ESS B Final Exam Review

ESS B Final
Exam Review

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Table of Contents

Module 6

Module 5

Module 7

Module 8

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Lesson 5.01

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Lesson 5.02

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Lesson 5.03

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Lesson 5.04

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Lesson 5.05

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Lesson 6.01

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Lesson 6.02

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Lesson 6.03

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Lesson 6.04

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Lesson 6.05

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Lesson
6.06H

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Lesson 7.01

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Lesson 7.02

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Lesson 7.03

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Lesson 7.04

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Lesson 7.05

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Lesson 7.06

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Lesson 8.01

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Lesson 8.02

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Lesson 8.03

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Lesson 8.04

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Lesson 8.05

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Lesson 8.06

5.01 Erosion and Deposition

● Weathering vs. Erosion vs.

Deposition

● Agents of erosion
● Erosional features

Labelling

Label:  erosion, weathering, and deposition

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

weathering

erosion

deposition

Draw

Circle the items that are not agents of erosion

Correct answers

Acids and oxygen

Acids and oxygen are agents of chemical weathering.

Match

Match the following

deflation

abrasion

desert varnish

• deflation

• abrasion

• desert varnish

Multiple Choice

Which type of mass wasting is shown in the image?

• Creep

• Slump

• Debris flow

• Rock Avalanche

Multiple Choice

What type of mass wasting is shown in the image?

• debris flow

• mudflow

• rockfall

• rockslide

Multiple Choice

Identify the landform shown in the image.

• Alluvial fan

• Delta

• Drumlin

• Kettle lake

Labelling

Label the glacial formations.

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Esker

Drumlin

Glacial erratic

Moraine

Kettle Lake

Open Ended

Use the images below to describe how sea stacks form through wave erosion.

Explanation

Waves can have varying speed and size, but all waves are agents of erosion, removing and transporting sediment from one location to another.

Waves splash against a cliff face, creating a vertical wall of rock called a wave-cut cliff. Over time, waves continue to erode the cliff, creating a hole in the rock and forming a sea arch.  Eventually, the top of the sea arch is eroded, leaving behind pillars of rock known as sea stacks.

Labelling

Label the wave deposition features

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Sandbar

Beach

Barrier island

Sand spit

Lesson 5.02 - Rivers

● Relationship between water velocity, erosion,

and deposition.

● Where erosion and deposition happen on a

river.

● How rock type affects erosion by running

water

Labelling

How do rivers transport sediment?

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Traction

Saltation

Suspension

Solution

Multiple Choice

Which river cause more erosion?

• River A because rivers with steeper slopes have a faster velocity

• River B because rivers with steeper slopes have a faster velocity

• River A because rivers with gentler slopes have a faster velocity

• River B because rivers with gentler slopes have a faster velocity

Open Ended

Which rock would you expect to erode quickly?  Be sure to explain your reasoning.

Explanation

Limestone, sedimentary rocks that are not firmly cemented or those containing calcium dissolved easily in water. Igneous and metamorphic rocks are relatively hard and have a crystalline structure, making them more difficult to dissolve.

Lesson 5.03 - Mississippi Case Study

● Investigate the impact of water on Earth's

materials and natural systems

● Refine a solution that reduces the impacts of

human activities on natural systems

● Know the three management systems

Lesson 5.04 - Glaciers

● Describe the ways glaciers can erode and

deposit material.

● Identify glacial features from erosion and

deposition.

Multiple Select

Which of the following factors would lead to faster movement of a glacier? (Select all that apply)

• steep slopes

• rough ground texture

• smooth ground texture

• shallow slopes

• large glacial mass

Open Ended

Describe the difference between plucking and abrasion erosion.

Explanation

Plucking is where the glacier picks up sediment that freezes to its bottom and moves it away.

Abrasion is the scraping of rock underneath a glacier by the rocks embedded in the base of the glacier.

Match

Match the following

• Cirque

• Arete

• Striations

• U-shaped valley

• Horn

A bowl-shaped depression formed by a glacier

A jagged, narrow ridge formed as a glacier plucks rock and soil from a rounded ridge.

Grooves formed when rocks embedded in a glacier scrape the bedrock below.

