Nervous System Mini-Summative Review

​IMPORTANT NOTE! You actually have more than 5 senses. You have internal senses that monitor your body temperature, blood pressure, hunger, and more! But these are the five most recognizable senses, and the easiest for us to study in middle school.

Multiple Choice

Which part of the body is like a highway for sending messages?

• Blood

• Spinal Cord

• Atrium

• Ventricle

Multiple Choice

bundle of wire-like nerves threaded through the backbones, through which electrical messages travel between the brain and body.

• neurons

• spinal cord

• spaghetti

• brain

Multiple Choice

a body system that controls and coordinates all body activities through electric impulses/messages between brain, spinal cord and nerves.

• endocrine system 
• nervous system
• nerve
• neuron

Multiple Choice

What is the central nervous system (CNS) made of?

• brain and spinal cord

• brain and cranial nerves

• spinal cord and spinal nerves

• cranial nerves and spinal nerves

Multiple Choice

What is the job of the spinal cord?

• To protect your muscles

• To communicate from your brain to the rest of your body

• To open and close your lungs.

Multiple Choice

What sense organ is responsible for our sense of touch?

• Ears

• Face

• Nose 

• Skin

Neurons - main cell of the nervous system; communicate signals to different parts of the body.

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• Dendrites: receive neurotransmitters from other neurons

• Cell Body: Contains the nucleus and other organelles

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Major parts of a Neuron

• Axon: carries the nerve impulse away from the cell body.

• Myelin Sheaths: Protects the axon and speeds up the nerve impulse

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Major parts of a Neuron

Nerve Impulses are electrical, and travel down the neuron for quick signaling.

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Neurotransmitters are chemical signaling between neurons.

Multiple Choice

The part of the neuron that receives messages from adjacent neurons

• axon

• axon terminal

• dendrite

• neuron

Multiple Choice

This insulating material forms a layer, around the axon of a neuron.  It enables electrical signals to travel down the axon at higher speeds.

• neuron

• myelin sheath

• dendrite

• neurotransmitter

Multiple Choice

A chemical produced by neurons that carries messages to other neurons

• myelin sheath

• neurotransmitter

• axon

• axon terminal

Multiple Choice

The tiny gap between neurons where nerve impulses are sent from one neuron to another.  It is where communication occurs between an axon and dendrite

• synapse

• axon terminal

• impulse

• myelin

Multiple Choice

Identify #1

• axon

• cell body

• myelin sheath

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

Identify #2

• axon

• cell body

• dendrite

• myelin sheath

Multiple Choice

Identify #3

• axon

• cell body

• dendrite

• myelin sheath

Multiple Choice

The long, fiber like part of a neuron which the cell sends information to receiving neurons

• axon

• dendrite

• myelin

• Node of Ranvier

Multiple Choice

The part of the neuron that insulates the axon and increases the speed of the neural message within the neuron.

• Synapse

• Dendrite

• Myelin Sheath

• Axon Terminal Button

Multiple Choice

A

• Dendrite
• Axon
• Axon Terminal
• Cell Body

Multiple Choice

The correct direction of the neural impulse within one neuron.

• Axon Terminal to Dendrite

• Dendrite to Axon Terminal

• Cell Body to Axon

• Axon Terminal to Cell Body

Multiple Choice

What is another name for a nerve cell?

• Muscle Fiber

• Connective Tissue

• Impulse

• Neuron

Multiple Choice

The part of the neuron that brings information to the cell body is called a(n) ___________.

• dendrite

• axon

• nucleus

• node of Ranvier

Multiple Choice

The part of the neuron that takes information away from the cell body is called a(n) _____________.

• dendrite

• axon

• cell body

• Schwann cell

Multiple Choice

What is the chemical used by a neuron to transmit an impulse across a synapse to another nerve cell?

• Neurotransmitters

• Synapse

• Threshold

• Impulse

Multiple Choice

What is the insulating membrane that surrounds parts of the axon that helps the impulses travel faster called?

• Axon

• Dendrites

• Node of Ranvier

• Myelin Sheath

Helps with executive functions like attention, self-control, planning, problem-solving, thought, language, and personality.,

Frontal Lobe

Process sensory information about temperature, touch, and paste. Some evidence suggests reading and math skills happen here too!

Parietal Lobe

Processes what you hear, allows for voice and sound recognition, helps with memory

​​Temporal Lobe

Processes the information that your eyes see.

​​Occipital Lobe

​A lot of sensory processing and thinking happens in the lobes of the CEREBRUM!

Match

Match the following brain structures to their functions

• Frontal Lobe

• Parietal Lobe

• Occipital Lobe

• Temporal Lobe

Personality, reasoning, thinking

Sense of touch; reading/writing, math skills

Processes what you see

Processes what you hear

• Personality, reasoning, thinking

• Sense of touch; reading/writing, math skills

• Processes what you see

• Processes what you hear

Coordinates body movements, especially those that are practiced; helps with balance and coordination.

​​Cerebellum

Connects the brain to the spinal cord, controls vital functions like breathing, heart rate and blood pressure and some eye reflexes.

​​Brainstem

Emotional center of the brain; helps process memory, emotional responses, and decision-making

Amygdala

Helps with long-term memory, and some emotional processing,

​​Hippocampus

​More external and some internal anatomy of the brain!

