WHI 2.01 and 2.02

Module 2.01

Indus River Valley Civilization

Multiple Choice

This is the Persian Empire. What religion is practiced here?

• Hinduism

• Confucianism

• Shintoism

• Zoroastrianism

2.01: Indus River Valley Civilization
Virginia Standards of Learning associated with
M2.01:

•WHI.3 The student will apply social science skills to understand the ancient river valley civilizations, including those of Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus
River Valley, and China and the civilizations of the Hebrews and Phoenicians, by

•WHI. 3a locating these civilizations in time and place and describing their major geographic features;

•WHI.3b describing the development of social, political, and economic patterns, including slavery;

•WHI.3c explaining the development and interactions of religious traditions;

•WHI.4 The student will apply social science skills to understand the civilizations of Persia, India, and China in terms of chronology, geography, social
structures, government, economy, religion, and contributions to later civilizations by

•WHI.4b locating India in time and place, including its origins, early development, and the debate over the Aryan migrations;

•WHI.4c describing the origins, beliefs, traditions, customs, and spread of Hinduism;

•WHI.d describing the origins, beliefs, traditions, customs, and spread of Buddhism;

Word Wall

• Indus River Valley
• Gangetic Plain, Deccan Plateau, coastal plains

of India

• Harappa
• Mohenjo Daro
• Aryans
• Hinduism
• brahman

• Concepts in Hinduism:

• atman
• moksha
• dharma
• karma
• ahimsa
• reincarnation
• Castes
• untouchables
• Vishnu, Shiva, Devi
• Buddhism
• Siddhartha Gautama ("Buddha")
• Concepts/Beliefs in Buddhism

• Theravada Buddhism
• Mahayana Buddhism

Draw

Draw an arrow to show why this area is shaped like it is. Why did people settle here?

Harappa and Mohenjo Daro

​These were twin cities that flourished about 700 years

We do not know much about them. No names of rulers, tax records, literature, etc.

These are carefully laid out cities. Used clay bricks.

Complex plumbing systems.

Organized government

Mohenjo Daro

​​Harappa

Open Ended

What do you think happened to these two cities? Why did they disappear?

Multiple Select

What are the two rivers of India?

• Indus

• Yellow

• Ganges

• Tigris

Multiple Select

What are the two Mountain Ranges of India?

• Alps

• Hindu Kush

• Himalayas

• Rockys

Migrated across Europe to India

Early Aryans built no cities and left little evidence

Vedas: a collection of hymns, chants, and other religious teachings

Society had a pyramid structure

​

​Aryans

Multiple Choice

Who settled India?

• Aryans

• Persians

• Egyptians

• Assyrians

Multiple Choice

Aryans invaded India through the ____ _____ in the Hindu Kush Mountains.

• The Royal Road

• The Silk Road

• The Royal pass

• Khyber Pass

Hinduism and Buddhism

•What are the similarities and differences?

Hinduism

•Hinduism

• Scholars consider the older of the two, Hinduism, as a combination of Aryan history, culture, and multiple faiths.

• There is no official founder of the religion and historians estimate that it developed into a more organized belief system during the “Vedic Age”, or the time period between 1500 and 500 BCE.

• The basic beliefs of Hinduism can be found in a long series of stories called The Vedas.

Hinduism

• The most basic of Hindu beliefs is the belief in the ancient concept of brahman.

• Brahman interacts with humans in spiritual and physical ways.

• Humans have an “essential self” called atman, with which they should achieve moksha or spiritual purity.

Multiple Choice

Which religion reads the Vedas & Upanishads as holy texts?

• Shintoism

• Hinduism

• Buddhism

• Judaism

Multiple Select

Holy texts of Hinduism

• Four Noble Truths

• Eight Fold Path

• Vedas

• Upanishads

Multiple Choice

This is one of the many forms of Brahman celebrated by

• Taoists

• Hindus

• Jews

• Zoroastrians

Multiple Choice

What is the primary religion of region D?

• Hinduism

• Islam

• Roman Catholic

• Confucianism

Multiple Choice

A major belief of Hinduism is that:

• Rebirth is based upon an individual's karma

• There are two opposing forces in the universe

• Following the 8 Fold Path will lead to enlightenment

• There is only one god

Multiple Choice

Which religion best completes the graphic?

• Hinduism

• Buddhism

• Taoism

• Judaism

Buddhism

• This faith was started by a Hindu prince named Siddhartha Gautama in the late 6th century BCE in modern-day Nepal.

