English Grammar Rules

English Language
Grammar Rules

Mrs Katie Wirth

Table of Contents

Capitalization
Rules

Comma
Rules

Spelling with
Suffixes

Dialogue Rules
Reference

01

02

03

04

Capitalization Rules

Majuscule and miniscule letters

01

Capitalization rules

#2. Proper

Nouns

#1. First Word
of a Sentence

#3. Days / Months

/ Holidays

Venus has a beautiful

name, but it’s hot

Mercury is the closest

planet to the Sun

Despite being red, Mars is

a cold place

#4. Places of

the World

It’s a gas giant and the

biggest planet

#6. Only
Sometimes

It’s the farthest planet

from the Sun

#5. Titles
of Works

Saturn is the ringed one

and a gas giant

#1. Capitalize the first word of

every sentence!

Dogs are said to be man’s best friend

Dogs are said to be man’s best friend

Comma rules

●Compound sentence

●Series

●Dialog

●Direct address

●Introductory phrase

●Transition words

#2. Capitalize the name of a specific

person, or thing

Brandon went to Tomball Memorial
Hospital after he broke his leg

Brandon went to Tomball Memorial Hospital after
he broke his leg

Jenna and Joe took their dog Bailey
for a walk at the Central Park

Jenna and Joe took their dog Bailey for a walk at the
Central Park

#3. Capitalize the days of the week and

months of the year

Valentine’s day is on February 14 each year

Valentine’s Day is on February 14 each year

Holidays get capitalized too!

#4. Capitalize places including addresses,
cities, states, countries, and continents

I live on Main Street in Houston, Texas. Texas
is a state in the United States of America

I live on Main Street in Houston, Texas. Texas is a
state in the United States of America

Capitalize abbreviations of these places too!

#5. Capitalize the titles of written or
performed works like books or movies

Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs is a
book that was later made into a movie

Titles of artistic works also get capitalized!

Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs is a book that
was later made into a movie

Capitalize this...

Only if...

north, south, east, west

...you use it as a specific place and not a direction

mom, dad, aunt, grandma, etc.

...you can replace the word with the relative’s name and still makes sense

mountain, desert, river, ocean, etc.

...it is a part of its actual name, such as Mojave Desert

earth

...you’re talking about the planet Earth

college, school, library, university, etc.

...you use it with the actual name, such as Hassler Elementary School

#6. Many words only get capitalized depending

on how they are in the sentence

Comma Rules

02

#1. Use a comma before a conjunction when

combining two complete sentences

I need to go to the grocery, and my sister
needs to go to the library

{I need to go to the grocery}, {and my sister needs
to go to the library}

#2. Use commas to separate three or

more words or phrases

I need to finish my homework, take out the
dog, and help Mom with the dishes

{I need to finish my homework}, {take out the dog},
{and help Mom with the dishes}

#3. In dialog, use a comma to separate

the narrator from the speaker

“I want to study medicine when i grow up,”
Maria declared.
Derek responded, “You do?”

“{I want to study medicine when i grow up},” {Maria declared.}
{Derek responded}, “{You do?}”

#4. Use a comma (or two) when you

directly mention a person

Julia, please hand me that box of crayons.
Will You, John, hand me the pencils?

{Julia}, please hand me that box of crayons.
Will You, {John}, hand me the pencils?

#5. Use a comma to separate an introductory

phrase from the sentence

After the big game, the baseball team
celebrated their win

{After the big game}, {the baseball team celebrated
their win}

#6. Use a comma after a transition word or

phrase

Finally, mix the chocolate syrup and the milk.
After you’re done, enjoy your tasty drink

{Finally}, mix the chocolate syrup and the milk.
{After you’re done}, enjoy your tasty drink

Dialogue Rules Reference

04

Dialogue Rules Reference

#1. Quotation
Marks

Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun

#3. ? and ! in
Quotation Marks

Despite being red, Mars is
a cold place

#2. Commas in

quotation marks

Venus has a beautiful

name, but it’s hot

#4. Examples

It’s the farthest planet

from the Sun

#1. Use quotation marks around the words

that someone is actually saying

“This is so much fun!,” said Jenna

“This is so much fun!,” said Jenna

#2. Commas are used to separate the

speaker from the narrator

“This is my favorite toy,” said Sally.
Charles responded, “I prefer my toy car!”

“This is my favorite toy,” said Sally.
Charles responded, “It’s so cute!”

#3. You can replace a comma with a question

mark or an exclamation point

“What are you doing?” asked Mom.
Jackson looked up, “having fun!” he said

“What are you doing?” asked Mom.
Jackson looked up, “having fun!” he said

Structure

Example

S

“I like the summer.”

S - N

“I like the summer,” said Maria.

N - S

Maria said, “I like the summer.”

S - N - S

I really like summer,” Maria said and then

added, “because it’s time to swim!”

#4. Examples

N = Narrator S= Speaker

This is a graph

30% - Venus

Venus has a
beautiful name

20% - Mercury

It’s the closest
planet to the Sun

50% - Mars

Despite being red,
Mars is a cold place

Jupiter is the biggest

planet of them all

Saturn is composed of
hydrogen and helium

Mercury is the smallest

planet of them all

Mercury

Saturn

Jupiter

These are percentages

60%

75%

25%

This is an infographic

Mercury

Mercury is the closest

planet to the Sun

Mars

Despite being red,
Mars is a cold place

Venus

Venus has a beautiful

name, but it’s hot

60%

15%

15%

This is a map

Venus

Venus has a
beautiful name

Mercury

It’s the closest
planet to the Sun

Mars

Despite being red,
Mars is a cold place

A timeline always works well

Venus is terribly hot and
has high temperatures

Jupiter is the biggest

planet of them all

Saturn is composed of
hydrogen and helium

Mercury is the smallest

planet of them all

day 1

day 2

day 3

day 4

4,498,300

333,000.00

earths is the Sun’s mass

24h 37m 23s

is Jupiter’s rotation period

386,000 km

is the distance between Earth and the Moon

Our team

Jenna Doe

Helena White

John Patterson