Tutoring Log Make up Assigment

Multiple Choice

What organelle is found in all eukaryotic cells but NOT in prokaryotic cells?

• cell wall

• nuclues

• cell membrane

• cytoplasm

Multiple Choice

4A Students use a microscope to look for structures present in four different cells. The students placed an X for each structure that was viewed for each cell on the table shown.

Which cell that was viewed is most likely a prokaryote?

• Cell W

• Cell X

• Cell Y

• Cell Z

Multiple Choice

____________ & _________________ are organelles that definitely arose from endosymbiosis.

• Rough ER & Smooth ER

• Mitochondria & Flagellum

• Chloroplast & Mitochondria

• Chloroplast and Golgi apparatus

Multiple Choice

The theory of Endosymbiosis explains

• The origin of eukaryotes

• How species develop

• How bacteria live

• Why cells rely on one another

Multiple Choice

which two processes is this diagram showing us?

• energy conversions and synthesis of new molecules

• synthesis of new molecules and homeostasis

• transport of molecules and energy conversions

• homeostasis and transport of molecules

Multiple Choice

A scientist is investigating cell transport. She observes molecules being transported into a cell through proteins present in the cell membrane. These proteins do not use energy to transport the molecules. Which of the following best explains the type of cell transport observed by the scientist?

• Active transport because membrane proteins were used

• Diffusion because the molecules were entering the cell

• Facilitated diffusion because the proteins were not using energy

• Osmosis because the molecules were moving against the concentration gradient

Multiple Choice

4B A type of cellular transport is shown.

Which description best identifies this type of cellular transport?

• Active transport, because energy is being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

• Facilitated diffusion, because energy is being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Osmosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules with the concentration gradient

• Endocytosis, because energy is not being used to move molecules against the concentration gradient

Multiple Choice

4C: Which of these describes a difference between viruses and cells?

• Cells contain protein, and viruses only contain carbohydrates

• Viruses have flagella, and cells have only cilia

• Cells reproduce independently, and viruses require a host to reproduce

• Viruses have membranes made of proteins, and cells have membranes made of nucleic aci

Multiple Choice

What do viruses have in common with living cells? They both...

• store genetic information

• have chloroplasts

• use glucose for cellular respiration

• have endoplasmic reticulum

Multiple Choice

4C A person infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may not have any symptoms for a period of time. During this period the virus affects the body by doing which of the following?

• The virus produces toxins that weaken immune cells and prevent them from reproducing.

• The virus damages immune cells while using their machinery to produce copies of itself.

• The virus uses nutrients meant for immune cells to fuel its own cellular respiration.

• The virus changes the identity of the nucleotides of immune cells to prevent the immune system from functioning normally.

Match

Match the following:

Prophase

Metapase

Anaphase

Telophase

Cytokinesis

• Prophase

• Metapase

• Anaphase

• Telophase

• Cytokinesis

Multiple Select

Cancer: Select all that apply.

• are smaller than cells

• Uncontrolled cell growth

• Disruption in cell cycle

• Normal cells

• Failure in the cell cycle

Multiple Choice

The diagram represents the cell cycle checkpoints. When cells leave the cell cycle, they exit during G1 phase and then enter G0 phase, a resting period.Most normal cells can leave G0  phase and reenter the cell cycle at G1 phase before entering S phase.Cancer cells are different because they cannot enter G0 phase and are likely to do which of the following?

• Fail to complete S phase

• Mutate during G1 phase

• Repeat the cell cycle continuously

• Die after completing mitosis

Multiple Choice

Gene expression is regulated by:

• Internal factors

• External factors

• Both

Draw

Label the DNA strand below: Include bases (Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine), Sugar, and phosphate

Multiple Choice

6A A segment of DNA is represented in the illustration

How is information for a specific protein carried on the DNA molecule?

• As a sequence of nucleotides

• In the double-helix shape of the condensed chromosome

• In the ratio of adenines to thymines

• As a pattern of phosphates and sugars

Multiple Choice

6A Each strand of a DNA molecule contains nitrogenous bases that pair with other nitrogenous bases in very specific ways. A diagram of a section of DNA is shown.

