Galaxy and solar system

Galaxies and Solar Systems

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What galaxy do we live in?

—We live in the Milky Way Galaxy on an outer  arm.

—The Milky Way Galaxy has approximately 200 billion stars.

 

—Most of the stars in our galaxy are not visible from Earth.

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Our galaxy is called the Milky way galaxy. It has Billions of stars.

​There are so many stars in the our galaxy that it is hard to count them.

Multiple Choice

Which statement is not true about Galaxies?

• Galaxies have different shapes but all can be described as a large group of stars and planets.

• A galaxy is defined as a large system of stars held together by mutual gravitation and isolated from similar systems by vast regions of space.

• A galaxy has one star and eight planets

• Galaxies have many large stars and tiny dust and gas molecules

What are the components of a galaxy?

​Galaxies are made of

—Gas

—Dust

—Objects that orbit stars

—And billions of Stars

Galaxies have different shapes but all can be described as a large group of stars and planets

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Multiple Choice

What are the components of a galaxy?

• Dust

• Objects that orbit stars

• And billions of Stars

• Gas

• All are Correct

Our galaxy has billions of stars, planets, comets, asteroids and moons.

Multiple Choice

You are looking through a telescope and you see in space an area of gas, dust, and many stars distributed
along spiral arms. What are you most likely looking at?

• a comet

• a galaxy

• a solar system

• an asteroid belt

​ Our solar system has only 1 star. Our galaxy is much, much larger than our solar system.

Multiple Choice

Our solar system is in the Milky Way galaxy. Which statement is NOT true for all the galaxies?

• They contain billions of stars.
  

• They can be seen from Earth.
  

  
  

• They contain gas, dust, and many stars.
  

  
  

• They are constantly moving through space.

  
  

​ Our solar system has only 1 Star.

Multiple Choice

The Sun, like other stars, is a ball of hot, glowing gas. Which statement best describes the Sun?

• The Sun is one of billions of stars in the universe.

• The Sun is one of billions of stars in the solar system.

• The Sun is at the center of the Milky Way galaxy.

• The Sun is farther from Earth than any other star.

Our solar system has 1 star, 8 planets, comets, asteroids and many moons. Four of the planets are called inner planets and four are called outer planets.

Order and Description of the Planets

Mercury (inner planet)

Mercury is the closest planet to the sun. 

Surface is rocky

Almost no atmosphere

Smallest inner planet

No moons
Very hot during the day (HOT)
Very cold during the night

Venus (inner planet)

Venus is the 2nd planet from the sun. 

Surface is rocky

Very thick atmosphere made mostly of carbon dioxide

Smaller than earth

0 moons
The surface of Venus is always hot

Mars (inner planet)

Mars is the 4th planet from the sun. 

Surface is rocky with mountains and canyons.

Thin atmosphere made mostly of carbon dioxide

Mars is very warm during the day and cold at night
2 moons

Earth (inner planet)

Earth is the 3rd planet from the sun. 

Surface is rocky; 70%  is covered by water

Atmosphere consists of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% other gases

1 moon

Order and Description of the Planets (cont.)

Saturn
Saturn is the 6th planet from the sun. 

Surface is entirely gas, its surface IS its atmosphere made mostly of hydrogen and helium

Saturn is the 2nd largest planet of the solar system.

Saturn has over 100 moons

Saturn's Temperature is VERY COLD

Jupiter

Jupiter is the 5th planet to the sun. 

Surface is liquid hydrogen gas

Atmosphere of very thick hydrogen gas.

Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system.

Jupiter has over 90 moons

Temperatures fall to about -160OC (VERY COLD)

Jupiter has a storm in its atmosphere called the “Great Red Spot”.

Order and Description of the Planets: Outer Planets

Neptune (outer planet)

Neptune is the 8th planet from the sun. 

Surface is made of gaseous elements

Thick atmosphere made of hydrogen, helium, & methane gases

Neptune is Much larger than Earth

Neptune has over 8 moons

Neptune is VERY COLD

Uranus (outer planet)
Uranus is the 7th planet to the sun. 

Surface is thought to be mostly gaseous

Atmosphere of very thick hydrogen, helium, & methane gas.

Uranus Is much larger than Earth

Uranus has over 24 moons

Uranus is VERY COLD

Order and Description of the Planets (cont.)

Multiple Choice

Which of the following correctly compares the inner planets of the Solar System to the outer planets?

• The inner planets have rings, while the outer planets do not have rings

• The inner planets have few or no moons, while the outer planets have many moons.

• The inner planets have longer year lengths, while the outer planets have shorter year lengths

• The inner planets are composed mostly of gas, while the outer planets are composed mostly of solids

Multiple Choice

The outer planets are larger, and the inner planets are smaller.

• False

• True

Multiple Choice

The inner planets are composed of gases, whereas the outer planets are composed of metals.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The outer planets are colder than the inner planets because they are further away from the sun. The inner planets have few if any moons, however, the outer planets sometimes have many moons.

• There are no Outer planets

• True

• The Inner planets are too cold

• The outer planets are smaller

Our solar system has 1 star, 8 planets, comets, asteroids and many moons.

Multiple Choice

Our solar system includes the sun, planets and their moons, comets, and asteroids. The Sun is the center of our solar system. Which is a true statement about the difference between our solar system and our galaxy?

• Our galaxy has billions of stars and planets

• Our solar system has 1 star and eight plants

• Our galaxy is much larger than our solar system

• All are true

Asteroids are small and large rocks in space that orbit the Sun. 

Asteroids

Comets are mountain size chunks of ice and dust that orbit the sun. Comets have a trail of dust and gas that follow them.

Comets

Comets and Asteroids

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Multiple Choice

Comets are mountain size chunks of ice and dust that orbit the sun.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Asteroids are small and large rocks in space that orbit the Sun. 

• False

• True