EngineeringFundamentalsReview_ Toughest Questions

Engineering Fundamentals Review

tougher questions

Laws

Physics/ Science Laws matter because we can use them to predict behavior so we know how to use things in our designs

the pressure at a point in a fluid at rest is the same in all directions

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​Pascal's Law

A fluid at rest in a closed container, a pressure change in one part is transmitted (without loss) to every portion of the fluid and to the walls of the container.

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Pascal's Principle

Multiple Choice

The amount of force pushing on an area is the definition of....

• Fluid

• Viscosity

• Barometer

• Pressure

Multiple Choice

A force is applied in a closed container, the pressure increases the same amount. EX: squeezing a water bottle or toothpaste

• Archimede's Principle

• Pascal's Principle

• Bernoulli's Principle 

Multiple Choice

What is the pressure in the hydraulic fluid?

• 1210 N

• 500 N/m2

• 8000 N

• 3025 N/m²

Multiple Choice

Which statement correctly describes pressure?

• the applied force that acts on an object

• force per unit area

• the area to which a force is applied

• force times surface area

Fluid Properties

depending on what fluid is used, behavior of systems will vary

mass/volume

denoted as ρ

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Density of a fluid

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the physical property that characterizes the flow resistance of simple fluids

​Viscosity of a fluid

​the property of a fluid by virtue of its offers resistance to the movement of one layer of fluid over an adjacent layer

dynamic viscosity written as μ

Multiple Choice

What does the constant ρ represent?

• power in watts

• acceleration doe to gravity

• density of a fluid

• viscosity

Multiple Choice

What does the constant μ represent?

• power in watts

• acceleration doe to gravity

• density of a fluid

• viscosity

Multiple Choice

What is the greatest benefit of using hydraulics?

• The multiplication of speed

• The multiplication of operating time

• The multiplication of fuel efficiency

• The multiplication of force

Multiple Choice

A person wearing steel toe capped boots and a person wearing stilleto heels stand on a wooden floor. They both have the same weight. Which person exerts a greater pressure on the floor?

• The person wearing the boots because the boots have a larger surface area in contact with the floor

• The person with the stiletto heels because they have a larger surface area in contact with the floor

• The person wearing the boots because the boots have a smaller surface area in contact with the floor 

• The person with the stiletto heels because they have a smaller surface area in contact with the floor

Multiple Choice

Hydraulics use liquids as a force to do work.

• True

• False

a push or pull upon an object resulting from the object's interaction with another object

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Forces

• ​magnitude (how big)

• direction (where is it going)

• point of application (what is directed towards)

​

​Forces are categorized or defined by

Multiple Select

How are forces defined? Select all that apply.

• magnitude

• direction

• point of application

• velocity

forces can cause a variety of types of motion

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​Types of motion

Match

Match the following

• motion in a straight line

• motion in a circle

• back and forth motion

• back and forth motion about a pivot point

linear

rotational

reciprocal

oscillating

• linear

• rotational

• reciprocal

• oscillating

Multiple Choice

What type of motion is defined as when an object moves along its axis and all the parts of it move for a different distance in a given period of time? Examples include merry-go-rounds and blades of a fan

• Rotational

• Oscillatory

• Circular

• Reciprocal

Multiple Choice

What type of motion involves motion back and forth in an arc or pendulum swing or windshield wiper?

• oscillation

• rotary

• reciprocal

• linear

toothed, mechanical transmission elements used to transfer motion and power between machine components

used to change direction, speed, or torque

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​Gears

​force multiplier

​speed

multiplier

Drag and Drop

A larger driving gear attached to a smaller driven gear (often attached to a wheel) will cause an ​

Placeholder

speed.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

increased

decreased

Drag and Drop

A smaller driving gear attached to a larger driven gear (often attached to a wheel) will cause an​ increased ​

Placeholder

​ .

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

torque

speed

• spur

• herringbone, helical

• bevel

• worm

• rack and pinion

• internal

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Types of gears

simple gear with teeth parallel to the gear axis, they are used to transmit power between parallel shafts

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Spur Gears

​used in mixers, washing machines, bikes, clocks

​easy to manufacture, low cost and high efficiency, but noisy

used to transfer heavy loads because the longer teeth allow for more power transfer

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Herringbone and helical

have teeth inclined to the gear axis

​

quieter than spur gears, lower efficiency than spur gears

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cone surface with teeth cut into it

Bevel Gears

transfers motion in perpendicular directions at high velocity ratios

used in lathe machines, garden equipment, automotive differentials

used for compact drives, quieter operation, and right-angle skew shafts

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Worm gears

includes a sliding contact of a worm (like a screw) and a worm gear (helical gear)

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found in elevators, tuning instruments, off road vehicles

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a gear rack consists of same-sized and shaped teeth cut at equal distances along a flat surface or a straight rod

Rack and pinion

it converts rotational motion into linear motion by meshing with a cylindrical gear pinion

used in car steering wheel rotation into side motion of wheels, lifting mechanisms, and shaper machines

Internal gears

have gear teeth generated in the internal diameter of a cylinder

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ideal for high power transmission, small in size

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also known as ring gear, and often used in internal gear drive, simple pairs and internal planetary drives

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Multiple Choice

• Helical Gear

• Worm Gear

• Miter Gear

• Rack & Pinion

Multiple Choice

• Internal Gear

• Spur Gear

• Helical Gear

• Spiral Bevel Gear

Multiple Choice

• Spiral Bevel Gear

• Spur Gear

• Rack & Pinion Gear

• Straight Bevel Gear

Multiple Choice

• Spur Gear

• Internal Gear

• Miter Gear

• Double Helical Gear

Multiple Choice

• Spur Gear

• Internal Gear

• Miter Gear

• Double Helical Gear

Multiple Choice

• Internal Gear

• Spur Gear

• Miter Gear

• Double Helical Gear

Multiple Choice

• Rack & Pinion Gear

• Worm Gear

• Miter Gear

• Double Helical Gear

Multiple Choice

If the small gear is driving the large gear, what is happening to the torque?

• Torque is increasing

• Torque is decreasing

• Torque remains constant

• Not enough information to answer the question