Ch. 11 L 3 lesson slides

Immigration

Chapter 11 Lesson 3

Chapter 11 L. 3 Vocabulary

Some text here about the topic of discussion

• diversity: variety within a group

• prejudice: unfair, negative opinions about a group of people

• oppression: unjust treatment of a person or group by a government

• tenement: A building that has been divided into many small apartments

• labor union: a group of workers, usually in the same type of job, who have united to demand better wages and working conditions

• melting pot: a place where different people, cultures, and ideas are mixed together

Multiple Choice

a place where different peoples, cultures, and ideas are mixed together

• labor union

• tenement

• melting pot

• prejudice

Multiple Choice

variety within a group

• diversity

• oppression

• prejudice

• melting pot

Multiple Choice

A group of workers, usually in the same type of job, who have united to demand better wages and working conditions

• prejudice

• tenement

• labor union

• diversity

Multiple Choice

unfair, negative OPINIONS about a group of people

• tenement

• diversity

• oppression

• prejudice

Multiple Choice

unjust TREATMENT of a person or group by a government

• oppression

• prejudice

• diversity

• labor union

Multiple Choice

a building that has been divided into many small apartments

• diversity

• melting pot

• labor union

• tenement

Immigrants Come to America

After the Civil War there were two waves of immigration.
People came to America in search of

1)

Freedom

2)

Opportunity

Wave 1: 1865-1890 - Most were from Ireland and
northern Europe (Germany, Great Britain, Finland,
Sweden, and Norway).

Wave 2: 1890-1920 - Most were from eastern & southern
European countries (Poland, Russia, Italy,
Austria-Hungary, and Greece).

Immigrant: A person who leaves his
home country to live in a different
country

New Immigrants

Wave 2: 1890-1920 - Most were from eastern &
southern European countries (Poland, Russia, Italy,
Austria-Hungary, and Greece).

●Many of these “new immigrants” from Europe
settled in the cities in the east and the midwest.

●Also included in the 2nd wave of “new
immigrants” were people from Asia (Japan and
China) who settled on the West coast.

These new immigrants brought their languages, cultures

and traditions with them. This brought more diversity to

America.

Why Did People Immigrate to America?

Why Immigrants Left Their Homelands

(Push Factors)

What Immigrants Hoped to Find in America

(Pull Factors)

1. They were poor (living in poverty).

1. They wanted jobs.

2. They faced war/violence, prejudice, and

oppression.

2. They wanted religious and political freedom.

3. They lacked opportunities or resources in their
home country.

3. They wanted a new life and to meet basic
needs.

Multiple Choice

More than 15 million people from countries including Poland, Russia, Greece, Austria-Hungary, Italy, Japan, and China came in a 2nd wave of immigration between 1890-1920. They brought with them their own cultures, leading to increased cultural diversity in America. They were referred to as the __________________.

• "newcomers"

• "other immigrants"

• "foreign immigrants"

• "new immigrants"

Open Ended

List reasons why immigrants left their homelands. (push factors)

Arriving in the United States

Two entry points

1)

Ellis Island in New York, New York

• Ships from Europe arrived to this location.

2)

Angel Island in San Francisco, California

• Ships from Asia arrived at this location.

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Adapting to a New Land

Imagine coming from a small village
and arriving in New York City!

There was a lot to get used to.

●Tall buildings

●Electric Streetcars

●Automobiles

●Crowds of people

●Different languages

Humble Beginnings

As more people moved to the cities, both
from rural areas as well as through
immigration, the cities became
overcrowded.

Many new immigrants to the United States
lived in tenements.

Tenement: a building that has been
divided into small apartments

Tenements

These apartments were small and were
sometimes shared by more than one family. All of
the people on one floor might share one sink.
Sometimes a room would not have any windows.

Tenement apartments often became run
down and dirty.

Job competition

As the population grew, jobs
became harder to find.

●Most unskilled workers looked
for jobs in factories.

●Some Americans felt like
immigrants were taking job
opportunities away from them,
especially since immigrants
were willing to work for less
pay. This could lead to
resentment and prejudice.

Noteworthy Immigrants and Their Contributions

Andrew Carnegie - (immigrated from Scotland) -
transformed the steel industry

Jacob Riis - (immigrated from Denmark) - wrote about
and took pictures of the poor living conditions in
tenements. His photojournalistic book was called, “How
the Other Half Lives.” His book brought public awareness
to the problem of the poor living conditions in the slums
and led to laws being passed and organizations being
started to address the issue.

Noteworthy Immigrants and Their Contributions

Samuel Gompers - (immigrated from Great Britain)
-formed the first labor union.

Labor Union - a group of workers who unite to
demand better wages and working conditions.

George Shima - (immigrated from Japan)
He saved his money to buy farmland to raise potatoes.
Eventually his farm produced more potatoes than any
other farm in the world, earning him the nickname “The
Potato King.”

Noteworthy Immigrants and Their Contributions

To the Entertainment Industry

Israel Zangwill -

(Immigrated from Great Britain).
He wrote a play called “The
Melting Pot” and that phrase to
describe America caught on. He
believed that America was a place
where Europeans could “melt” old
ideas and prejudices and could be
molded into new people called
“Americans”.

Irving Berlin - (Immigrated
from Russia).

