Data Processing Cycle

Data Processing

By Uchechukwu Eze

Lesson Objectives

To explain data and information

To identify the stages in data processing cycle

Definition of Data

• Data are raw facts. They are figures, words and symbols that have not been processed or put into meaningful form.

• Data can be referred to as raw material from which information is produced.

• Data is the plural of datum.

Multiple Select

Data can be referred as.

• Raw facts

• Information

• Symbols

• Words or figures

Types of Data

1. Numeric data: Data consisting of digits and not letters of alphabets or special character. E.g. 0 – 9

2. Alphabetic data: Data consisting of letters and not digits or special characters. A-Z and a-z

3. Alpha-numeric data: Data consisting of digits, alphabets as well special characters. Ussm12, #,!,? 07/01/2019, etc.

Definition of Information

• Information is processed data. Information is the result of processing, manipulating and organizing data in a way that adds to the knowledge of the person receiving it.

• Data can be processed physically by human beings, example calculation such as addition, division, etc to give it more meaning.

• Data can also be processed using machines like calculators, computer, etc.

Multiple Select

Select the options that describes data

• unorganised and unrefined facts

• comprises processed, organised data presented in a meaningful context

• an individual unit that contains raw materials which do not carry any specific meaning.

• insufficient for decision making

• depends on data.

Multiple Select

Select the options that describes information

• sufficient for decision making

• comprises processed, organised data presented in a meaningful context

• an individual unit that contains raw materials which do not carry any specific meaning.

• insufficient for decision making

• depends on data.

Definition of Data Processing

Data processing is a computer process that converts data into information.

Data Processing Cycle

Data processing cycle is the sequence of stages in processing data.

The stages in data processing include:
1. Data gathering or collection
2. Data collation or preparation
3. Input stage
4. Processing stage
5. Storage stage
6. Output stage

Before data are gathered the following must be taken into consideration:

1. The types of data needed

2. The scope of the data

3. Purpose of the data

4. Relevance of the data

5. The plan for gathering

6. The methods for data collection

Multiple Choice

Which of the options is an example of information

• The average score of a class in an exam

• Student's test score

• Maths score

• A hubby

Data Gathering

This is the process of collecting data together before processing.
The methods of gathering data include:
a. Interview
b. Questionnaire
c. Record review
d. Observation

​It is the assembly of data in standard order. and organized form

​Data collation

This is the stage where data is entered in to a computer device using input device like keyboard, mouse etc

​Input stage

This is the stage data are converted from raw form to information/useable form. This is done by the CPU.

Processing Stage

• This is where data is kept before and after processing. The data is store in the main memory which is RAM.

• Data can be stored permantely in the storage device such as hard disk.

Storage Stage

This is the last stage of data processing where the result from processing stage (CPU) is sent out for the user to see and use.

Examples includes; Monitor, printer, speaker, projector.

Output Stage

Multiple Choice

All the following are stages in data processing cycle EXCEPT?

• Data connection

• Data gathering

• Input stage

• Output stage

Multiple Choice

Data can be entered into the computer via the following input devices EXCEPT?

• Printer

• Keyboard

• Joystick

• Mouse

Multiple Choice

The sequence of stages in processing data is:

• Data

• Data collation

• Cycle

• Data processing cycle

Multiple Choice

The assembling of data in standard order is

• Data connection

• Data collation or preparation

• Data gathering

• Data storage

Multiple Choice

Data are kept in the __________ memory of the computer after processing

• CPU

• Motherboard

• Main

• Printer

Multiple Choice

The computer sends out the result of data processing on paper using an output device called

• a monitor

• a printer

• a scanner

• a keyboard

Multiple Choice

Alphanumeric data consist of

• digits

• letters

• special characters

• all of the above

Multiple Choice

In data processing, the stage whereby data are entered into a computer for processing is called

• Input stage

• processing stage

• data collation

• data accessing stage

Multiple Choice

The stage of data processing where the results gathered from processing data is sent out for the user to see and use is:

• Data connection

• data gathering

• Input stage

• Output stage

Multiple Choice

The computer sends out the result of data processing on screen using an output device called

• a monitor

• a printer

• a scanner

• a keyboard

Multiple Choice

In data processing, the stage whereby data are converted into useable form is:

• Input stage

• processing stage

• data collation

• data accessing stage

Multiple Choice

The singular form of data is:

• Datas

• Datum

• one data

• Data

Multiple Choice

In data processing, the stage of collecting data for processing is called

• Data collation

• Data gathering

• Input stage

• Processing stage

Multiple Choice

In data processing, the stage that describes where data are kept after processing is called?

• Storage stage

• Main memory

• Input stage

• Monitor

Multiple Choice

One method for gathering data is:

• Interview

• processing cycle

• data collation

• storage stage

Multiple Choice

Before data are gathered, one of the following must be taken into consideration

• The relevance of the data

• the size of the main memory

• the stages in the data processing

• all of the above

Open Ended

The commissioner of education wants to know the performance of year 7 students at Everspring college in Mathematics, English language and sciences.

1. 1. What are the possible ways the principal of Everspring college can use to collect or gather the English, Mathematics and science scores of year 7 students?

2. 2. How can the principal convert the English, Mathematics and science scores into meaningful information?