Match

Match the following brain structures to their functions

• Brainstem

• Cerebellum

• Amygdala

• Hippocampus

vital functions like heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing

balance and coordination

Emotional Center

Long term memory

• vital functions like heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing

• balance and coordination

• Emotional Center

• Long term memory

Synthesizes important hormones for the body and controls the pituitary gland.

Hypothalamus

Master gland of the endocrine system; helps influence most hormone functions in the body.

Pituitary Gland

Major hub for information traveling back and forth between the spinal cord and cerebrum; relays sensory signals and motor signal; controls consciousness

Thalamus

​Connections to the Endocrine System

Match

Match the following

• Hypothalamus

• Thalamus

• Pituitary Gland

Makes hormones for your endocrine system, controls the pituitary gland

Relays sensory information to the lobes of the cerebrum

Controls the Endocrine System

• Makes hormones for your endocrine system, controls the pituitary gland

• Relays sensory information to the lobes of the cerebrum

• Controls the Endocrine System

Multiple Choice

Which part of the brain is responsible for the cardiac and respiratory activities?

• cerebelum

• brainstem

• cerebrum

• diencephalon

Multiple Choice

Which part of the brain is responsible for coordinating body's balance and posture?

• cerebelum

• brainstem

• cerebrum

• diencephalon

Multiple Choice

what controls your balance ?!

• thalamus 

• cerebellum

• basal ganglia

• frontal lobes

Multiple Choice

what controls your personality ?!

• parietal lobes

• occipital lobes

• temporal lobes

• frontal lobes

Multiple Choice

what controls your reading and writing ?!

• parietal lobes

• brainstem

• thalamus

• motor strip

Multiple Choice

what controls your heart rate ?

• motor stip

• sensory strip

• cerebellum

• brainstem

Multiple Choice

what controls your sight ?

• occipital lobes

• temporal lobes

• parietal lobes

• brainstem

Multiple Choice

What is #1?

• Frontal Lobe

• Parietal Lobe

• Cerebellum

• Occipital Lobe

Multiple Choice

What is #2?

• Frontal Lobe

• Temporal Lobe

• Medulla Oblongata

• Occipital Lobe

Multiple Choice

The hypothalamus contains a control centre for many functions of the autonomic nervous system, and it has effects on the

• Endocrine System

• Exocrine system

• Excretory system

• Circulatory system

Multiple Choice

(produces hormones that affect growth and reproduction) is the fuction of which of the following endocrine glands?

• Pancreas

• Pituitary Gland

• Pineal

• Thymus

Multiple Choice

It is the switching station that sends sensory information to the proper areas of the cortex.

• Cerebellum

• Thalamus

• Hypothalamus

• Hippocampus

Multiple Choice

It is responsible for strong memories and remembering locations of objects.

• Cerebellum

• Thalamus

• Hypothalamus

• Hippocampus

Multiple Choice

It controls our fear responses and memory of fearful stimuli.

• Amygdala

• Hippocampus

• Thalamus

• Hypothalamus

Multiple Choice

What is #3?

• Frontal Lobe

• Parietal Lobe

• Temporal Lobe

• Occipital Lobe

Multiple Choice

What is #7?

• Occipital Lobe

• Parietal Lobe

• Temporal Lobe

• Cerebellum

Multiple Choice

the red portion is the ________

• Cerebrum

• Cerebellum

• Brain Stem

• Diencephalon

Multiple Choice

hearing ability

• parietal

• temporal

• occipital

• frontal

​In a reflex arc, a receptor senses a stimulus, and sends a message via a sensory neuron. This sensory neuron goes to a integration center in the brain or spinal cord. Then a message is sent using a motor neuron to an effector, to create a response.

​Signaling arcs allow us to react quickly to stimuli!

​Reflexes and Reactions both use signaling arcs, but have some important differences!

Match

Match the following descriptions

• Speed of a Reflex

• Speed of a Reaction

• Description of Reaction

• Description of Reflex

Sometimes fast, sometimes slow

Always fast

Somatic

Autonomic

• Sometimes fast, sometimes slow

• Always fast

• Somatic

• Autonomic

Match

Match the following

• Description of Reflexes

• Description of Reactions

• Interneurons for reflexes are found in ...

• Interneurons for reactions are found in ...

involuntary

voluntary

spinal cord

brain

• involuntary

• voluntary

• spinal cord

• brain

Multiple Choice

What type of neuron is A?

• Sensory

• Inter

• Motor

Multiple Choice

What type of neuron is C?

• Sensory

• Inter

• Motor

Multiple Choice

Name an effector in this diagram.

• A

• B

• D

• E

• F

Multiple Select

Select two examples of effectors.

• Neuron

• Gland

• Muscle

• Receptor

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes a reflex?

• Slow response that you have to think about

• Rapid response to protect body from harm

Multiple Choice

_____ neurons carry messages away from the central nervous system and out to muscles or glands. The RED neuron in diagram.

• sensory

• motor

• inter

• central

Multiple Choice

Where would the nerve impulse start in this reflex arc?

• A

• C

• D

• E

Multiple Choice

Which is the correct order of neurons in a reflex arc?

• Sensory neuron, motor neuron, relay neuron

• Relay neuron, sensory neuron, motor neuron

• Sensory neuron, relay neuron, motor neuron

Multiple Choice

Which number represents the stimulus?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Which number represents the effector?

• 4

• 5

• 6

• 7