 Formed as glaciers erode pre-existing V-shaped valleys, scooping out its round shape.

A jagged, pointed mountain top formed by a glacier

• A bowl-shaped depression formed by a glacier

• A jagged, narrow ridge formed as a glacier plucks rock and soil from a rounded ridge.

• Grooves formed when rocks embedded in a glacier scrape the bedrock below.

•  Formed as glaciers erode pre-existing V-shaped valleys, scooping out its round shape.

• A jagged, pointed mountain top formed by a glacier

Lesson 5.05 Waves

● Describe how waves produce different

erosional features along the shoreline

● Examine depositional features found along

the shoreline and how they form

Wave Formation

Surface Waves are formed
from the friction between
the wind and surface of a
body of water.

Lesson 6.01 - Atmosphere

● Layers of the Atmosphere
● Temperature changes with increase in altitude
● How the sun drives atmospheric processes
● How atmospheric currents transport matter and transfer energy
○ Conduction, convection, and radiation

Multiple Choice

The air pressure decreases as the altitude

• Decreases

• Increases

• Remains constant

• They are not related

Multiple Choice

The lowermost layer of the atmosphere

• Stratosphere

• Mesosphere

• Troposphere

• Exosphere

Multiple Choice

The ozone layer is found in

• Stratosphere

• Thermosphere

• Exosphere

• Troposphere

Multiple Choice

Meteors from the space burn in which layer?

• Troposphere

• Exosphere

• Stratosphere

• Mesosphere

Multiple Choice

Satellites orbit in which layer?

• Troposphere

• Stratosphere

• Thermosphere

• Mesosphere

Multiple Choice

All weather occurs in which layer of the atmosphere? 

• Troposphere 

• Thermosphere 

• Mesosphere 

• Stratosphere 

Atmosphere

In our atmosphere as altitude increases, density will
____________.

A. Increase
B. Decrease

Multiple Choice

What layer protects us from the harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun?

• Troposphere

• Greenhouse Gases

• Ionosphere

• Ozone Layer

Multiple Choice

Movement of heat from one material to another through direct contact.

• Radiation

• Conduction

• Convection

Explanation Slide...

B has more direct sunlight near the equator. Which is why the equator is always hot.

Multiple Choice

Which point on Earth will get the most heat from the sun due to solar radiation?

• A

• B

Lesson 6.02 - Weather

●Factors that influence weather
○Temperature

○Pressure

○Humidity

○Wind

○Clouds

○Precipitation

●Examine patterns in data to determine which factors influence weather at
locations around Earth
○Air masses, fronts, and pressure systems

Multiple Choice

At warmer temperatures, liquid water molecules move faster and turn into water vapor that stays in the air. This moisture in the air is called ___.

• precipitation

• humidity

• air mass

• front

Multiple Choice

What causes warm air to rise? 

• The fact that it's less dense than cold air

• The fact that it weighs more than cold air

• The fact that it has higher pressure than cold air

• The fact that it's more dense than cold air

Multiple Select

Check all weather associated with a high pressure system.

• sunny

• clear skies

• calm winds

• warm, moist air

Multiple Choice

What kind of pressure system is South of Panama City Beach?

• high

• low

• warm front

• cold front

Multiple Select

Check all weather associated with a low pressure system.

• warm, humid air

• strong winds

• cloudy, stormy skies

• sunny, clear skies

Multiple Select

What are the three things that describe a high pressure system? Check all that apply.

• air cools

• air becomes more dense

• air sinks

• air rises

• air warms

Multiple Choice

What type of pressure system is modeled in the picture?

• high

• low

Multiple Choice

What does this weather map symbol represent?

• warm front

• cold front

• stationary front

• occluded front

Multiple Choice

What kind of weather is generally associated with a cold front?

• heavy rain possible thunderstorms

• sunny skies

• warmer air temperature

• no wind

Multiple Choice

The short term state of the atmosphere including temperature, humidity and wind.

• thunderstorm

• climate

• weather

• hurricane

Multiple Choice

What type of pressure system does the model represent?

• low pressure system

• high pressure system

Multiple Choice

What causes wind to blow?

• Differences in longitude

• Shock waves from clouds

• Differences in air temperature and pressure

• The rotation of earth

Lesson 6.03 - Oceans and Weather Patterns

●Examine models of ocean circulation.