3' T G T A G C T G C G C G T 5'

Which DNA strand is complementary to the one shown above?

• 5' A G U G C U G C G C G U A 3'

• 5' T G T A G C T G C G C G T 3'

• 5' A C A T C G A C G C G C A 3'

• 5' T C G C G C A G C T A C A 3'

Multiple Choice

6C Which of the following polypeptides is coded for by the mRNA sequence ′5 AUGGUUAAACGACAAUCC 3'?

• Val, Lys, Phe, Gly, Ser

• Met, Asp, Phe, Ala, Arg

• Met, Val, Lys, Arg, Gln, Ser

• Ile, Gln, Lys, Asp, Gly, Leu, Ser

Multiple Choice

6C Part of an important cellular process involving a DNA strand is modeled.

What is the purpose of this cellular process?

• Preserving genetic information for future generations

• Deleting the information in the sequence produced from the DNA template

• Transcribing information in the DNA sequence for use by the cell

• Producing more nucleotides for the DNA sequence

Multiple Choice

6E: Different types of mutations can occur in DNA. The diagram represents a type of mutation. Which statement describes the mutation in the diagram?

• A silent mutation results in the insertion of a different amino acid

• A substitution occurs with the adenine base

• A deletion of a cytosine base occurs

• A base is inserted into one strand of the DNA

Multiple Choice

6G: Which diagram demonstrates how crossing-over contributes to genetic variety during meiosis?

Multiple Choice

6G Gametes produced by an organism contain a combination of genes from that organism. In every gamete, this combination is —

• the same because it is created from the same DNA

• the same because chromosomes are copied prior to meiosis

• different due to DNA replication prior to mitosis

• different due to independent assortment during meiosis

Multiple Choice

6D CRISPR-Cas9 is a genetic modification technique that edits parts of the genome of an organism. Using this technique scientists can add, remove, or modify sections of the DNA sequence.

How can scientists use this technique to control gene expression?

• By activating or deactivating specific genes

• By calculating the number of genes different organisms produce

• By identifying how closely related one individual is to another

• By determining the number of chromosomes in an organism

Multiple Choice

Which biomolecule is correctly paired with its function?

• Lipids - express genes

• Protein - form enzymes

• Carbohydrates - create hormones

• Nucleic acids - insulate animal tissue

Multiple Choice

9C Enzymes are proteins that have a three-dimensional shape that is specific to a particular substrate. Environmental conditions can change the shape of the protein.

What is the most likely result if the shape of the enzyme changes?

• The substrate will change its shape to match the enzyme.

• The enzyme will no longer be able to catalyze the reaction with the substrate.

• The products made from the enzyme and the substrate will be changed.

• The enzyme will be able to bind to more diverse substrates than before.

Multiple Select

What is the function of an enzyme? Select all that apply.

• enzymes break themselves into small pieces

• enzymes slow down chemical reactions

• enzymes speed up chemical reactions

• lower the activation energy

• Catalyst

Multiple Choice

7B The diagram shows data on the evolution of horses.

The data in the diagram is evidence that —

• a new species of horse suddenly appeared

• horses slowly developed over time

• horses have similar stages of rapid embryological development

• horses have a common ancestry with other hooved animals

Multiple Choice

9A Students were given a list of seven elements and asked to identify the four elements that are most abundant in biomolecules. Which table correctly identifies the four most-abundant elements in biomolecules?

Multiple Choice

9A A table of four types of carbohydrates is shown.

Which list correctly matches the functions to the types of carbohydrates?

• Energy: glycogen and starch

  Structure: cellulose and chitin

• Energy: cellulose and chitin

  Structure: glycogen and starch

• Energy: chitin and glycogen

  Structure: cellulose and starch

• Energy: cellulose and starch

  Structure: chitin and glycogen

Multiple Choice

Similar structures with different purposes found in different species are known as _____

• vestigial structures

• DNA

• homologous structures

• the fossil record

Multiple Select

9A An advertisement for a health supplement for dogs claims to build lean muscle and strengthen tendons and ligaments, as well as provide energy. Which biomolecules must the supplement contain to provide these benefits? Select all that apply

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic acids

• Carbohydrates

Punctuated Equilibrium

When A fossil remains in a state of stasis (no changes) over time.

