GEN 003 REVIEW

GEN 003 REVIEW

Multiple Choice

Which of the following would best differentiate science and technology?

• SCIENCE deals with learning new facts (discoveries) and solving problems (scientific method) while

  TECHNOLOGY deals with creating or inventing things that fulfill our needs and desires or perform certain functions.

• Science is a source of tools and techniques for more efficient engineering design and a knowledge base for evaluation of feasibility

  of designs.

• TECHNOLOGY deals with learning new facts (discoveries) and solving problems (scientific method) while

  SCIENCE deals with creating or inventing things that fulfill our needs and desires or perform certain functions.

• Science contributes to technology in many ways.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following would best support that idea that "technology contributes to science"?

• Source of otherwise unavailable instrumentation and techniques needed to address novel and more difficult

  scientific questions more efficiently.

• Provides new knowledge which serves as a direct source of ideas for new technological possibilities.

• All of the above

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Science and Technology in the ANCIENT TIMES (through 599 BCE) is divided into 3 periods:

• Stone age, Bronze age, Iron age

• Stone age, Gold age, Iron age

• Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic

• Stone age, Paleolithic, Mesolithic

1. Stone Age (Paleolithic, Mesolithic, & Neolithic)

2. Bronze Age

3. Iron Age

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Science and Technology in the ANCIENT TIMES (through 599 BCE) is divided into 3 periods:

1. Paleolithic (or Old Stone Age), Mesolithic

(or Middle Stone Age), and Neolithic (or New

Stone Age), this era is marked by the use of

tools by our early human ancestors (who

evolved around 300,000 B.C.)

​

During the Mesolithic period (about 10,000 B.C. to 8,000 B.C.), humans used small stone tools,

now also polished and sometimes crafted with points and attached to antlers, bone or wood to serve

as spears and arrows.

In the Paleolithic period (roughly 2.5

million years ago to 10,000 B.C.),

early humans lived in caves or simple

huts or tepees and were hunters and

gatherers. They used basic stone and

bone tools, as well as crude stone

axes, for hunting birds and wild

animals.

During the Neolithic period (roughly 8,000 B.C. to 3,000 B.C.), ancient humans switched from hunter/gatherer mode to agriculture and food production. They domesticated animals and cultivated cereal grains. They used polished hand axes, adzes for ploughing and tilling the land and started to settle in the plains.

2. During the Bronze Age (about 3,000 B.C. to 1,300 B.C.), metalworking advances were made, as bronze, a copper and tin alloy, was discovered.

​

3. The discovery of ways to heat and forge iron kicked off the Iron Age (roughly 1,300 B.C. to 900 B.C.).

At the time, the metal was seen as more precious than

gold, and wrought iron (which would be replaced by steel with the advent of smelting iron) was easier to

manufacture than bronze.

​

Multiple Choice

During this stage of human history, all humans were hunter-gatherers.

• Iron age

• Stone age

• Bronze age

• Middle ages

Multiple Choice

During this period, there has been a vast improvement in communication and transportation. But on the other hand, poverty rose due to war, famine and illnesses.

• Modern Age

• Middle Age

• Stone Age

• Bronze Age

Multiple Choice

Who is considered as the initiator of the Scientific Revolution?

• Aristotle

• Charles Darwin

• Nicholas Copernicus

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

He was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution.

• Charles Darwin

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Sigmund Freud

• Alfred Wallace

• The Copernican and the Darwinian Revolutions may be seen as the two stages of the one Scientific Revolution.

• They jointly ushered in the beginning of science in the modern sense of the word: explanation through natural laws.

• Darwin's theory of natural selection accounts for the “design” of organisms, and for their wondrous diversity, as the result of natural processes, the gradual accumulation of spontaneously arisen variations (mutations) sorted out by natural selection.

• The discoveries by Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo, Newton, and others, in the 16th and 17th centuries, had gradually ushered in a conception of the universe as matter in motion governed by natural laws. It was shown that Earth is not the center of the universe but a small planet rotating around an average star; that the universe is immense in space and in time; and that the motions of the planets around the sun can be explained by the same simple laws that account for the motion of physical objects on our planet, laws such as ƒ = m × a (force = mass × acceleration) or the inverse-square law of attraction, ƒ = g(m₁m₂)/r² (the force of attraction between two bodies is directly proportional to their masses, but inversely related to the square of the distance between them).

Multiple Choice

His theories on child sexuality,libido and the ego, among other topics, were some of the most influential academic concepts of the 20th century.

• Sigmund Freud

• Charles Darwin

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Alfred Wallace

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is considered as Sigmund Freud's contribution in the scientific world? 

• He created an important observational method to collect accurate data to research the inner soul of humans.

• He created an important observational method to collect accurate data to research the inner life of humans.

• He created an important observational method to collect accurate data to research the inner body of humans.

• He created an important observational method to collect accurate data to research the inner soul of living things

Multiple Choice

Which of the following statements is more likely true when someone is fixated in the oral stage?

• ego strength will develop

• confusion over sexual identity or engaging in sexual deviances

• tendency to thumb suck

• the person will become more organized

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is true about oedipus complex?

• a desire for sexual involvement with the parent of the same sex and a concomitant sense of rivalry with the parent of the same sex

• a desire for sexual involvement with the parent of the opposite sex and a concomitant sense of rivalry with the parent of the same sex

• a desire for sexual involvement with the parent of the opposite sex and a concomitant sense of rivalry with the parent of the opposite sex

• none of the above

Multiple Choice

What personality will be developed by a child if there is a successful completion of each stage of psychosexual development by Sigmund Freud?

• Disturbed personality

• Mystified personality

• Fixated personality

• Healthy personality

WHAT IS THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD?

The logical process adopted by scientists to develop knowledge of nature and present it as acceptable fact. This method is based on gathering empirical data through observation and

experimentation and the formulation and testing of hypotheses.

​STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Multiple Choice

Which of the following shows the correct order of scientific inquiry? 

• observing, testing, analyzing, presenting phenomena

• conducting experiment, observing, testing, analyzing

• guessing hypothesis, observing, testing, analyzing

• observing, testing, analyzing, gathering information

What are virtues?

Aristotle sees virtues as character traits and tendencies to act in a particular way. We gain them through practice and by copying 'moral exemplars' until we manage to internalize the virtue. We become temperate by practicing temperance, courageous by practicing courage, and so on. Eventually, the virtue becomes a habit.

In Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle discusses the following eleven (11) virtues:

1) Courage

2) Temperance

3) Generosity

4) Magnificence

5) Magnanimity

6) Right ambition

7) Patience

8) Truthfulness

9) Wittiness

10) Friendliness

11) Justice

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the deficit/opposite of the virtue of generosity?

• greediness

• kindness

• boastfulness

• cheapstake

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is the deficient of the virtue friendliness?

• introvertness

• over familiarity

• selflessness

• cruelty

Open Ended

What is the good life?