Modern Genetics Test Review

TEST REVIEW

DNA & MOLECULAR GENETICS

When is the TEST?

A. Nucleic Acids

1.

Identify the function of each (in terms of protein synthesis):
a.DNA -

b.mRNA-

c.tRNA-

A. Nucleic Acids

2. Draw and Label the following nucleotides:

a.

DNA

b. RNA

B. Base Pairing

1.DNA TO DNA (Replication)

A-

A-

T-

C-

G-

C-

2. DNA TO mRNA (Transcription)

A-

A-

T-

C-

G-

C-

C. DNA Replication

1.Where?

2.When?

3.Outcome?

D. Protein Synthesis

1.

Transcription + Location

DNA:

TAC GGA ATA ACA CCC TCT TTT AAA ACT

mRNA:

D. Protein Synthesis

2. Translation: mRNA on line 1 (from #1), tRNA on Line 2, Amino Acids on Line3. Where does this take place?

mRNA:

tRNA:

Amino Acids:

D. Protein Synthesis

3a. Mutations - change base #19 of the original DNA to an “A”

a.

What is the new amino acid sequence?

b.

Would the protein function? Explain

c.

Would this person benefit from genetic engineering?

D. Protein Synthesis

3b. Mutations - change base #21 of the original sequence to a “C”

a.

What is the new amino acid sequence?

b.

Would the protein function? Explain

c.

Does this person require any therapy? Explain.

D. Protein Synthesis

3c. Mutations

Will a mutation in a skin cell be passed on to future offspring? Explain.

D. Protein Synthesis

4. Proteins:

1.

What are proteins made of?

2.

The___________of the protein is important for the protein to function

correctly.

E. Chromosomes + Genes

1.

What is the relationship between chromosomes and genes?

2.

Rank in order from largest to smallest:
a.Gene, DNA, Chromosome, Genome, Nucleus, Codon

3.

Do skin cells contain different genes than muscle cells? Explain your answer.

F. What is this? How is it caused?

What are these?

G. Central Dogma?

Calculate the % of each base if a sample of DNA is
known to contain 22% Adenine.

A

T

C

G

22%

____

____

____

DNA

RNA

Amino Acid

GTA

______

__________

TAC

______

__________

CAG

______

__________

TCA

______

__________

TTT

______

__________

GTC

______

__________

Provide a title for this image___________________

-What will the bacterial cell do with the
“new” genetic information?

__________________________________

__________________________________

Why would this be done?

Compare the 4 “new” cells to the original

“Original” cell

4 “new” cells

1.How does sheep X compare to sheep x clone?

________________________________________________________

2.How does sheep X clone genetically compare to the surrogate sheep
and the egg donor?
_______________________________________________________

What is this called?__________________________

Identify the abnormality:

_________________________________________

Which disorder would this person have?

_________________________________________

BIOETHICS

What are ethics? What is
“ethical” behavior?

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

_______________________________________

The Human Genome Project