Implementation of the Bilingual Education Policy

​GAME RULE!

Each player holds up all the fingers on one (or two) hands and then each person takes turns saying something they have never done​. If you have done the announced action, you put down a finger. Once all your fingers are down, you’ve lost. The winner is the one with the last finger up!

Implementation of the Bilingual Education Policy

By Freda Alisen

BILINGUAL EDUCATION

• Refers to the form of education which involves teaching academic content in two languages, either a native language or a second language.  

2. To maintain the native language and culture while learning English.

1. To teach English and integrate the children in the mainstream of education.

GOALS OF BILINGUAL EDUCATION

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THE PHILLIPINE BILINGUAL EDUCATION POLICY

• The policy was first implemented in 1974 when DECS issued Dept. Order No. 25, s. 1974 titled, “Implementing Guidelines for the Policy on Bilingual Education.”​

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Bilingual education in the Philippines is defined operationally as the separate use of Filipino and English as the media of instruction in specific subject areas. ​

• Filipino in 1987) shall be used as medium of instruction in social studies/social sciences, music, arts, physical education, home economics, practical arts and character education. 

• English is allocated to science, mathematics and technology subjects. ​

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The aim of the bilingual education policy (BEP) is the achievement of competence in both the Filipino and English language at the national level.

THE GOALS OF BILINGUAL EDUCATION POLICY SHALL BE:

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• The regional languages shall be used as auxiliary languages in Grades I and II.  

• The aspiration of the Filipino nation is to have its citizens possess skills in Filipino to enable them to perform their functions and duties in order to meet the needs of the country in the community of nations.

• The maintenance of English as an international language for the Philippines and as a non-exclusive language of science and technology.​

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• Filipino and English shall be used as media of instruction, the use allocated to specific subjects in the curriculum as indicated in the Department Order No. 25, s. 1974.

• The regional languages shall be used as auxiliary media of instruction and as initial language for literacy, where needed.

• Filipino and English shall be taught as language subjects in all levels to achieve the goals of bilingual competence.​

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• ​Since competence in the use of both Filipino and English is one of the goals of the Bilingual Education Policy, continuing improvement in the teaching of both languages, their use as media of instruction and the specification of their functions in Philippine schooling shall be the responsibility of the whole educational system.

• Tertiary level institutions shall lead in the continuing intellectualization of Filipino.  The program of intellectualization, however, shall also be pursued in both the elementary and secondary levels.

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• The Department of Education, Culture and Sports shall cooperate with the National Language Commission which according to the 1987 Constitution, shall be tasked with the further development and enrichment of Filipino.

• The Department of Education Culture and Sports shall provide the means by which the language policy can be implemented with the cooperation of government and non-government organizations.​

• The Department shall program funds for implementing the Policy, in such areas as materials production, in-service training, compensatory and enrichment program for non-Tagalogs, development of a suitable and standardized Filipino for classroom use and the development of appropriate evaluative instruments.​

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Executive Order No. 335

• Signed by then President Corazon Aquino On August 25, 1988.

• enjoining all departments/ bureaus/ offices/ agencies/ instrumentalities of the government to take such steps as are necessary for the purpose of using the Filipino language in official transactions, communications, and correspondence. 

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​Under this policy...

1. Take steps to enhance the use of Filipino in official communications, transactions and correspondence in their respective offices, whether national or local;

2. Assign one or more personnel, as maybe necessary, in every office to take charge of communications and correspondence written in Filipino;

3. Translate into Filipino names of offices, buildings, public edifices, and signboards of all offices,divisions or its instrumentalities, and if so desired, imprint below in smaller letters the Englishtext;​

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BILINGUAL EDUCATION IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION

• ​Filipino and English were used as media of instruction for 5-year old children in preschool education.

• ​Next dominat languages learned are Filipino and English producing childhood bilingualism through classroom activities.

• ​In Non-Tagalog areas, teachers translated Filipino and English words to local language, children answered in mixed language.

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bilingual education in the primary grade

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​FILIPINO	​ENGLISH
​Civics and Culture (Sibika at Kultura) Grades I-III	​Mathematics (Grades I-VI)
​Geography, History, and Civics (Heograpiya, Kasaysayan, at Sibika) Grades IV-VI	​Science (Grades III-VI)
​Makabayn, Charcter Education, Music, Arts and P.E. Grades I-IV	​English (All grade levels)
​Home Economics and Livelihood Education Grades IV-VI	​
​Filipino (all grade levels )	​

Teachers believed ​that the use of Filipino as medium of instruction:

• promotes onenness​ in thought as nation and pride in being Filipino, preserves cultural and national identity.

• ​promotes development of reading skills because Filipino is a language of mass media which most children have access to.

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  Children were observed to learn Filipino easier because of regular transparent orthography and mother tongues of children have Filipino vocabulary.

• Learning of English ​supported by teachers and parents

• Early exposure of ​children to sounds (phonology and semantics) of English language promotes familiarization.

• ​Enhanced by educational programs in radio, television, and print materials which widely present

• ​In classrooms, more reading materials in English were available than Filipino in different learning areas.

Lingua franca education project

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• ​Aimed at defining and implementing a national bridging program to develop initial literacy.

• ​All subjects in Grade I were taught in the lingua franca including reading readiness and beginning reading

• ​English was introduced in the second semester.

• Schools were given the option to select which lingua franca to use: Tagalog, Cebuano or Ilocano.

• Result showed that reading in the first language developed self-confidence and there was smooth transfer of learning from the first language to the second language.

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• A study showed in Basic Education Reform Agenda (BESRA) in 2005 that the abilities of Filipino children to transfer their literacy skills from Filipino to English were demonstrated with their word reading/decoding abilities.​

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• But the lack of linguistic or language competence compromised English language performance because it lacked the direct route to sentence comprehension.​

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ACTIVITY TIME!​

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1.    The two official languages, Filipino and English are used as the media of instruction for the 5-year old children in the primary education.

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2. One goal of bilingual education is to teach Filipino and integrate the children in the mainstream of education.

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3. Teachers used the colonial languages in most of the lessons so that children specifically in non-Tagalog areas understood what to do.

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4. Children who learn to read and write in the first language before learning a second language excelled among their peers who were not taught in the first language.

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5. The Bilingual Education Policy (BEP) was first implemented in 1974.

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6. The maintenance of English as an international language for the Philippines and as a non-exclusive language of mathematics and language subjects.

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7. Childhood bilingualism that emerges naturally through classroom activities in learning communication skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing.

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8. Filipino and English shall be used as media of instruction, the use allocated to specific subjects in the curriculum as indicated in the Department Order No. 20 s. 1974.

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9. The goal of bilingual education is to maintain the native language and culture while learning English.

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10. Executive No. 335 was signed by then President Ramon Magsaysay on August 25, 1988.

ASSIGNMENT

Instruction: Explain the following questions. Five (5) points each.​

1.    Give at least three (3) advantages of having Bilingual Education and explain it.

2.    How will early childhood education help children in later years?​