CELLS AND THE DEFINITION OF LIFE

CELLS AND THE DEFINITION OF LIFE

​Biology

​

​Bio - Life​

ology - study of​​

ALL LIVING THINGS HAVE _5_ MAJOR THINGS IN COMMON THAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

​

Biografía - Vida​

ología - estudio de

​TODOS LOS SERES VIVOS TIENEN 5 COSAS PRINCIPALES EN COMÚN QUE NECESITAS SABER​

​

​1. All living things are made of __Cells__.

​

​A cell is the building block of all life. It is the smallest structure that can be classified as Living.

​Una célula es el bloque de construcción de toda la vida. Es la estructura más pequeña que se puede clasificar como Living.

Multiple Choice

The smallest living unit of life is referred to as?

• cells

• biology

• microscopic

​1. All living things are made of __Cells__.

​

​Robert Hooke

​microscope​

​​Microbiology -

​the study of the biology of microscopic organisms

​Robert Hooke

​microscope

​

​​Microbiology -

​the study of the biology of microscopic organisms​

​

Multiple Choice

The study of life is referred to as...

• Biology

• Microbiology

Multiple Choice

The study of tiny organisms that cannot be viewed with the naked eye is referred to as...

• Biology

• Microbiology

​2. All living things Metabolize nutrients.

​

​Metabolism is the set of chemical reactions that occur inside of living cells to maintain life

​​

​El metabolismo es el conjunto de reacciones químicas que ocurren dentro de las células vivas para mantener la vida.

​2. All living things Metabolize nutrients.

​

​Some of these reactions include breaking down food molecules, repairing cells and building new cells. ​

Algunas de estas reacciones incluyen la descomposición de las moléculas de los alimentos, la reparación de las células y la construcción de nuevas células.​

Multiple Choice

Would these chemical reactions happen faster or slower as living things grow?

• faster then slows down

• slower then speeds up

• remains constant

​3. All living things can Reproduce themselves.

​

​Humans - birth

​Bacteria - divide into 2 by binary fusion

Humanos - nacimiento

Bacterias - se dividen en 2 por fusión binaria

​

Multiple Choice

Bacteria reproduce asexually by a process called

• replication

• meiosis

• mitosis

• binary fission

​4. All living things contain a blueprint for the entire organism inside a special molecule known as DNA​

​DNA - Deoxyribonucleic acid

​-Repeating chains of nucleotides​

​-Blueprint of the organism ​

ADN - Ácido desoxirribonucleico

​-Cadenas repetitivas de nucleótidos.

​-Plano del organismo​

Multiple Choice

What does DNA stand for?

• Deoxyribonucleic acid
• Denitrogenous acid
• Deribonucleic acid
• Diribonucleic acid

​4. All living things contain a blueprint called DNA​

​Every nucleotide in DNA has 3 parts:

​

1: The phosphate group.

2: A sugar named deoxyribose.

3: One of the 4 nitrogen bases.

​

Cada nucleótido en el ADN tiene 3 partes:

​

1: El grupo fosfato.

2: Un azúcar llamado desoxirribosa.

3: Una de las 4 bases nitrogenadas​

​

Multiple Choice

What are the components of a DNA nucleotide?

• nitrogen base, phosphate group, and pentose sugar
• pentose sugar, purine, and pyrimidine
• nitrogen base and a phosphate group
• DNA, phosphate group, monosaccharide

​The instructions for the organism are carried by the sequence of the nitrogen bases like the code in a computer program. This information is used to make the proteins which direct all of the metabolic processes of the cell.

​

​Las instrucciones para el organismo son llevadas por la secuencia de las bases nitrogenadas como el código en un programa de computadora. Esta información se utiliza para fabricar las proteínas que dirigen todos los procesos metabólicos de la célula.​

Multiple Choice

Which of the following units are repeatedly joined together to form a strand of DNA?

• amino acids
• nucleotides
• fatty acids
• polysaccharides

​

Double Helix

​

​Doble hélice

​

​DNA Structure

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes a DNA molecule?

• double helix
• contains ribose
• made of amino acids
• contains Uracil

Multiple Choice

The shape of DNA.

• double helix
• nucleotide
• DNA polymerase
• single stranded

​5. All living things maintain a steady balance of water, nutrients and energy known as Homeostasis

​How does your body maintain a balance of temperature?

​

​

​¿Cómo mantiene su cuerpo un equilibrio de temperatura?

Multiple Choice

Homeostasis

• allows for a wildly fluctuating internal environment

• is impossible in vertebrates

• is the maintenance of a relatively stable internal environment and often incorporates a form of feedback regulation

​5. All living things maintain a steady balance of water, nutrients and energy known as Homeostasis

​How does your body maintain a balance of nutrients?

​

​

​¿Cómo mantiene su cuerpo un equilibrio de nutrientes?

Multiple Choice

When you are cold, you shiver and your blood vessels contract, which warms you up. When you are hot, you sweat and your blood vessels expand, which cools you down.

• False

• True

​5. All living things maintain a steady balance of water, nutrients and energy known as Homeostasis

​How does your body maintain a balance of energy?

​

​

​¿Cómo mantiene tu cuerpo un equilibrio de energía?

​Bio- life

Abio - without life ​

​

​Terminology

​A prefix indicates without

​

A prefijo indica sin

​

​

Bio-vida

Abio - sin vida

​Biotic- living factors in the environment

Abiotic- nonliving factors in the environemt​

​

​

​

​Terminology

Multiple Choice

Soil is an example of a

• Biotic factor

• Abiotic factor

• competition

• herbivorous

Multiple Choice

Which of these is NOT an abiotic factor?

• water

• temperature

• grass

• soil

Multiple Choice

Is a deer an abiotic or biotic factor?

• abiotic

• biotic

​What do all living things have in common?

​1. All living things are made of cells.

2. All living things metabolize nutrients.

​3. All living things reproduce themselves.

​4. All living things contain DNA.

5. All living things maintain homeostasis.​

​1. Todos los seres vivos están hechos de células.

2. Todos los seres vivos metabolizan los nutrientes.

3. Todos los seres vivos se reproducen.

4. Todos los seres vivos contienen ADN.

5. Todos los seres vivos mantienen la homeostasis.​