Multiple Choice

7A: Cetaceans are whales and their relatives. The diagram shows some fossils of cetaceans. Which statement provides the best evidence that Ambulocetus natans is an ancestor of Basilosaurus isis?

• Homologous structures occur in each fossil

• Similar nitrogenous bases are found in the DNA of each fossil

• The fossils were found in different locations

• The youngest fossil is larger than the older fossils

5. Species Distribution

• Island species descended from MAINLAND (continent) species

• Species closer geographically to each other are MORE related

Multiple Choice

Analyze the graphic above. What are the chemicals represented by the Y?

• H₂O +O₂

• H₂O + CO₂

• C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂

• C₆H₁₂O₆ + CO₂

Multiple Choice

9B Which statement explains how producers are dependent upon consumers for their survival?

• Consumers supply oxygen for producers to undergo aerobic respiration.

• Consumers produce carbon dioxide for producers to use during photosynthesis.

• Consumers provide chemical energy needed by producers for cellular respiration.

• Consumers make lactic acid that producers use in photosynthesis.

Multiple Choice

7C: The diagram shows light- and dark-colored beetles that live on a tree. Which result is most likely to occur to the beetle population due to predation over time?

• The number of light-colored beetles in the population will increase

• There will be more dark-colored beetles than light-colored beetles

• The number of light-colored beetles will decrease

• The dark-colored beetles will move to a different type of tree

Multiple Select

The diaphragm contracts and relaxes to control breathing. Which 2 organ systems are working together? (Select 2 answers)

• Circulatory

• Respiratory

• Muscular

• Immune

Drag and Drop

The ​

Placeholder

system absorb nutrients and the ​

Placeholder

system delivers the digested nutrients to the cells

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Digestive

Circulatory

lymphatic

skeletal

Nervous

immune

Respiratory

Drag and Drop

The ​

Placeholder

(hormones) system and the ​

Placeholder

(brain) system are the most important regulatory systems for the maintenance of homeostasis

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Endocrine

Nervous

Skeletal

Muscular

Respiratory

Reproductive

Multiple Choice

Yellow toucan birds seek out one another to make babies together and tend to avoid the green toucan birds.

• Genetic Drift

• Non-random mating

• Gene flow

• Mutation

Multiple Select

10A The fuzzy millipede, Polyxenus fasciculatus, is found in Texas and is preyed upon by most species of ants. To protect itself against the ants, it ejects fibers from a tuft located at the tail end of its body. The tufts have hooks at the tips and barbs along their length that lock and interlink with the ant’s setae, small hairs that cover the body of the ant. When an ant attacks, the millipede flexes its back end toward the ant and wipes the tufts against it. As the ant attempts to remove the tufts, it entangles itself more, becoming immobilized.

Which two systems most directly interact in the fuzzy millipede’s defense against ants? Select two answers.

• Muscular

• Immune

• Endocrine

• Integumentary

• Nervous

Multiple Choice

7F: Common baboons live on the savanna in breeding groups called troops. While females tend to stay with the troop, younger or less dominant males may leave to join a neighboring troop. Which of these is a likely outcome of movement by young males?

• Gene flow occurs between population

• Allele frequencies suddenly change

• Relative genotypic frequencies reach a constant state

• Intermediate phenotypes increase in the species

Multiple Choice

Cross-pollination of flowers from different populations of the same species will most likely result in —

• gene flow as new alleles are introduced

• evolution of a different species as alleles mix

• hybrid sterility as gametes from different individuals are incompatible

• a decrease of genetic variation among individuals

Multiple Choice

10C A science class is planning a field trip to a local farm that has a large pond. Which of the following lists the order of biological organization from smallest to largest that the students can expect to find at the pond?

• Organism, community, population, ecosystem

• Organism, population, community, ecosystem

• Population, organism, community, ecosystem

• Population, organism, ecosystem, community

Multiple Choice

10C The diagrams show some of the levels of biological organization. In what order are the levels in the diagrams?