Famous composer and
songwriter. He wrote music for
movies and Broadway plays. He
may be best known for writing the
song, “God Bless America.”

He came to America to escape
Russian violence against Jewish
people.

Movie Industry

Many of the big motion picture
studios (Warner Brothers,
Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer,
Paramount, and Columbia were
started by Jewish immigrants from
Russia eastern Europe.

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Multiple Choice

At which entry point would an immigrant from China arrive?

• Angel Island in California

• Ellis Island in New York

Open Ended

Explain why living conditions in a tenement were less than ideal.

(Why did living conditions in tenements need to change?)

Multiple Choice

This immigrant from Great Britain formed a labor union to organize workers to demand better wages and working conditions.

• George Shima

• Samuel Gompers

• Israel Zangwill

• Irving Berlin

Multiple Choice

Which of these immigrants came to America to escape anti-Jewish violence in Russia and later wrote the song "God Bless America"? He also wrote several Broadway show tunes.

• Jacob Riis

• Samuel Gompers

• Israel Zangwill

• Irving Berlin

Multiple Choice

Which of these immigrants is known for taking pictures of tenements and writing a book that included these pictures called "How the Other Half Lives" which brought public awareness to the poor living conditions in tenements?

• George Shima

• Samuel Gompers

• Jacob Riis

• Irving Berlin

Multiple Choice

Often America is referred to as a "melting pot" because we are a nation made of people from all over the world. This immigrant from Britain had hope for America to be a place where division and prejudices can be melted down and people can be remolded as Americans.

• Irving Berlin

• George Shima

• Israel Zangwill

• Samuel Gompers

Multiple Choice

After immigrating from Japan, this man saved enough money to buy land and grow high quality potatoes. He eventually was growing more potatoes than anyone else in the world, earning him the title the "potato king"

• George Shima

• Samuel Gompers

• Irving Berlin

• Jacob Riis

Use the key to read the date on Lady Liberty's tablet.

What is significant about this date?

​​Symbolism

• Why do you think the sculptor of Liberty Enlightening the World, Frederic Bartholdi, included this date on this monument?

​July 4, 1776 marks the date of the Declaration of Independence.

"We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed, by their Creator, with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness."

​​Tablet

At the feet of Lady Liberty there is a broken shackle. This represents liberty breaking the chains of bondage (and celebrates the abolition of slavery in the U.S.)

Her other foot is raised, symbolizing moving forward towards the continued progress of freedom.

​​Chains

The torch is a symbol of enlightenment - lighting the way towards liberty.

​​Torch

The spikes of the crown represent light extending out to the world. It has also been recognized as a symbol of the 7 seas (North Atlantic, South Atlantic, North Pacific, South Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Southern oceans) as well as the 7 continents of the world.

America has come to be known as a "melting pot" that is composed of people from all across the world.

​​Crown

Welcome to a New Land

The actual title of the Statue of Liberty is

“Liberty Enlightening the World”

It is a SYMBOL OF FREEDOM and was a gift of friendship from
France.

Torch- a symbol of enlightenment

Tablet - On it is inscribed the date of our nation’s independence,
July 4, 1776.

On the base is a poem by Emma Lazarus

Welcome to a New Land

On the base of the statue is a poem by Emma Lazarus.

"Give me your tired, your poor,

Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,

The wretched refuse of your teeming shore,

Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me,

I lift my lamp beside the golden door!"

Still today, people come to America seeking

freedom and opportunities.

​The Statue of Liberty:

a symbol of FREEDOM, OPPORTUNITY, & HOPE

Multiple Choice

What part of the statue is symbolic of the abolition of slavery and freedom from bondage?

• crown

• broken shackle

• tablet

• torch

Multiple Choice

What part of the Statue of Liberty is symbolic of enlightenment showing the way to freedom?

• crown

• broken shackle

• tablet

• torch

Multiple Choice

What part of the Statue of Liberty is symbolic of America's independence, the ideals that our nation was founded upon, and our friendship with France?

• torch

• broken shackles

• tablet

• crown

Multiple Choice

What part of the Statue of Liberty is symbolic of freedom reaching out to the world as well as people crossing the oceans from all around the world in hope of freedom?

• torch

• crown

• tablet

• broken shackles

Multiple Choice

If you wanted to read the poem by Emma Lazarus that says, "Give me your tired, your poor, your huddles masses yearning to breath free, the wretched refuse of your teeming shore, send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me. I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" where on the Statue of Liberty will you look?

• Her tablet

• Her base

• Her broken shackles

• The handle of her torch

Reaction Against Immigration

In the Workplace

●Immigrants were willing to work for lower pay.

●Labor Unions fought to keep immigrants from taking
jobs from American workers.

●Some immigrants lived in their own neighborhoods
like Little Italy or Chinatown.

Chinese Immigration

●Originally, Chinese workers were welcomed in
America.

●As more people started competing for jobs, attitudes
shifted.

●Noticeable cultural differences also contributed to
rejection. Some Americans did not accept some of
the Chinese traditions.

Chinese Exclusion Act

●This law stated that Chinese immigrants
would not be allowed to enter the country for
10 years.

○Some people were concerned that the different
culture of the Chinese would change America.

●This law was renewed in 1924. It limited the
number of immigrants from each European
country.