EOC Practice 2

Multiple Choice

Some small fish attach themselves to the body of a shark without harming it and feed up its left-over  food. This relationship between the shark and the fish is an example of ____.

• competition

• commensalism

• mutualism

• Parasitism

Multiple Choice

Increased CO2 has led to environmental damage such as ocean acidification. Ocean acidification  occurs when increase CO2 levels in the ocean harm shellfish. There are many processes that release  CO2 into the atmosphere, which of the following causes the most increase of these CO2 emissions in  the United States?

• Fires which are considered a type of secondary succession

• Vehicles, such as cars, buses and motorboats

• Electricity generating power

• Renewable resources, such as hydropower and solar power

Multiple Choice

Which statement best describes the relationship  between two of the organisms shown in the food web?

• Phytoplankton are producer organisms that receive energy from krill

• Squid are consumer organisms that provide energy to penguins

• Penguins are producer organisms that provide energy to krill

• Squid are consumer organisms that receive energy from penguin

Multiple Choice

 The figures below show the time sequence of a shell-based plankton, due to an increase of carbon  dioxide emissions. Identify which factor directly causes the change in the shell.

• ocean pollution

• climate change

• ocean acidification

• declining quality

Multiple Choice

The global ocean conveyor belt serves as the Earth’s air conditioning system. Which statement best describes how this interconnected flow of currents moderates the world’s climate?

• It keeps surface water cool

• It helps to cool temperatures in the tropic

• It moderates world climate by moving water through ocean currents.

• It moderates world climate by redistributing heat away from the tropics

Multiple Choice

Changes in climate have a major impact on biological communities. Which of the following would not be an effect from increased global temperatures?

• Ocean sea levels will fall

• Ocean currents will change.

• Coastal wetlands may flood

• Whale migration patterns will change

Multiple Choice

What types of aquatic organisms would be expected in the Intertidal Zone?

• no organisms

• all types of organisms

• organisms that could survive the harsh environment

• varied organisms during high tide but none during low tide

Multiple Choice

Scientists consider risks and benefits of genetically modifying organisms (GMOs), considering both short-term and long-term effects. Which situation below is the best example of a biotechnology that would be a benefit to our society, while minimizing negative environmental effects?

• Bacteria have been genetically engineered to increase plastic pollution in the ocean

• Fish have been genetically modified to grow more quickly, resulting in overpopulation

• An “antifreeze” gene from Arctic flounder has been introduced into strawberries to extend the growing period.

• Catfish have been genetically modified so their barbels (whiskers) do not sting when fishermen catch them, leading to exploitation of resources

Multiple Choice

In the carbon cycle, cellular respiration is the process responsible for the conversion of carbon containing sugars into carbon dioxide gas, which can then become part of the atmosphere. What  process can remove this gas from the atmosphere and return it to the biosphere?

• Fermentation

• Glycolysis

• Photosynthesis

• Transpiration

Multiple Choice

Which factor contributes to the growth and intensity of hurricanes?

• cool air mass

• increased air pressure

• mountain ranges

• warm, tropical water

Multiple Choice

In 2018, over 126 million people visited Florida for the purpose of tourism. These tourists can cause  devastating impacts to our fragile coastal area and marine life. Which of the following is an example  of how tourism can negatively affect our coastline?

• decreased use of Florida’s natural resources

• cruise ships dumping garbage and sewage into oceans

• more money available to spend on environmental projects

• increase of habitats for marine life

Multiple Choice

Scientists are investigating the cause of the large increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide  concentration since about 1800. Which of the following provides the best explanation for the  increase?

• eruptions of large volcanoes

• use of fossil fuels by humans

• natural fluctuations of climate

• photosynthesis by phytoplankton

Multiple Choice

 When fertilizers run off farmland into streams and ponds, the nitrogen content of the water  increases. This can lead to rapid growth of algae in a process called eutrophication. How can this  process affect other organisms in the water?

• The water becomes better able to support aerobic organisms.

• The algae provide food for fishes and other organisms, leading to decreased algae populations.

• Oxygen is used up as algae is decomposed, reducing the amount available to other organisms.

• The extra nitrogen provides additional food for the other organisms, increasing their population.

Multiple Choice

Many fish and aquatic plants can survive a cold winter because the layer of ice that forms at the top  of the ocean insulates the water below and prevents the lake from freezing solid. What unique  property of water contributes to this effect?

• Water absorbs heat when it evaporates and forms a gas

• Water expands and becomes less dense when it freezes

• Water molecules separate into ions in solutions.

• Water forms hydrogen bonds with ions and other polar substances.

Multiple Choice

 A scientist plans to study tiny organisms containing enzymes that function in a high temperature  environment. Which of these statements best describes the first step in the investigation? 

• Graphing data relating to the organisms

• Collecting and recording observations about the organisms

• Making conclusions concerning the organisms

• Sharing information about the organisms with other scientists

Multiple Choice

This ocean zone is also known as the sunlight zone

• epipelagic

• mesopelagic

• bathypelagic

• abysalpelagic

• hadalpelagic

Multiple Choice

Coral polyps get nutrition from the zooxanthellae and the zooxanthellae get a place to stay. what type of relationship is this?

• commensalism

• mutualism

• parasitism

• competition

Multiple Choice

When coral expel zooxanthellae they become white in color, this is called....

• ocean acidification

• global warming

• coral bleaching

• none of these

Multiple Choice

In the process of Natural Selection, variations that are most adaptive for survival are selected. The most adaptive variations are selected by

• individual organisms.

• environmental conditions.

• populations of organisms.

• mutated genes.

Multiple Choice

Two wolf packs live in neighboring forests. During the mating season, individuals will move to each other’s areas to breed. Which evolutionary mechanism is this an example of?

• Gene flow

• Nonrandom mating

• Genetic drift

• Founder effect