Cell Cycle/Mitosis

Importance of the Cell Cycle

Growth

The Cell Cycle allows organisms to grow by increasing the number of cells.

Importance of the Cell Cycle

Repair

It enables the repair of damaged tissues by replacing old or damaged cells with new ones.

Importance of the Cell Cycle

Reproduction:

In single-celled organisms, the cell cycle is the process through which reproduction occurs (asexual reproduction).

Also known as: Binary Fission

Prokaryotic Cell Cycle

Prokaryotes undergo binary fission.

Eukaryotic Cell Cycle

Eukaryotic cells have a more complex cell cycle than
prokaryotic cells.

​TAKE THIS OUT

Multiple Select

What two cells use the process of Binary Fission?​ ​

• Bacterial Cells

• Eukaryotic Cells

• Plant Cells

• Prokaryotic Cells

• Skin Cells

INTERPHASE

​S Phase: DNA replication occurs, doubling the genetic material.

​Cell Preparation: The cell prepares for division by growing and replication its DNA

​G1 Phase: Cell grows and carries out normal functions

​G2 Phase: Final preparation for cell division, including the synthesis of proteins needed for mitosis

Chromosomes

In eukaryotic cells, DNA is packaged into multiple chromosomes.

duplicated chromosome

centromere

sister
chromatids

supercoils

coils

histone
proteins

DNA

double
helix

Mitosis Phase

Cell division occurs during M phase.

​Mitosis: The process of nuclear division that ensures each daughter cell gets the correct number of chromosomes.

Cytokinesis

Cytoplasm divides!

​Cytoplasm Division: The cytoplasm divides, creating two separate daughter cells, each with its own nucleus and organelles.

Multiple Choice

What letter represents "Interphase"?

• Letter D

• Letter A

• Letter J

• Letter C

Multiple Choice

What does NOT happen during interphase?

• Cell division does not happen during interphase.
• Protein synthesis takes place
• Cell growth and metabolism happen
• DNA replication occurs

Prophase

The Nuclear envelope breaks down. Chromosomes condenses (pack tightly), and become visible. The spindle begins to form.

Metaphase

Chromosomes line up at the center of the cell.
They MEET in the MIDDLE

centrioles

centromere

chromosome

Sister
chromatid

Anaphase

Chromosomes pulled toward opposite poles.

​Pulled apart

Telophase

The cell begins to divide into daughter cells.

nuclear envelopes
re-forming

Cytokinesis

​Last step of cell cycle. Cytoplasm is split down the middle to make two new identical daughter cells.

Overview

Interphase

1

2

3

4

Cytokinesis

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Multiple Choice

DNA is replicated during ______ of the cell cycle.

• G1 phase
• S phase
• M phase
• G2 phase

Multiple Choice

The correct sequence of mitosis:

• Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
• Telophase, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase
• Metaphase, Telophase, Prophase, Anaphase
• Prophase, Anaphase, Metaphase, Telophase

Multiple Choice

The division of the cytoplasm is called?

• Mitosis
• Cytokinesis
• Meiosis
• Cytoplasm division