●Describe how energy and water move throughout the oceans.

○Surface currents

○Deep ocean currents - thermocline circulation

●Explain the relationship between ocean circulation and weather

patterns.

○Current's connection to weather

○El Nino, La Nina

Multiple Choice

Currents that occur at or near the surface of the ocean are called 

• Deep Currents

• Convection Currents

• Surface Currents

• Wave Currents

Multiple Choice

Surface currents are mainly caused by

• The Coriolis Effect

• Cold and Warm Water

• Convection

• Wind

Multiple Choice

The Coriolis Effect changes a currents path due to Earth's

• Winds

• Cooling

• Heating

• Rotation

Multiple Choice

Regular movements of water far below the oceans surface are called

• Warm Currents

• Deep Currents

• Shallow Currents

• Surface Currents

Multiple Choice

Currents release heat energy and this can affect an area's

• Oxygen

• Climate

• Upwelling

• Sunlight

Multiple Select

Which of the following will decrease ocean salinity:

• Evaporation

• Sea ice formation

• Precipitation (Rain)

• Runoff

• Icebergs melting

Multiple Choice

______ causes deep ocean currents

• The Coriolis Effect

• gravity

• wind

• density differences

Multiple Choice

Gyres in the southern hemisphere are surface currents that turn _________ due to the Coriolis Effect.

• clockwise

• counterclockwise

• toward the right

• toward the bottom of the ocean

Multiple Choice

The large, circular surface-current pattern found in each ocean produced by wind and the Coriolis effect

• California Current

• Upwelling

• Gyre

• Global Conveyor Belt

Multiple Select

Which factors cause gyres?

• prevailing winds

• salinity

• shape of the ocean basin

• Coriolis effect

Multiple Choice

What does El Niño and La Niña's effect on ocean circulation heavily depend on?

• Salt

• Humans

• Marine life

• Wind Patterns

Multiple Choice

What does ENSO stand for?

• Emergency National Security Organization

• El Niño Southern Oscillation

• El Niño Southbound Oscillation

• El Niño Silver Oyster

Multiple Choice

What are the conditions for El Niño and La Niña?

• El Niño has colder waters and La Niña has warmer waters

• El Niño and La Niña both have warmer waters

• El Niño has warmer waters and La Niña has colder waters

• El Niño and La Niña both have cooler waters

Multiple Choice

An El Niño occurs when trade winds drop or even reverse

• True

• False

Lesson 6.04 - Severe Weather

●

Examine severe weather phenomena that result from

specific atmospheric conditions.

○

Characteristics of thunderstorms, tornadoes,

hurricanes, and tsunamis.

●

Explore how Earth's interior processes impact surface

processes and severe weather.

Multiple Choice

Thunderstorm clouds are known as _____.

• cirrus clouds

• stratus clouds

• cumulonimbus clouds

• cumulus clouds

Multiple Choice

The most dangerous aspect of a hurricane that comes ashore is the ________.

• storm surge

• eye wall

• wind speed

• rainfall

Multiple Choice

About 75% of the world's tornadoes happen in the United States during Springs and early Summer when cold, dry from Canada meets warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico. This relatively flat part of the country is known as ________________.

• Tornado Paradise

• Thunderstorm Lane

• Tornado Alley

• Hurricane Row

Multiple Choice

What are large thunderstorms that have winds already in rotation called?

• supercells

• blizzards

• hurricanes

• tornadoes

Multiple Choice

What fuels a hurricane's strength?

• Wind

• Sunlight

• Warm Water

• Cold Water

Multiple Choice

How do the conditions for a tornado differ from the conditions for a hurricane?

• Tornadoes never form when there is rain, while hurricanes always form with rain.

• Tornadoes form under low pressure, while hurricanes form under high pressure

• Tornadoes form in a stable atmosphere, while hurricanes form in an unstable atmosphere 

• Tornadoes form over land, while hurricanes form over bodies of water

Multiple Choice

What happens if a hurricane moves over land or cold ocean water?

• it will get stronger

• it will get weaker

• it will upgrade its category

• it will morph into a typhoon

Lesson 6.05 - Living with Weather

●

Examine the cause and effect relationships between weather

and features of human societies.

