Genetics terms part 1

GENETICS TERMS

The study of how traits are inherited

Multiple Choice

Which deals with the transmission of inherited traits from one generation to another?

• anatomy
• ecology
• genetics
• forensics

Multiple Choice

Which of your body cells contain DNA?

• Only bone cells

• Only sperm and egg cells

• Most of the cells throughout your body

• Only skin cells

Multiple Choice

Which statement is true?

• Your DNA is identical to your siblings.

• Your DNA is identical to your father's.

• Your DNA is identical to your mother's.

• Your DNA is unique to you.

Multiple Choice

Made up of segments of DNA and are passed from parent to child.

• Protein

• Trait

• Genome

• Gene

2. ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

•Also called mitosis
•Produces genetically identical
daughter cells
•Creates somatic cells

Multiple Choice

One parent: organism produces offspring without fertilization

• Sexual Reproduction

• Asexual Reproduction

• Diverse organism

28. SEXUAL REPRODUCTION

•Also called meiosis
•Produces genetically different
daughter cells
•Creates gametes

Multiple Choice

A type of reproduction in which the genetic materials from two different cells combine, producing an offspring

• Asexual Reproduction

• Uniform Organism

• Diverse Organism

• Sexual Reproduction

Multiple Choice

One advantage to sexual reproduction includes

• Rapidly reproduce

• Diverse offspring

• Uniform Offspring

• Can produce without a mate.

12. HEREDITY

•Passing of traits from parents to child
•Genes on chromosomes control the traits
that show up in an organism

•Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

Multiple Choice

the passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring.

• heredity
• trait
• gene
• allele

31. TRAIT

•Specific characteristic that makes one
organism different from others of the same
species.
•Examples:

•Height
•Hair color
•Eye color

•Yes you need to write all parts of the definition

Multiple Choice

An organism's observable characteristics.

• Traits

• Gene

• phenotype

• genotype

Multiple Choice

Which of these are characteristics of inherited traits?

• being able to speak in front of a crowd

• having green eyes and brown hair

• mastering your multiplication facts

• becoming a teacher

1. ALLELE

•one specific trait (written as a letter) that
is inherited in the organisms genes.
•For each trait we get one allele from our
biological mother and one allele from our
biological father

•Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

Multiple Choice

Which term describes the different forms of a gene

• Chromosome

• Allele

• DNA

• Punnett Squares

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of an allele?

• H

• HH

• Hr

• HHH

9. GENOTYPE

•The genetic makeup of an
organism
•The two alleles inherited for a
particular gene

•Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

Multiple Choice

The genotype of an organism describes the

• codons that make up the genes
• number of gene's on the chromosmes
• genetic make-up of a trait
• type of chromosomes in the nucleus

Multiple Choice

The exact genetic makeup of an organism, such as RR, Tt, PP is its?

• phenotype
• dominance
• genotype
• trait

Multiple Choice

Genotype refers to the ...

• physical expression of the genes
• the possible combination of alleles in a gene
• whether an allele is dominant or recessive
• how an organism will appear

22. PHENOTYPE

•The way an organism looks or
behaves
•The observable traits such as hair
color or eye color

•Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

Multiple Choice

Genotype or Phenotype: Black hair

• Phenotype

• Genotype

Multiple Choice

Brown Hair, blue eyes, and free earlobes are all examples of

• Genotype

• Phenotype

• Neither

6. DOMINANT

•A trait in the genotype that will
always show in the phenotype if it
is inherited by the offspring
•Is written as a capitol letter

• Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

Multiple Choice

If your genotype is Bb what type of trait would you express a phenotype?

• Dominant

• Both dominant and recessive

• Recessive

Multiple Choice

In a heterozygous genotype, the ___________ allele takes over in the phenotype.

• recessive
• dominant
• lower case letter
• both 

24. RECESSIVE

•A trait in the genotype that will
only show in the phenotype if the
dominant trait is not inherited
•Written as the lower case letter of
the DOMINANT trait

•Yes you need to write both parts of the definition

Multiple Choice

The hidden form of an inherited trait

• dominant trait
• recessive trait
• purebred
• hybrid

15. HOMOZYGOUS

•Having two identical alleles for
a trait.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following alleles is homozygous (purebred) recessive?

• TT

• Tt

• tt

• ts

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is homozygous dominant?

• Yy
• Y
• yy
• YY

Multiple Choice

If something is homozygous, it can also be called____

• phenotype

• genotype

• hybrid

• purebred

13. HETEROZYGOUS

•Having a two different alleles
for a trait (one dominant and
one recessive)

Multiple Choice

Which set of alleles are considered heterozygous?

• HH

• Hh

• HR

• hh

Multiple Choice

Tt is-

• homozygous dominant
• homozygous recessive
• heterozygous
• none of these

Multiple Choice

If something is heterozygous, it is also _____

• purebred

• hybrid

• dominant

• recessive

Multiple Choice

Where is the majority of DNA stored within a cell?

• Chloroplast

• Cell wall

• Cell membrane

• Nucleus