• Gautama’s view of the world changed after traveling great distances across the Gangetic Plain, and noting that human suffering was the basic trait in human life.

• After decades of meditation, Gautama believed he had achieved an understanding of and a cure for such suffering. As his reputation grew, he became known as Buddha, or “Enlightened One.”

•"china - buddhism figure" by Xuan Che is licensed under CC BY 2.0

Eight fold path

•Right View
•Right Thought
•Right Speech
•Right Action
•Right Livelihood
•Right Effort
•Right Awareness
•Right Concentration

Multiple Choice

Who is this man?

• Siddhartha Gautama

• Confucius

• Abraham

• Zoroaster

Multiple Choice

Which term means that all thoughts and actions result in future consequences?

• Enlightenment

• Salvation

• Reincarnation

• Karma

Multiple Choice

To find Enlightenment, Buddhists follow the...

• Ten Commandments

• Four Noble Truths

• Twelve Tables

• Eightfold Path

2.02

Early Empires in India

Objectives

◦ WHI.1 The student will demonstrate skills for historical thinking, geographical analysis, economic decision making, and

responsible citizenship by

◦ WHI.1b using geographic information to determine patterns and trends to understand world history;

◦ WHI.3 The student will apply social science skills to understand the ancient river valley civilizations, including those of

Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus River Valley, and China and the civilizations of the Hebrews and Phoenicians, by

◦ WHI.3a locating these civilizations in time and place and describing their major geographic features;

◦ WHI.3b describing the development of social, political, and economic patterns, including slavery;

◦ WHI.3c explaining the development and interactions of religious traditions;

Word Wall

◦ Chandragupta Maurya

◦ Maurya Empire

◦ Pataliputra

◦ Asoka

◦ Dravidians

◦ Sri Gupta

◦ Gupta Empire

◦ "zero"

◦ "joint family"

Mauryan Empire

◦ In 321 BCE Chandragupta Maurya founded the first Indian empire, called the Maurya Empire

◦ Asoka, the grandson of Chandragupta, took power in 268 BCE and worked to expand the territory controlled

by the empire. He adopted Buddhism and sent missionaries, or a person sent on a religious mission, to spread
Buddhism and to present the empire in a favorable way. Additionally, he added to the number of roads and
hospitals within his empire.

◦ What religion characterized this empire?

Multiple Choice

Asoka sent missionaries throughout Asia to spread...

• Hinduism

• Buddhism

• Shintoism

• Judaism

Four noble truths

◦ The origin of suffering is attachment

◦ Life means suffering

◦ The cessation of suffering is attainable

◦ The path to the cessation of suffering

Multiple Choice

What Mauryan emperor spread Buddhism beyond India?

• Siddhartha Gautama

• Confucius

• Lau Tzu

• Asoka

Multiple Choice

Used to end desires in Buddhism

• Four Noble Truths

• Eight Fold Path

• 10 Commandments

• 5 Pillars

Multiple Choice

Which direction did Asoka's missionaries spread Buddhism from India?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

Which of the following best completes the shaded area on the diagram?

• Sacred texts include the Vedas

• Major religion of India today

• Strict social class system

• Believe in the Four Noble Truths

Gupta Empire

◦ Founded by Sri Gupta in 320 CE, the Gupta Empire grew from the unification of northern Indian kingdoms. At

its height, the Gupta Dynasty ruled the territory from the Indus River Valley across northern India along the
length of the Ganges River Valley and southward along the eastern coastline of the Indian subcontinent.

◦ The villages of the Gupta Empire enjoyed much more independence and power than those under the Maurya,

but they still showed great loyalty to the dynasty overall. The empire fell to nomadic invaders from central
Asia and collapsed around 540 CE.

◦ What religion characterized this empire?

Multiple Choice

Which empire is associated with this river system?

• Chinese empire

• Gupta empire
  

• Phoenician empire

• Babylonian empire

Multiple Choice

Which Indian empire was responsible for advances in mathematics, such as the concept of zero and the decimal system?

• Gupta

• Aryan

• Mauryan

• Harrapan

The Caste System

"File:Pyramid of Caste
system in India.png" by
Kwj2772 Disc. kowiki. is
licensed with CC BY-SA
3.0. To view a copy of this
license, visit
https://creativecommons.
org/licenses/by-sa/3.0

Multiple Choice

What does this diagram represent?

• Class system of China

• Political system of Greece

• Caste system of India

• Feudal system of Japan

Open Ended

What is one thing that you learned today?