Unit 8 - Reconstruction in the South

Unit 12 - Reconstruction in the South

By Richard Haines

Reconstruction Governments

• ​Republicans had a strong hold on Southern governments after the election of 1869

• Southerners called Northerners who came to work and live in the south Carpetbaggers or Scalawags

• The Democrats resented Northerners coming to their states and tried to use intimidation and fear to get them to leave

• African Americans were the biggest Republican supporters in the South and many ran for state and federal office

• Hiram Revels was from North Carolina and was a chaplain in the Union army during the war.

• Hiram was the first African American senator and later was the president of Alcorn University​

• White democrats passed voting rights for African Americans, but used violence and fear to keep them from voting

• The South was being rebuilt using tax money and bonds to build new railroads, telegraph lines, bridges, etc...​

Multiple Choice

Carpetbaggers and Scalawags were terms to identify Northerns who came down south to live and do business.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Who was the first African American senator?

• Blanche K. Bruce

• Hiram Revels

• Frederick Douglass

Multiple Choice

Where was the first African American senator from?

• South Carolina

• North Carolina

• Georgia

• Tennessee

Multiple Choice

How long did it take the senate to approve of Revels' position in the senate?

• 1 week

• 2 weeks

• 3 weeks

• 3 days

​Ku Klux Klan

• The KKK (Ku Klux Klan) was a secret society of democrats who were against any advancement or equality related to African Americans

• Many of the KKK's members were former Confederate soldiers and officers

• They used violence and intimidation to keep African Americans from voting, holding political office, and owning successful businesses

• The Republicans passed the Enforcement Acts which gave the military the authority to go after and arrest KKK leaders and protect the voting rights of African Americans

• Other Radical groups like the Red Shirts and the White League openly opposed African American equality after the decline of the KKK​

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Multiple Choice

The KKK was an openly racist group who wanted to keep African Americans from voting and being successful

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The Enforcement Acts gave the Union commanders in each district authority to go after and arrest KKK members if they tried to keep people from voting.

• True

• False

Reconstruction Ends

• The Democrat Party slowly gained its power back in Southern state governments

• Former Confederate lower ranking officers were allowed to run for office under the General Amnesty Act of 1872

• In 1872, President Grant was re-elected, but members of his cabinet were taking bribes and voters began voting for Democrats as a result

• The Panic of 1873 sealed the Republican's fate in the South and voters blamed them for the collapse of the economy due to too many railroads bonds being sold

• The Presidential Election of 1876 ​was very close and Republican Rutherford B. Hayes barely defeated Samual Tilden after a compromise was struck between the two parties

• The Compromise of 1877 removed all Union troops out of the South, allowed Hayes to take the presidency, and ​funding for Southern internal improvements will increase

• Redeemers were Democrats who wanted to bring back power to the white people of the South and they began adding poll taxes to voting, segregating the South based on your race, and passed Jim Crow Laws to enforce the separation of whites and African American

• The U.S. Supreme court case Plessy v. Ferguson legalized segregation as long as the facilities were equal

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Multiple Choice

What act allowed Confederate soldiers to run for political office in the South?

• General Amnesty Act 1872

• General American Act 1872

• General Amnesty Act 1873

• General American Act 1874

Multiple Choice

What U.S. Supreme Court case legalized segregation in the United States?

• Marbury v. Madison

• Brown v. Board of Education

• Haines v. Woodland District 50

• Plessy v. Ferguson

Northern and Southern Prosperity

• The South built up its textile industry and textile mills in the North began to close

• Many former slaves found work in these textile mills and were able to provide for their families

• Women in the North began demanding more rights to vote and own property

• ​The North's manufacturing, railroad industry, and commerce made many people wealthy and improved the lives of many workers as well

• Between 1865 and 1873, more than 2 million immigrants came to the U.S. from all over Europe and these immigrants worked the factories and helped build the expanding railroads all over the U.S.

Multiple Choice

Where did the textile industry move its factories after the Civil War?

• To the Western states

• To Canada

• To South American

• To the Southern states

Multiple Choice

Where were most immigrants coming from in the 1870s?

• Africa

• Asia

• South America

• Europe