Weather and Climate Lesson 2

​Lesson 2: Taking Earth's Temperature

Section 4 - 7

​Three Ways Energy is Transferred

​Different Substances Absorb Energy at Different Rates

​Thermal Energy and State Changes

​Measuring Atmospheric Temperature

Open Ended

Tell me three ways energy is transferred. (page 24)

​One property of matter is how quickly a substance warms up. Different types of matter require different amounts of thermal energy to increase their temperature by the same amount.

The sand on the beach...compare it to water temp during the day and at night.

(Section 5 - Page​ 25)

​Main Point

Open Ended

Why is the sand warmer than the water during the day and colder than the water at night?

​In general, the thermal energy in an object depends on its state.

Main Point 1​

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​A substance’s thermal energy changes when its state changes and as its energy is transferred through melting, evaporation, condensation, and freezing.

​Main Point 2​

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Section 6 - page 26

Open Ended

What are the four ways that matter can change state?

Draw

Draw particles in a solid state transforming to a liquid state. Show the energy transferred to the substance or to the environment.

Multiple Choice

If you have the same mass of a gas, a liquid, and a solid, each at the same temperature, which has the most energy?

• Gas

• Liquid

• Solid

Multiple Choice

If you have the same mass of a gas, a liquid, and a solid, each at the same temperature, which has the least energy?

• Gas

• Liquid

• Solid

Open Ended

Why would a solid have less thermal energy than a liquid or gas?

Main Points:

​1) Thermometers are used to measure the temperature of the air.

2) ​Most people are interested in conditions close to the ground, where the high and low air temperatures for your area’s daily weather reports are measured.

​3) Temperature for weather analysis and forecasting is usually measured at weather stations.

​Section 7

page 28​

Open Ended

To get an accurate measurement of air temperature, where must thermometers be located? Explain.