Digestive System 1

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7:11 Digestive System

• Also called gastrointestinal system
• Physical and chemical breakdown of food for

use by the body

• System consists of the alimentary canal and

the accessory organs

• Refer to Figure 7-63 in Text

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Parts of the Alimentary Canal (continued)

• Large intestine

– About 5 feet long; 2 inches in diameter
– Cecum
– Colon
– Rectum

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Chapter 07

Anatomy and Physiology

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May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

7:11 Digestive System

• Also called gastrointestinal system
• Physical and chemical breakdown of food for

use by the body

• System consists of the alimentary canal and

the accessory organs

• Refer to Figure 7-63 in Text

Copyright © 2014 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved.

May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Parts of the Alimentary Canal

• Long muscular tube
• Begins at the mouth and ends at the anus
• Accessory organs

– Salivary glands, tongue, teeth, liver, gallbladder,

pancreas

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Parts of the Alimentary Canal (continued)

• Mouth: also called buccal cavity

– Teeth
– Tongue
– Hard palate
– Soft palate
– Salivary glands

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Parts of the Alimentary Canal (continued)

• Pharynx (throat)

– Carrier for both air and food
– Carries food bolus to the esophagus
– When bolus is swallowed, epiglottis closes to

prevent food from entering respiratory tract

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Parts of the Alimentary Canal (continued)

• Esophagus

– Muscular tube dorsal to the trachea
– Carries bolus to stomach
– Peristalsis moves food toward stomach

• Stomach

– Rugae

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Parts of the Alimentary Canal (continued)

• Small intestine

– About 20 feet long; 1 inch in diameter
– Receives food from the stomach as chyme
– Sections

• Duodenum
• Jejunum
• Ileum

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May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Parts of the Alimentary Canal (continued)

• Large intestine

– About 5 feet long; 2 inches in diameter
– Cecum
– Colon
– Rectum

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May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Accessory Organs

• Liver

– Largest gland in the body
– Accessory organ for digestive system

• Gallbladder

– Located under the liver
– Stores and concentrates bile

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Accessory Organs (continued)

• Pancreas

– Located behind the stomach
– Produces pancreatic juices to digest food
– Produces insulin, which is secreted into the

bloodstream; regulates metabolism of
carbohydrates to convert glucose to energy

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Diseases and Abnormal Conditions

• Appendicitis
• Cholecystitis
• Cirrhosis
• Constipation
• Diarrhea
• Diverticulitis
• Gastroenteritis
• GERD

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May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.

Diseases and Abnormal Conditions

• Hemorrhoids
• Hepatitis
• Hernia
• Pancreatitis
• Peritonitis
• Ulcer
• Ulcerative colitis