●

Describe how natural hazards have altered human activity.

●

Describe how evidence allows for distinction between causal

and correlational relationships between environmental factors

and human activity.

●

Early warning systems and how they have saved lives.

Multiple Choice

A natural hazard occurs when natural physical processes become:

• dormant and inactive.

• extreme and unpredictable.

• scary!

• faster than usual.

Multiple Select

Which of the following are potential effects of a natural disasters (check all that apply)?

• spread of disease due to reduced standards of sanitation

• disruption of communication networks

• disruption of government and its services

• loss of jobs and businesses

Multiple Choice

Why is it beneficial to be able to predict when and where natural hazards will occur as much as possible?

• Communities can be notified to evacuate

• So that we can stop them from happening again

• So that scientists know where to go in order to study them

• So that we can harness their power for renewable energy

Multiple Choice

In order for a hurricane to form, the water must be:

• Cool

• Warm

• Cold

• Hot

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT a natural hazard?

• Hurricane

• Tornado

• House Fire

• Earthquake

Multiple Choice

Which natural disaster is a long high sea wave caused by an earthquake, submarine landslide, or other disturbance?

• Hurricane

• Flood

• Wildfire 

• Tsunami 

Lesson 6.06 HONORS ONLY

Weather Maps Decoded

● Read and interpret the symbols on a weather map.
● Make weather predictions based on provided weather

data.

Multiple Choice

What is an isobar? 

• A line on a weather map that connects points of equal air temperature

• A line on a map that shows which areas of the United states get more sun 

•  A line on a weather map that connects points of equal air pressure

• A line of latitude on a map that shows the different zones; tropic, temperate and polar

Multiple Choice

Which city would have the most unstable atmospheric

conditions and the greatest chance of precipitation?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Multiple Choice

The wind direction at station A is

• A) southeast

• B) northeast

• C) southwest

• D) northwest

Multiple Choice

What does this symbol on a weather map indicate? 

• High pressure system

• Low pressure system

• Cold front

• Warm front

Multiple Choice

What does this symbol on a weather map indicate? 

• High pressure system

• Low pressure system

• Cold Front

• Warm Front

Match

Match the following

Cold front

Warm front

Occluded front

Stationary front

• Cold front

• Warm front

• Occluded front

• Stationary front

Lesson 7.01

● Weather vs. Climate
● Types of climate

○ Tropical
○ Temperate
○ Dry
○ Continental
○ Polar

● Factors that affect

climate
○

Latitude

○

Ocean currents

○

Wind

○

Altitude

○

Mountains

○

Distance from water

Multiple Choice

What is the Greenhouse Affect?

• As carbon dioxide concentrations increase, temperatures increase

• Condition that is caused by carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor trapping heat in the Earth's atmosphere

• causes sea levels to rise because it adds water to the ocean.

• The cooling of Earth due to air pollution.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following events would be MOST likely to add Greenhouse Gases to the atmosphere?

• Hurricane

• Tsunami

• Forest Fire

• Ecological Succession

Multiple Choice

Why is Carbon Dioxide considered to be a Greenhouse Gas?

• It is a combination of natural and human forces

• It has a biogeochemical cycle

• It is a type of weather that occurs during a particular season

• It absorbs and reradiates infrared radiation to warm the Earth

Multiple Choice

What effect does a large body of water usually have on a nearby landmass?

• The water causes cooler summers and colder winters. 

• The water causes cooler summers and warmer winters. 

• The water causes hotter summers and warmer winters. 

• The water causes warmer summers and colder winters. 

Multiple Choice

The _______ of a mountain range is the side that receives a lot of precipitation.

• windward side

• leeward side

Multiple Choice

What type of pressure zone is associated with a dry climate?

• Low-pressure

• High-pressure

• Polar pressure

• Prevailing winds

Multiple Choice

Identify the factor that influence the temperature of these two areas

• Latitude

• Elevation

• Distance from Large Bodies of Water

• Ocean Currents

Multiple Choice

Which city will have a cooler average temperature

• Chapel Hill

• Havana

Multiple Choice

What effect does a large body of water usually have on a nearby landmass?

• The water causes cooler summers and colder winters. 

