Present perfect continuous UNit 6 4eso

Present perfect continuous Unit 6 4eso

By Ciprian P

-Used to talk about actions related to the present.

​1- Actions stopped recently> You look tired. What have you been doing?

2-​Activities that started in the past and continue in the present> He has been studying a lot recently.

3-How long? For/since>

How long have you been training?

For 5 months.​

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​Usage.​

Present perfect simple vs continuous

Common state verbs​: agree, believe, belong, depend, love, hate, feel, need, promise, remember, understand, want.

​Present perfect continuous

​-I've been reading that book> I'm still reading it.

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-How long, for and since​ > activities that started in the past and still continue

How long have you been studying at university?​

Present perfect​​​

-The action is completed>​ I've read that book.

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-How long​, for and since> states that are still true (stative* verbs).

How long have you been at university?​

Gerunds (-ing) and infinitives (to + verb).

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Gerunds

​Gerunds can often be used as nouns. It has 4 main uses:

1-​ As the subject of a sentence > Making mistakes is okay. Swimming is amazing.

2-​After prepositions> I'm interested in watching that movie> You have to revise before taking the exam.

3-​ After some specific verbs: enjoy, hate, like, love, admit, miss, recommend.

4-​ Set expressions: -worth doing/ don't mind trying / keep going / end up failing.

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Infinitives (to+verb)

1- After certain verbs: ​want, prefer, hope, plan, need, decide, promise.

2-After adjectives: ​I'm happy to see you. It's really easy to do.

3-Some verbs can take both infinite and gerund with NO difference in meaning: Love, hate, start​, continue, begin.

​I started playing videogames / I started to play videogames.

4- Sometimes there is a change in meaning:

-I stopped eating ice cream.

-I stopped to eat an ice cream.​

Subject | Subject

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