Evoultion Sub Day 1-17-23

Multiple Choice

Species are permanent and perfect; living forms are organized on a scale of increasing complexity

• Plato

• Aristotle

• Cuvier

• Hutton

Multiple Choice

Charles Lyell wrote a book called the Principles of Geology which Charles Darwin read during his famous voyage around the world. Lyell’s book contributed (Uniformitarianism) to Darwin’s Theory of Evolution by convincing Darwin that

• natural selection was responsible for the acquisition of new traits within a population when there was competition between species.

• giraffes had short necks until they stretched them while reaching for the higher leaves on trees and then passed these traits to their offspring.

• the earth was old and formed by slow-acting processes which Darwin applied to the evolution of living things.

• homologous structures, the fossil record, and vestigial structures were the best evidence for the evolution of species.

Multiple Choice

In the 1800s Jean-Baptiste Lamarck offered a hypothesis about evolution called the inheritance of acquired characteristics. Which of the following is an example of how Lamarck thought animals evolved?

• Fish mutated the genes necessary to develop lungs and were able to eventually survive on land.

• Giraffes once had short necks and stretched them reaching for leaves on trees, later passing the longer neck trait to their offspring.

• Dark moths, once outnumbered by light moths, began to survive longer and reproduce more after the industrial revolution turned the trees black.

• The earth has been here so long that animals have had plenty of time to adapt to their environment through natural selection.

Multiple Choice

What is incorrect about Lamarck’s theory of how organisms evolve?

• He did not explain how traits were passed on to offspring.

• He did not explain why an animal would need to develop new traits.

• He did not explain why changes in the environment caused an organism’s behavior to change.

• He did not explain how competition might help animals to develop traits.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best describes Jean-Baptiste Lamarck's contribution to the theory of evolution?

• He published a book that convinced others that the earth is old and formed by slow-acting processes.

• He suggested that organisms changed gradually in response to their environment, and passed on acquired characteristics.

• His work convinced Darwin that organisms overpopulate and compete for resources.

• He developed a theory of evolution very similar to Darwin's theory at about the same time.

Multiple Choice

Evolution is best defined as:

• the process which organisms die.

• the process which organisms change over time.

• the process which organisms that are extinct become revived.

• the process which non-living things fossilize.

Multiple Choice

What important idea from Thomas Malthus inspired Darwin?

• Disease and a limited food supply keep the population smaller.

• The plants and animals that are strongest are the ones that will survive adverse conditions.

• Plants and animals are capable of inheriting characteristics from their parents.

• Species are more likely to adapt if they are subjected to varying environments.

Multiple Choice

What most likely caused the finches on the Galapagos Islands to have beaks that were differnt from the finches living on the South American mainland?

• They were different types of food available on the island.

• The finches on the islands had to drink salt water.

• There were different types of predators living on the island.

• The finches on the mainland built different types of nests.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT part of Darwin's original theory of evolution?

• Natural selection eliminates the least fit organisms from the population.

• Members of the population compete for resources.

• Gene mutations add more diversity to the population.

• Those that have the best traits survive and reproduce.

Multiple Choice

Darwin saw populations of various species that seemed well-suited to their environment. What did this suggest?

• The species Darwin saw were all related to each other.

• Species had been introduced to particular areas by humans on purpose.

• Species might be able to adapt to their surroundings over time.

• Some environments rarely ever change.