• Population, community, ecosystem

• Organism, community, population

• Organism, population, community

• Ecosystem, population, community

Multiple Choice

10B: Plant roots have extensions called root hairs. These root hairs are important in the homeostasis of the plant. Which statement best explains the importance of the root hairs to the stems and leaves of the plant?

• Root hairs convert minerals into glucose for immediate use by cells

• Root hairs decrease the need for osmosis and diffusion in vascular tissue

• Root hairs prevent water loss in leaves through transpiration and gas exchange

• Root hairs increase the surface area of the roots for nutrient and water absorption

Multiple Choice

10B: A student conducted an investigation to study phototropism in grasses. The only different between the control group and the experimental group was light conditions. The control group was provided full light, while the experimental group was shaded on one side. The diagrams show the average heights and positions of blades of grass in the investigation. Which statement best explains why the grass tips of the experimental group bent toward the light?

• Water evaporated faster on the side of the plant having full light

• Light sensors in the grass tips stimulated a hormone in the shoot system

• The xylem in the root system absorbed more nutrients from the shaded side

• The side facing the light has a greater chance of absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

Multiple Choice

12 A Some relationships between different organisms are shown in the table.

Which table correctly identifies each type of interaction described?

Multiple Choice

11B During secondary succession, which of these best describes why decomposing pioneer plants give way to larger, more complex plants species, such as hardwood trees?

• Increased amounts of sunlight are able to reach the ground while the pioneer species are decomposing.

• Increased soil temperatures from decomposing pioneer species help tree seeds germinate more quickly.

• Increased amounts of decomposing pioneer species remove nutrients that tree seedlings need to grow and mature.

• Increased amounts of soil from decomposing pioneer species allow plants with more extensive root systems to become established.

Multiple Choice

11B: A small town in the piney woods of East Texas has a soccer field composed of native grasses. The soccer field is mowed once a week. What effect does continual mowing have on the ecology of the field?

• Mowing increases the likelihood of nonnative species displacing native species

• Mowing increases the number of species found in the field

• Mowing causes different communities to form across the field

• Mowing maintains a low species diversity by inhibiting further succession

Multiple Choice

In an ecosystem, more species =

• less stability

• more stability

• no stability

Multiple Choice

The diagram shows the flow of organic molecules through an ecosystem. One process that occurs in this ecosystem is labeled X, and another process that occurs is labeled Y.
Which two processes are identified by the labels X and Y?

• X: Respiration Y: Predation

• X: Adaptation Y: Decomposition

• X: Fermentation Y: Nitrogen fixation

• X: Decomposition Y:Respiration

Multiple Choice

What is the role of denitrifying bacteria

• change nitrate back into nitrogen gas

• change nitrogen gas into nitrate

• absorb carbon dioxide in the soil

• release oxygen gas into the atmosphere

Multiple Choice

12D: As part of the nitrogen cycle, animals acquire some amino acids by doing which of the following?

• Breathing air

• Eating plants

• Drinking water

• Producing waste

Multiple Choice

12C The food web shows the flow of energy through a sagebrush-steppe ecosystem

Which of these organisms are in a trophic level that receives a larger percentage of the energy captured by the producers than the percentage received at the bats’ trophic level?

• Mountain lions

• Snakes

• Hawks

• Ground squirrels

Multiple Choice

12C A biomass pyramid of an ecosystem is shown.

Which statement provides the best explanation for the difference in biomass of organisms found at each trophic level?

• Organisms at higher trophic levels have less energy available to them than organisms at lower trophic levels.

• Organisms at higher trophic levels require smaller habitats than organisms at lower trophic levels.

• Organisms at lower trophic levels provide less energy than organisms at higher trophic levels.

• Organisms at lower trophic levels outcompete organisms at higher trophic levels.

Multiple Choice

12C A marine ecosystem is represented.

What is lost to the environment at each of the trophic levels of this ecosystem?

• Nutrients from the soil

• Living space for the organisms

• Food sources

• Heat

Multiple Choice

Which organism in this diagram has the highest DDT concentration?

• Zooplanktons

• small fish

• large fish

• Fish-eating birds