• The water causes cooler summers and warmer winters. 

• The water causes hotter summers and warmer winters. 

• The water causes warmer summers and colder winters. 

Multiple Select

What are four factors that affect climate?

• latitude

• proximity (closeness) to large body of water

• earthquakes

• ocean currents

• elevation

Multiple Select

The following are Greenhouse Gases:

• Carbon Dioxide

• Methane

• Salt

• Phosphorus

• Water vapor

Lesson 7.02

●

Convection, conduction, and radiation
○

How does the sun’s energy reach Earth’s
surface?

●

Why do we have seasons? How do seasons
compare when looking at difference
hemispheres during the same time of year?

●

How does the angle of the sun impact the
intensity of solar radiation in a given area?

Multiple Choice

When the northern hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, which hemisphere is in the summer?

• Northern

• Southern

• Eastern

• Western

Multiple Choice

What is the approximate tilt of the Earth's Axis?

• 23.5 Degrees

• 30 Degrees

• 60 Degrees

• 10 Degrees

Multiple Choice

Which BEST describes why latitudes closest to the equator have warmer climates?

• they are at lower elevations

• they receive high angle sunlight

• they are nearer to ocean currents

• they get more winds that carry energy in the form of heat

Lesson 7.03

● Orbital Cycles and the sun

○

Milankovitch Cycles

○

Eccentricity

○

Perihelion and aphelion

○

Obliquity

○

Precession

● Historical causes of

sudden climate change
○ Volcanic eruptions
○ Evolution of Life
○ Asteroid Impact

Multiple Choice

What is one way volcanic eruptions can effect climate?

• When a volcano errupts, secondary succession begins

• Lava is hot which makes the community hotter

• Ash blocks sunlight, causing temperatures to drop

Multiple Choice

Even without human activity, there is naturally occurring greenhouse effect. Without it, the Earth would be ____________.

• When a volcano errupts, secondary succession begins

• 6 to 11°C cooler

• 28 to 33°C warmer

• 28 to 33°C cooler

Lesson 7.04

●

Technologies we use to study climate change
○

Ice cores

○

Rock/Sediment cores - Relationship between 18O levels and
glacial ice volume

○

Ice sheets

○

Geological/biological proxies

●

Accuracy, Limitations, and Bias
○

Differentiate between bias and limitations

○

Intentional vs. unintentional bias

○

How do we ensure accuracy?

Multiple Choice

How do we study Earth's past atmosphere?

• soil samples

• ocena sediment

• fossil gases

• ice core bubbles

Multiple Select

Which of the following best explains the graph (select two)

• Average Temperatures have cooled down significantly since 1951

• Average Temperatures have risen significantly since 1951

• From 2015 onwards we are more likely to see colder weather than hotter weather

• From 2015 onwards we are more likely to see extremely hot weather than colder weather

Multiple Choice

Where have some of the strongest and earliest impacts of global warming occurred?

• The tropics

• The Northern latitudes

• The subtropics

Lesson 7.05

● Human activities that influence regional and

global climate

● Analyze data from global climate models
● How can we manage current and future

impacts of human activity on climate
change?
○ Mitigation and adaptation

Multiple Choice

Efficient infrastructure can help mitigate climate change. Infrastructure is:

• planes, trains, and automobiles.

• buildings, roads, water treatment plants, and irrigation systems.

• plants, trees, and animals.

Multiple Choice

As average global temperature rises, ___________.

• average precipitation increases

• average precipitation decreases

• average precipitation decreases

Multiple Choice

How is climate change affecting biodiversity?

• decreasing

• increasing

• it is not affecting it

Multiple Choice

Burning fossil fuels puts ________ into the atmosphere.

• oxygen (O)

• carbon dioxide (CO2)

• helium (He)

Multiple Select

Increased production of greenhouse gasses has lead to (Select two)

• No major change in Earth's climate

• Poorer health conditions for people in areas of higher pollution

• An increase of approximately 1.5 degrees celcius on a global scale

• Better harvesting conditions for food

Multiple Select

Why does global warming cause sea levels to rise? [Choose 1 to 4 options.]

• Warm ocean waters expand more.

• Seismic activity in the ocean increases in warmer temperatures.

