Parenthetical Elements

​Learning Targets

Know when independent and dependent clauses need commas​

​

Identify essential information and non-essential information​

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Poll

SELF - ASSESSMENT (Before Lesson)

Identify the number that corresponds to your confidence level in your knowledge of this subject before beginning the lesson. A score of 1 means you are completely lost, and a score of 4 means you have mastered the skills.

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

​Entrance Ticket

Select the best alternatives to the underlined portion in each sentence below. If no change is necessary, select NO CHANGE.​

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

Social media, admittedly seems like a rather inconsequential topic for the board of directors' meeting tomorrow.

• NO CHANGE

• Social media, admittedly, seems

• Social media admittedly, seems

• Social media admittedly seems

Multiple Choice

Many students, at Middleton Valley High School take their lunch break away from campus, usually stopping at one of the nearby fast food restaurants.

• NO CHANGE

• students at Middleton Valley High School,

• students at, Middleton Valley High School,

• students at Middleton Valley High School

Multiple Choice

A month later, his son Tim, made the varsity baseball team after training vigorously all summer.

• NO CHANGE

• later, his son, Tim,

• later, his son, Tim

• later his son Tim,

​3.3.1 Using Commas to Offset

What is the rule about commas based on these examples?

1. I failed the test, the most important one of the year, because I didn't study.

2. My boyfriend picked me up, late as usual, to take me to the movie.

3. Power was out everywhere, even at the hospital, after the storm hit.​

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

​3.3.1 Continued

4. Swimming laps each morning, though, energized and strengthened him while he was recovering from the accident.

​

Comma Rule:

Commas are used to set off words or phrases that are not essential to the sentence.

These commas are called parenthetical because they set apart phrases that are not essential to the sentence's meaning. ​

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

My grandmother however; has no pets because she has an allergy to all types of animal hair.

• NO CHANGE

• grandmother; however,

• grandmother, however,

• grandmother, however

Multiple Choice

The following year, 1558, Mary died in an influenza epidemic, and Elizabeth, then twenty-four, assumed the throne of England.

• NO CHANGE

• 1558, and

• 1558;

• 1558

Multiple Choice

Neither one, in my opinion possessed the leadership skills or the commitment necessary to be the club president.

• NO CHANGE

• Neither one, in my opinion,

• Neither one in my opinion;

• Neither one in my opinion,

Multiple Choice

Ballads can be long or short, but most rely on varying verses that alternate wotj an unchanging refrain or, chorus, to tell a story.

• NO CHANGE

• refrain, or chorus, to

• refrain or chorus to,

• refrain or, chorus to

Multiple Choice

Three of us kids excitedly took our places in line for the roller coaster, but Ray, being too young to ride had to settle for an ice cream with Mom instead.

• NO CHANGE

• Ray, being too young to ride,

• Ray, being too young, to ride

• Ray being too young to ride,

Multiple Choice

The names we had picked out in advance-Shadow, Scamp, and Skip, didn't seem to fit once we met the puppies in person.

• NO CHANGE

• Skip-

• Skip;

• Skip

Multiple Choice

These days, with information so easily available via the internet; it's easy to forget that library card catalogs were once the starting point for research projects.

• NO CHANGE

• internet, its

• internet; its

• internet, it's

Multiple Choice

These adherents of Sikhism, millions of whom live in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent-classify service in three forms: physical service, mental service, and material service.

Essential Nonessential Punctuation

• NO CHANGE

• Sikhism-

• Sikhism;

• Sikhism

​Essential/Nonessential Information

Once you have identified a parenthetical element, you need two punctuation marks:

Two parenthesis

Two commas or

Two dashes​

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

Mrs. Zervoudakis, our next-door neighbor for many years never shared the recipe for her delicious baklava, preferring to keep it a family secret.

• NO CHANGE

• neighbor, for many years,

• neighbor for many years,

• neighbor, for many years

Multiple Choice

Franco Corelli, revered by opera lovers, appeared regularly with the Metropolitan Opera between 1961 and 1975.

Is the phrase essential or nonessential?

• NO CHANGE

• Corelli, revered by opera lovers

• Corelli revered by opera lovers,

• Corelli revered by opera lovers

Multiple Choice

In 1946, British mathematician, Alan Turing presented a paper on what is now regarded as the first stored-program computer.

Remember: If it's essential, keep it!

• NO CHANGE

• mathematician Alan Turing,

• mathematician, Alan Turing,

• mathematician Alan Turing

Multiple Choice

Approximately 300 crew members from the U.S. Navy cruiser, Indianapolis were rescued at sea after their ship went down on July 30, 1945.

• NO CHANGE

• cruiser, Indianapolis;

• cruiser Indianapolis,

• cruiser, Indianapolis

Poll

Where do you stand now in your understanding of essential/nonessential phrases?

Do you have any questions? Do you think you can apply what you have learned today on an ACT test?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

​Exit Ticket

Go to MP and complete the 3 questions.​

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

Exit Ticket #1

Numerous years of preparation and toil led to this pivotal moment. In 1933, attorney and civic leader Luther Ely Smith conceived a monument that would honor St. Louis's major contribution to the westward expansion of the United States.

essential or nonessential?

• NO CHANGE

• attorney, and civic leader

• attorney and civic leader,

• attorney, and civic leader,

Multiple Choice

Exit Ticket #2

Finally, the programs restarted on the computer. Not all viruses, however, are fixed so easily.

essential/nonessential?

• NO CHANGE

• viruses; however,

• viruses, however

• viruses, however,

Multiple Choice

Exit Ticket #3

When she sat out on the patio on summer evenings, Kelly always wore loose-fitting linen pants, which provide protection, against aggressive mosquitoes.

essential/nonessential?

• NO CHANGE

• pants which provide, protection

• pants, which provide protection

• pants which provide protection

Multiple Choice

The continued usage of several English words, coined in the early seventeenth century, can be directly attributed to the influence of Shakespeare's works on the spoken language.

Is the phrase essential or nonessential?

• NO CHANGE

• words, coined in the early seventeenth century

• words coined in the early seventeenth century,

• words coined in the early seventeenth century

Multiple Choice

On the first day of class, the professor emphasized that those students, who fall behind early in the semester, would have a hard time getting through the course.

Is the phrase essential or nonessential?

• NO CHANGE

• students who fall behind, early in the semester,

• students who fall behind early in the semester,

• students who fall behind early in the semester