3.1 Computer Architecture - L1

Computer Science(0478)

IGCSE

3.1 Computer Architecture

Computer

Architecture

Objectives:

Lesson Outcomes:

Grade D - E

Grade B - C

Grade A – A*

At the end of the students will be able to:

•Briefly describe the role of the central
processing unit (CPU) in a computer.

•Briefly describe what is meant by a
microprocessor.

•Describe the role of the central
processing unit (CPU) in a computer.

•Explain what is meant by a
microprocessor.

•Discuss the role of the central
processing unit (CPU) in a computer.

•Explain the purpose of the
components in a CPU, in a computer
that has a Von Neumann architecture.

3.1 Computer Architecture

Starter

Found out how eniac machine worked

Read about Von Neumann and the work he did

List components found insider System unit

Open Ended

STARTER

Answer 1 of the following questions:

A) Found out how eniac machine worked

B) Read about Von Neumann and the work he did

C) List components found insider System unit

3.01 Von Neumann architecture

• In 1943: ENIAC machine

• In 1945: John von Neumann

proposed new computer system
model

• This model is called Von

Nuemann architecture

• This model proposed that

instructions to stored alongside
with data.

3.01 Von Neumann architecture

o computer that stores instructions in

digital memory.

o Programs stored on secondary device

o Modern stored-program keeps its

instructions and data in RAM.

o Data and instructions are moved to

registers for execution

o it is possible for more than one program

to be stored in a computer.

o instructions are fetched one at a time

Von Neumann architecture

• This model consist of three main
sections:

o CPU
o Storage

- Secondary storage
- Primary memory(RAM and ROM)
- Cache memory
- Registers

oInput and output devices

Role of the CPU

• The CPU processes instructions and data that are

input into the computer so that the result can be
output.

• A microprocessor is a type of integrated circuit

on a single chip

• Understand the role of the central processing unit (CPU) in a computer

• Understand what is meant by a microprocessor

Components in a CPU

• Control Unit(CU)

• Arithmetic Logic Unit(ALU)

• Registers

o Program Counter(PC)

o Memory Address Register (MAR)

o Memory Data Register (MDR)

o Current Instruction Register (CIR)

o Accumulator (ACC)

• Understand the purpose of the components in a CPU, in a computer that has a Von Neumann architecture

Components in a CPU

• Buses

o Address bus

o Data bus

o Control bus

• Understand the purpose of the components in a CPU, in a computer that has a Von Neumann architecture

Components in a CPU

• Control Unit(CU)

o
Internal part of CPU

o
controls flow of data the CPU

o controls operation of memory,

processor and Input/Output

o Interpreted instructions

• Understand the purpose of the components in a CPU, in a computer that has a Von Neumann architecture

Components in a CPU

• Arithmetic Logic Unit(ALU)

o internal part of the CPU.

o carries out calculation and

comparison on data.

o values to be placed in the

accumulator.

• Understand the purpose of the components in a CPU, in a computer that has a Von Neumann architecture

Components in a CPU

• Immediate access store (IAS)

o memory found inside CPU

o holds data and instructions

o enables CPU to process data faster

• Understand the purpose of the components in a CPU, in a computer that has a Von Neumann architecture

Components in a CPU

Registers

o internal memory located in the CPU

o temporarily holds data and

instructions

o used to move data around

components

• Understand the purpose of the components in a CPU, in a computer that has a Von Neumann architecture

Components in a CPU

3.1 Computer Architecture

Activity

Complete the questions below:

• RED: Complete Question 18 - 35

• ORANGE: Complete Question 36 - 37

• GREEN: Complete Questions 38 - 39

Multiple Choice

The control unit controls other units by generating(IBPS clerk 2011)

• Control signal

• transfer signal

• timing signal

• command signal

Multiple Choice

This component is required to process data into information and consists of integrated circuits(SBI Clerk 2011)

• Hard disk

• CPU

• RAM

• ROM

Multiple Choice

The Central Processing Unit or CPU contains two sub-Components which are

• Main memory & Bus

• The Arithmetic/Logic Unit (ALU) and the control unit (CU)

• Input & Output Devices

Multiple Choice

Von Neumann architecture all modern computers are using

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

What architecture means for computers

• how the computer looks

• how computer runs or work

Multiple Choice

------------------it's job is to perform arithmetic and logic operations on data and

• The Arithmetic/Logic Unit(ALU)

• Bus

• Input Device

Multiple Choice

Architecture know as (Computer model)

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

How components of computers fit together is known as:

• Northbridge

• Southbridge

• Compuer slot

• computer architecture

Multiple Choice

What is the part of the CPU called that performs calculations?

• ALU

• Control Unit

• Program Counter

• Memory

Multiple Choice

Who is the computer architecture named after, where instructions and data are stored in memory and fetched, decoded and executed sequentially?

• Van Newman

• Von Neumann

• Vin Nowman

• Ven Numan

Multiple Choice

CPU means..........

• Computer processing unit

• Central processing unit

• Computer protection unit

• Control processing unit

Multiple Choice

CPU controls the computer

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

The Control Unit

• Controls the flow of data around the CPU and also decodes instructions

• Only controls the flow of data around the CPU

• Controls how much power is directed to all components within the computer

• Only decodes instructions

Multiple Choice

What does ALU stand for?

• arithmetic local unit

• arithmetic logic unit

• alternate logic uniform

• alternate logic unit

Multiple Choice

Which of the images below demonstrates the Von Neumann Architecture

Multiple Choice

What is the part of the CPU called that performs calculations?

• ALU

• Control Unit

• Program Counter

• Memory

Multiple Choice

This would perform an operation such as 5+8

• Arithmetic Logic Unit

• Accumulator

• Cache

• Control Unit

Multiple Choice

Extremely fast memory that is built into the CPU. Used as temporary stores for data and instructions.

• Cache Memory

• Flash Memory

• Registers

• Virtual Memory

Open Ended

Describe the role of CU (3)

Open Ended

Describe the role of ALU (3)

Open Ended

Discuss the role of Von Neuman architecture in reference to stored program concept. (5)

Open Ended

List different Registers (5)

3.1 Computer Architecture

Plenary

Students to post on Teams collaborative space either about:

•Reflection on what has been learnt

•Questions they may have

•Response to questions