• Glacial ice is melted and this adds water to the oceans.

• The Earth's core expands in warm temperatures, elevating the ocean floor.

Multiple Choice

Mitigation is:

• the act of increasing harmful actions.

• the act of decreasing harmful actions.

• doing nothing about harmful actions.

Multiple Choice

All of the following is a cause to increase carbon dioxide EXCEPT 

• burning more fossil fuels

• cutting down trees

• raising livestock

• burning gasoline

Multiple Choice

Sustainable buildings use more energy efficient materials and can reduce the amount of energy people use.

• True

• False

Lesson 7.06

● How climate change impacts oceans

○ Increased ocean heat
○ Melting ice
○ Changing ocean currents
○ Increasing ocean acidification

Multiple Select

Which type of organism will have issues reproducing due to rising temperatures in the ocean? Use the provided graph for information.

• Marine life by coastal areas

• terrestrial life

• Human being

• wookies

Multiple Choice

What two factors are affecting the oceans due to climate change?

• decrease in temperature and increase in pH

• increase in salt levels and decrease in sea levels

• increase in temperature and decrease in pH

8.01 Carbon Cycle

●

Forms of carbon
○

Organic vs. inorganic

●

Carbon reservoirs/sinks

●

Carbon sources

●

How carbon cycles through the different spheres of Earth

●

How humans impact the carbon cycle
○

Deforestation

○

Thawing permafrost

○

Burning fossil fuels

○

Ocean acidification

Multiple Choice

How does the human body return carbon to the atmosphere in the carbon cycle?

• Waste products

• Photosynthesis

• Cellular respiration

• Formation of glucose

Multiple Choice

In the carbon cycle, animals can release carbon back into the cycle through __________ or through __________.

• burning . . . photosynthesis

• fixation . . . decomposition

• decomposition . . . photosynthesis

• respiration . . . decomposition

• respiration . . . photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of human impact on the carbon cycle?

• The increased production of methane gases from cattle farms

• The burning of fossil fuels

• The cutting down of trees for lumber

• Driving automobiles

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

How do organisms (living things) move carbon through the carbon cycle?

• Respiration only

• Decomposition only

• Photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition

• Decomposition and sedimentation

• Respiration, decomposition, sedimentation, and photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

What kind of organism takes out the most carbon from the atmosphere?

• Plants

• Bacteria

• Animals

• Humans

Multiple Choice

TRUE or FALSE?
All of the carbon in existence is continually recycled in the carbon cycle.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Organisms that do not decompose can be buried and become what?

• water

• nutrients

• air

• fossil fuels

8.02 Natural Resources

●Natural resources
○Examples

○Renewable vs. nonrenewable resources

●Process for obtaining natural resources
○Discovery, extraction, transportation, processing, distribution

●How technology has impacted our ability to obtain natural resources

●How natural hazards impact natural resources
○Hurricanes, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, floods, and wildfires

●How climate change impacts the availability of natural resources
○Who is impacted most severely?

Multiple Choice

Which term best describes coal, water, and wood?

• man-made resources

• renewable resources

• non-renewable resources

• natural resources

Multiple Choice

True or False: The main disadvantage with nonrenewable resources is that they can take as long as 10 years to replenish.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a fossil fuel

• biogas

• natural gas

• coal

• petroleum

8.03 Case Study: The Cost of Coal

●

Which energy sources are used most often in the U.S. to
produce electricity?

●

How coal is formed

●

Surface mining vs. deep mining

●

How coal is burned to produce electricity

●

Benefits and drawbacks of each solution to mitigate the
impacts of coal
○

Coal ash reuse

○

Alternative energy sources

○

Energy efficiency

Multiple Choice

Why must batteries become more advanced for alternative energy to fully thrive?

• Current batteries are likely to explode if overused.

• Batteries are needed to efficiently convert electricity from coal-fired power plants into a cleaner alternative energy.

• Batteries are required to provide the electricity needed to make windmills and solar panels work.

• Large quantities of energy need to be able to be stored for times when energy production conditions are not optimal.

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not an example of a nonrenewable resource.

• plants

• coal

• natural gas

• oil

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is NOT and example of a renewable resource?

