Industrial Revolution

Industrial Revolution

A period of change between 1760 and 1840 in which new sources of energy allowed machines to replace humans and animals.

1.) What were the causes of the industrial revolution?

2.) How did the industrial revolution change ways of life?

Guiding Questions

​Advances in farming made it easier to produce food. This made the population of people increase, which led to a greater demand for textiles, like cloth, blankets, clothes, etc.

How did the Industrial Revolution start?

Multiple Choice

What does THIS chart tell us about population growth during the Industrial Revolution?

• Population growth was increasing steadily until the Industrial Revolution

• Population growth was decreasing until the Industrial Revolution

• When the Industrial revolution started the population increased dramatically

• The population decreased dramatically after the Industrial Revolution started

In the 1760s a man names James Watt invented the Steam Engine

​that would be used in factories and mines. It would eventually power steamships, locomotives, and trains.

The Power of Steam

​This invention allowed people to travel

farther and faster. It also allowed goods to be transferred more quickly.

Multiple Choice

Cause and Effect:

The cause is the invention of the steam engine, the effect is...?

• It took jobs away from people in the factories

• it allowed people and goods to be transferred more quickly

• It allowed for goods to be made perfectly and without error

• It made more people move to the countryside so they could farm with this new technology

Now that steam power had created these more efficient ways to produce goods and travel factories no longer had to be near waterways.

Steam Power

Multiple Choice

Why did factories no longer need to be located near waterways?

• Because the invention of the steam engine allowed for goods to be transferred and produced more quickly

• Because you do not need water to produce steam

• Because the invention of the steam engine replaced the need for water

• Because the water is dangerous for the steam engine

Open Ended

According to the video why did steam technology become so popular?

Multiple Choice

True or False: steam is more powerful than water

• True

• False

BEFORE the industrial revolution goods were produced at home.

​

Before and After

​AFTER goods were produced in factories.

Multiple Choice

After the industrial revolution human and animal power was replaced with?

• Water and steam power

• Hands

• Farming

• Managed factories

​Enclosure is the process in which landowners enclosed large areas of land for mass farming.

Enclosures

Landowners began spending more money on machinery and used new techniques to improve productivity.

​This helped land owners become more wealthy but the poor struggled and were forced to move to cities to find work in factories

Multiple Choice

Who benefited from enclosures?

• The wealthy landowners

• Peasants

• Factory workers

• Rural commoners

Factory ​owners believed women and children were ideal workers because they could be more easily controlled.

Factory Life

• Low wages (pay)

• 12 to 14 hour workdays

• Strict rules and schedule

Multiple Choice

According to the video, What did women in factories get paid compared to men?

• Women got paid 1/3 or 1/2 of what men got paid

• Women got paid more

• Women got paid in food and clothes

• Women got paid 1/4 of what men got paid

Open Ended

According to the video, why could factory workers make wages (pay) so low?

The idea of an assembly line is that each worker is only responsible for one or two tasks, and repeat the same task over and over on different items as they pass along the line.

This speeds up production, benefits workers, and still is used in factories today (made famous in automobile factories)

Assembly Line

Too many people were coming to the cities to work and there was not enough housing.

​

​Early Industrial Cities

​People would move into row houses with 5 to 10 people sharing one room. There was no running water, toilets, or sewage system.

​Contaminated water and pollution led to many diseases and life was often short for people living in these conditions

Open Ended

How were living conditions in the cities during the Industrial Revolution? Give me examples.

Match

Match the following

• Assembly Line

• Enclosure

• Steam Engine

• Industrial Revolution

each worker is only responsible for one or two tasks, and repeat the same process over and over

process in which landowners enclosed large areas of land for mass farming.

an engine which uses steam from boiling water to make it move.

A period of change between 1760 and 1840 where energy allowed machines to replace humans and animals

• each worker is only responsible for one or two tasks, and repeat the same process over and over

• process in which landowners enclosed large areas of land for mass farming.

• an engine which uses steam from boiling water to make it move.

• A period of change between 1760 and 1840 where energy allowed machines to replace humans and animals