NonFiction Lesson/Review 2022

NonFiction Lesson/Review 2022

By Jocelyn Bagamano

Lesson Objective:

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-I will recognize the ​characteristics and structures of informational text.

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-I will ​explain the author's purpose and message within the text.

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Poll

Nonfiction is any text that is based in fact. Biographies, textbooks and cookbooks are all nonfiction. Informational text is a type of nonfiction. Informational text teaches a reader about the natural world or society. It informs, or gives knowledge, about a certain topic. It often contains text features like a table of contents, an index and diagrams. Articles, some essays and textbooks can be considered informational text.

• tell a made-up story about the ocean.

• contain funny, made-up characters.

• contain facts about oceans.

• not contain any facts.

Informational texts may not be the easiest thing to read especially if you're not interested in that particular topic. ​So authors developed ways to organize information in text. Recognizing the underlying structure of texts can help students:

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*focus attention on key concepts and relationships

*anticipate what is to come

*monitor their comprehension as they read.​

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Let's watch a video to learn the 5 types of text structures.​

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Multiple Choice

Many students in the US say that they've been bullied at school. Natalie Hampton is a high school student who was bullied a lot in middle school. She often had no one to sit with at lunch. So she created a phone app called "Sit With Us." This app lets students sign up and post when there are free seats at their lunch tables. These students have promised to be kind to those who come sit with them. Hampton hopes her app will help students find people to sit with without fear of being bullied.

• description

• problem and solution

• compare and contrast

• sequence

Multiple Choice

A river is a large natural stream of flowing water. The source of a river is the place where the river starts. This is usually the highest point in the river. Many rivers begin in springs, places where underground water flows to the Earth’s surface. Some rivers begin in melting glaciers high up in the mountains or in lakes.

• sequence

• description

• cause and effect

• problem and solution

Multiple Choice

Robots that look like humans are called androids. But not all robots are androids. The industrial robots used in manufacturing and production look like machines and not at all like human beings. So what does an android have in common with an industrial robot? They both have computers. And they both have sensors to gather information and ways to interact with their environments, too.

• sequence

• cause and effect

• problem and solution

• compare and contrast

Multiple Choice

A current is a steady flow of water in the ocean. In the Pacific Ocean, garbage from the shore and ships gets trapped by ocean currents. The currents move the trash into a large area in the middle of the ocean. This has created a swirling mass of plastics and seawater called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch.

• cause and effect

• compare and contrast

• problem and solution

• description

Multiple Choice

The Greenland shark can grow to be around 16 feet long. It’s an apex predator, an animal that is at the top of the food chain. No other creatures prey on apex predators. The Greenland shark can live to be about 400 years old, making it the the longest-living vertebrate animal.

• sequence

• compare and contrast

• description

• cause and effect

Multiple Choice

Which of the following passages has a sequence text structure?

• The Veterans Day National Ceremony is held every year at Arlington Cemetery. The ceremony always starts at 11 o’clock. A wreath is laid on a special monument that honors soldiers. The Veterans Day Ceremony also includes a parade and speeches by important figures.

• The fighting in World War I stopped on November 11, 1918. A year later, President Woodrow Wilson declared November 11th Armistice Day. He said that every year, Americans would honor and thank the veterans who fought. Armistice Day became a federal holiday in 1938.

• Armistice Day became the holiday Veterans Day. Both holidays celebrated veterans. But while Armistice Day was only for veterans of World War I, Veterans Day is for all veterans of any war.

• Across the country, people celebrate Veterans Day in different ways. Some schools and business close for the day or have a moment of silence at 11 o’clock. Groups may also organize parades.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following passages has a compare and contrast text structure?

• Scientists at NASA, the United States space program, think that there is liquid water on Mars. Pictures of the surface of Mars showed wet-looking spots. Researchers used these pictures to figure out that liquid water exists there.

• The ExoMars 2016 mission blasted off on March 14, 2016. The spacecraft is owned by Russian and European space programs. It left from the country of Kazakhstan. The ExoMars spacecraft has special tools to help scientists learn more about Mars.

• Mars is a red-orange planet in our solar system. There are eight planets in the solar system that orbit, or travel around, the Sun. Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun.

• Mars is farther away from the Sun than the Earth is. It’s much colder. Mars is 142 million miles from the Sun, while Earth is 93 million miles away. Even though Mars is smaller and colder than Earth, the two planets are similar. Both have seasons, like winter and summer.

​What do you think is the purpose of this photograph?

​Searching for Water

​3 Regardless of the cholla’s size, desert animals have learned to rely on it for survival. Chollas have many stems that are similar to tree branches. Precipitation is scarce in the desert, but cholla stems store rainwater that is absorbed through the plant’s root system. Some desert animals depend on the water stored in cholla stems.​

4 The desert bighorn sheep, for example, has learned to get water from the cholla cactus. Like many other desert animals, the bighorn rests when the temperatures rise and then goes in search of a cholla when the temperatures cool. The animal uses its large curled horns and its hooves to tear off pieces of a cholla and remove the spines. The bighorn gets water by eating the moist insides of the cholla.

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​How is this section organized?

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Explain.

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Provide your evidence.​

Poll

How is this section organized?

• compare and contrast

• sequence

• describe

• problem and solution

​Searching for Water

​3 Regardless of the cholla’s size, desert animals have learned to rely on it for survival. Chollas have many stems that are similar to tree branches. Precipitation is scarce in the desert, but cholla stems store rainwater that is absorbed through the plant’s root system. Some desert animals depend on the water stored in cholla stems.​

4 The desert bighorn sheep, for example, has learned to get water from the cholla cactus. Like many other desert animals, the bighorn rests when the temperatures rise and then goes in search of a cholla when the temperatures cool. The animal uses its large curled horns and its hooves to tear off pieces of a cholla and remove the spines. The bighorn gets water by eating the moist insides of the cholla.

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​This is the problem.

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-there's not a lot of rain that falls in the dessert​

​Searching for Water

​3 Regardless of the cholla’s size, desert animals have learned to rely on it for survival. Chollas have many stems that are similar to tree branches. Precipitation is scarce in the desert, but cholla stems store rainwater that is absorbed through the plant’s root system. Some desert animals depend on the water stored in cholla stems.​

4 The desert bighorn sheep, for example, has learned to get water from the cholla cactus. Like many other desert animals, the bighorn rests when the temperatures rise and then goes in search of a cholla when the temperatures cool. The animal uses its large curled horns and its hooves to tear off pieces of a cholla and remove the spines. The bighorn gets water by eating the moist insides of the cholla.

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​This is the solution:

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-animals use the cholla by eating the moist insides therefore ​getting the water stored in it

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​How is this section organized by the author?

Poll

How is this section organized?

• sequence

• problem and solution

• description

• cause and effect

​The author mentioned that the cholla cactus provides nutritious food for people.

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In this section in paragraph 6, it describes how the O'odham tribe prepares the cactus for eating or consumption.

​Think about how this section is organized.

Multiple Choice

Based on this paragraph, what could be a possible theme for this passage?

• Cholla cactus lives in the dessert.

• The cholla cactus may look scary, but it provides animals home and food.

• The dessert is not a place for animals and plants.

• The cactus wren can only survive with the help of a cholla cactus.

Multiple Choice

What is the author's purpose for writing this passage?

• To inform you of the many benefits that the cholla cactus provides to animals in the dessert.

• To persuade you to grow a cholla cactus in your backyard.

• To entertain you with a story about a cholla cactus

• To explain how the dessert is home to many animals and plants.