• wind

• water

• oil

• plants

Multiple Choice

Why is solar energy considered renewable energy?

• It's cheaper than fossil fuels

• The sun's energy would not run out for billions of years

• Solar energy recharges batteries

• All of them

8.04 Natural Resources and Sustainability

●Renewable vs. nonrenewable resources

●Sustainability types
○Social sustainability

○Economic sustainability

○Environmental sustainability

●How sustainability is impacted by:
○Population density

○Technology access

●Agriculture sustainability

●Climate change’s impact on sustainability

Multiple Choice

_____________ power is electricity produced by flowing water.

• Solar 

• Wind 

• Hydroelectric 

• water

Multiple Choice

Wind Energy is...

•  Energy that comes from harnessing the movement of the air

• Energy that comes from the Sun

• A source of renewable energy, such as solar, wind, or geothermal energy

• Fuel from plant material

Multiple Choice

All of the following are considered renewable energy sources EXCEPT –

• Wind

• Coal

• Biomass

• Solar

Multiple Select

What are some benefits of Solar energy? (Select all that apply)

• Non-polluting

• Expensive

• Scarce

• Abundant

Multiple Select

Some of the main advantages of wind power are that ___________________.(Select all that apply)

• It is non-polluting

• It is hard to find.

• Winds will always blow.

• It is expensive

Multiple Select

Some of the disadvantages of using windmills for electricity are.......(Select all that apply)

• Windmills can be noisy

• They can take away from the natural beauty of the land.

• They can cause an increase in migratory bird deaths.

• They can be put anywhere.

Multiple Select

Biomass includes which of the following? (Select all that apply)

• manure

• lumber

• crop residue

• paper by-products

8.05 Biodiversity

●Definition of biodiversity

○Species diversity

○Ecosystem diversity

○Genetic diversity

●How biodiversity benefits humans and other species

○Environmental and economic benefits

●S=BRT equation

●How biodiversity has fluctuated over time

●Threats to biodiversity

○Habitat loss

○Pollution

○Climate change

○Invasive species

○Resources exploitation

○Disease

Multiple Choice

True or false: An ecosystem with high genetic diversity is healthier than an ecosystem with low genetic diversity.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Biodiversity refers to

• extinct species

• the variety of species on Earth

• nonrenewable resources

• the rate of species decline

Multiple Choice

Why do the populations of invasive species grow so quickly? 

• Invasive Species are native to an area. 

• Invasive species are prey to many animals.

• Invasive species have no predators.

• Invasive species keep the ecosystems in equilibrium.

Multiple Choice

How does habitat fragmentation reduce genetic diversity in species?

• Habitat fragmentation makes nonnative species introduction possible.

• Habitat fragmentation opens migration routes.

• Habitat fragmentation isolates a large population into smaller groups.

• Habitat fragementation encourages open gene flow.

Multiple Choice

What is the variety of genes present?

• bidiversity

• species diversity

• extinction

• genetic diversity

Multiple Choice

The number of different species and the abundance of each species in a biological community.

• genetic diversity

• ecosystem diversity

• extinction

• species diversity

8.06 Future Earth

●

Characteristics of urban environments

●

Positive and negative impacts of urbanization

●

How urbanization impacts the environment

●

Ways technology can reduce the harmful effects of
urbanization
○

Green technologies

○

Urban farming

○

Desalination

○

Smart cities

○

Carbon capture

Multiple Choice

Which image best represents infrastructure?

Multiple Select

Select all that are correct.

Select two correct benefits of urbanization

• Opportunity - Careers & Education

• Safety - Police, Fire, Medical

• Air Quality - Air quality is more clean in cities

• Efficiency - Every is spread far apart

• Heat Islands - Cities are warmer than surrounding areas

Multiple Select

Select all that are correct.

Select two correct downsides of urbanization

• Opportunity - Careers & Education

• Safety - Police, Fire, Medical

• Air Quality - Air quality is much more polluted in cities

• Efficiency - Everything is spread far apart

• Heat Islands - Cities are warmer than surrounding areas

Multiple Choice

Sustainability is the idea that we are responsible to...

• maintain the environment for future generations

• maintain the environment for past generations

• destroy the environment to punish future generations for things that haven't happened yet

• maintain the future for past generations