frameworks)

Chapter 3: Cognitive Aspects (Frameworks)

By Nurul Mohamed

Lecturer of Computer Science​

There are 2 cognitive framework:

1. ​Human Information Processing

2. Distributed Cognition​

By Nurul Mohamed

Cognition refers to process "how we gain knowledge"

Some text here about the topic of discussion

This include understanding, remembering, reasoning, attending, being aware, acquiring skills and creating new ideas..

..are the basis of much understanding in HCI

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...evaluate how human process the information​

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...to characterize humans as information processors; everything that is sensed (sight, hearing, touch, smell, and taste) was considered to be information which the mind processes​

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1. ​Human Information Processing

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There are FOUR stages of human information processing; encoding, comparison, response selection and response execution.

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Stage 1 encodes information from the environment into some form of internal representation, as a filter to choose important things​. Also known as sensory memory.

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Stage 2 the internal representation of the stimulus is compared with memorized representations that are stored in the brain

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Stage 3 is concerned with deciding on a response to the encoded stimulus

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Stage 4 When an appropriate match is made the process passes on to stage 4, which deals with the organization of the response and the necessary action

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Please see the video here:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aURqy9BEJO4​

Open Ended

Based on the video you have watch (URL - slide before), please share the important points highlight.

2. Distributed Cognition

​- Goal of Distributed Cognition

The goal of this theoretical framework is to provide an explanation that goes beyond the individual, to conceptualizing cognitive activities as embodied and situated within the work context in which they occur.

Also, to analyze how the different components of the functional system are coordinated.​

​Compare both model.. what the differences..?

​- (Hutchins, 1995)​

....distributed cognition approach studies the nature of cognitive phenomena across individuals, artifacts, and internal and external representations

Multiple Choice

1. How many stages of Human Information Processing model?

• 3

• 4

• 5

• 6

Multiple Choice

2. Information is thought to enter and exit the mind through a series of ordered processing stages.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

3. How does encoding fit into the stages of information processing?

• a. Encoding happens after attending and involves listening and paying attention.

• b. Encoding happens after retrieving, allowing the person to put all the information together into coherent thoughts.

• c. Encoding happens after storing and involves listening and paying attention.

• d. Encoding begins when the information starts to be stored in one's memory for later.

Multiple Choice

4. The process of placing encoded information into permanent mental state is called...

• a. short-term memory

• b. sensory memory

• c. storage

• d. memory

Multiple Choice

5. Which of the following has limited storage capacity?

• a. Long Term Memory

• b. Short Term Memory

• c. Sensory Memory