Ch. 4-5 & 4-6 Notes (Plant Responses & Growth + Everyday Use)

Plant Responses and Growth & Plants in Everyday Life

After this lesson you will be able to identify (3) stimuli that produce plant responses, be able to describe how plants respond to seasonal changes, and know how plants are important to us on a daily.

1. What are (3) stimuli that produce plant responses?

2. How do plants respond to seasonal changes?

3. How are plants important to everyday life?

​Key Questions

Chapter 4 Lesson 5 & 6

Read the selection and answer the question.

Make sure ALL of Chapter 4 "My Planet Diary" entries are GROUPED TOGETHER!!!

BINDER CHECK ON THURSDAY

​

My Planet Diary pg. 144 and pg. 150

Vocabulary

• tropism

• hormone

• auxin

• photoperiodism

• critical night length

• short-day plant

• long-day plant

• day-neutral plant

• dormancy

• peat

1. tropism- plant's growth response toward or away from a stimulus

2. hormone- chemical that affects how the plant grows and develops

3. auxin- plant hormone that speeds up the rate a plant's cells grow and control a plant's response to light

4. photoperiodism- plant's response to seasonal changes in length of night and day

5. critical rate length- number of hours of darkness that determines whether or not a plant will flower

6. short-day plants- flower when the nights are longer

7. long-day plants- flower when nights are shorter than critical length

8. day-neutral plants- flowering cycle that is not sensitive to periods of light and dark

9. dormancy- period when an organism's growth or activity stops

10. peat- over time, mosses become compressed into layers and form a blackish brown material

​Definitions

Animals usually respond to stimuli by moving while plants usually move toward or away from the stimulus. A plant's growth response toward or away from a stimulus is called a tropism. If a plant grows toward the stimulus it is showing positive tropism and if it grows away it is showing negative tropism.

Tropisms

What Are (3) Stimuli That

Produce Plant Responses?

​Touch, gravity, and light are three important stimuli that trigger growth responses, or tropisms, in plants.

(3) Important Stimuli

​Light

Gravity

Touch

​Plants that respond to touch are thigomotropism. The prefix thigmo comes from the Greek word that means "touch."

​Plants can respond to gravity and its called gravitropism. Gravity pulls things...DOWN!

Roots grow down=positive

Stems grow up= negative

​All plants respond to light which is called phototropism.

Growing to light= positive

Growing away= negative

Hormones & auxin pg. 146

How do plants respond to seasonal changes?

Photoperiodism

The amount of darkness a plant receives determines the time of flowering in many plants. A plant's response to seasonal changes in the length of night and day is called photoperiodism. Plants respond differently to the length of nights and some only bloom when the night lasts a certain amount of time which is called critical night length.

Flowering plants can be grouped as short-day plants, long-day plants, and day-neutral plants.

​

Photoperiodism

​Winter Dormancy

• Some plants prepare differently than others for certain seasons. As winter draws near, many plants prepare to go into a state of dormancy. Dormancy is a period when an organism's growth or activity stops. Dormancy helps plants survive freezing temperatures and the lack of liquid water.

• With trees, the first visible change is the leaves begin changing color. Changes in color is affected due to less chlorophyll being made in the cooler weather. Next the leaves begin falling which signal the tree is ready for winter.

Multiple Choice

What are the (3) stimuli that produce responses in plant and give the name for each response?​ ​

• touch, gravity, light

• touch, gravy, light

• torch, gravity, lite

• touch, gravy, light

Match

Match the following stimuli with their response names:

• touch

• gravity

• light

thigmotropism

gravitropism

phototropism

• thigmotropism

• gravitropism

• phototropism

Open Ended

What is gravitropism? How can a plant show both a positive and negative gravitropism?

Plants in Everyday Life

Lesson 6 pg. 150

How Are Plants Important

To Everyday Life.

• What did you have for breakfast today? Chances are you already eaten something today that came from plants. Besides, providing food, plants play many roles on Earth. In addition to food, plants provide habitats. Plants can clean the water and protect the soil in an environment. Plants are also the base of many products important to human life, such as medicines, paper, and clothing.

• Plants play many roles in our ecosystem.

• What is the term for organisms that make their own food?

• How do organisms that cannot make their own food survive?

How People Use Plants

• People have found ways to use almost all plants.

• Many people use moss in agriculture and gardening.

• Describe what peat is. (pg. 152)

• Gymnosperms provide many useful products such as paper and lumber.

• Angiosperms are an important source of food, clothing, and medicine.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following products is NOT made from angiosperms?

• furniture

• turpentine

• medicine

• clothing

Multiple Choice

Plants play a role in the environment by doing what?

• preventing soil from washing away

• providing habitats for animals

• providing food for animals

• all of the above

Multiple Choice

True or False

Angiosperms are an important source of food.

• False

• True

Open Ended

You may not have realized how many things, like clothes and sports equipment, are made of plants. For example cereal, cotton clothes, and houses made of wood come from plants.

List at least 5 things in your everyday life that come from plants.

Multiple Choice

What is the definition for peat?

• compressed layers of moss that form a blackish-brown material

• compressed layers of dirt that are hard to the touch

• The Principal of Millwood Arts Academy

• blackish-brown material used to make mud for huts