Ch 20

Chapter 20

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​

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typically carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the ​

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. ​

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carry deoxygenated blood to ​

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to return to the heart. Arterioles and venules meet at ​

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to allow for perfusion.

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The ​

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takes oxygen poor blood to the lungs and oxygen rich blood to the heart. The ​

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takes oxygen ​

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blood to the tissues and oxygen ​

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blood to the heart.

Match

Match the following blood vessel feature to its description

• lumen

• vasa vasorum

• nervi vasorum

hollow central passageway

nourishes vessels and removes wastes

nerves of vessels; controls constriction and dialation

• hollow central passageway

• nourishes vessels and removes wastes

• nerves of vessels; controls constriction and dialation

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Arteries lumen is ​

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, ​

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. Veins lumen is ​

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, ​

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.

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Options (15)

thicker in arteries; thinner in veins

smooth muscle and elastin fibers

external elastic membrane in larger arteries only

vasoconstriction/dialition by nervi vasorum and chemical signals

primarily collagen fibers, some elastin

thicker in veins

anchor, protect, and prevent overstretch

outer layers blend with connective tissue to prevent rolling

simple squamous epithelium (endothelium)

basement membrane

thin outer layer of areolar connective tissue with collagen and elastin fibers

internal elastic membrane in larger arteries only

thickened portions form valves in veins

continuous with heart (endothelium)

release endothelins for local vasoconstriction to up BP

Organize these options into the right categories

tunica media

tunica externa

tunica intima

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a type of artery?

• elastic artery

• muscular artery

• arterioles

• venules

Match

Match the following

• elastic artery

• muscular artery

• arterioles

conducting vessel

distribution vessel

resistance vessels

• conducting vessel

• distribution vessel

• resistance vessels

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Arteries transport blood ​

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from the heart that is typically ​

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. They have thick tunica ​

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compared with tunica externa; lack ​

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; may have more elastic tissue.

Multiple Select

Which of the following is true for capillaries?

• smallest blood vessel

• the connection between arteries and veins

• site of nutrient and waste exchange

• composed of single layer of simple squamous epithelium and sparse basal lamina

• supply blood directly to tissues

Match

Match the following type of cappillary to their description.

• continuous

• fenestrated

• sinusoid

most abundant; uninterrupted endothelium with incomplete tight junctions

where rapid fluid exhchange occurs; endothelium has lots of pores

where cells must leave circulation and enter tissues; larger pores and incomplete basement membrane

• most abundant; uninterrupted endothelium with incomplete tight junctions

• where rapid fluid exhchange occurs; endothelium has lots of pores

• where cells must leave circulation and enter tissues; larger pores and incomplete basement membrane

Match

Match the following type of capillary to where it can be found.

• continuous

• fenestrated

• sinusoid

found in almost all vascularized tissues

small intestine, kidneys, and endocrine organs

found in liver, bone marrow, and spleen

• found in almost all vascularized tissues

• small intestine, kidneys, and endocrine organs

• found in liver, bone marrow, and spleen

Reorder

Reorder the following showing the blood flow from arteries to capillary beds

• artery

• ateriole

• metarteriole

• venule

1

2

3

4

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4

Multiple Choice

When arterioles are directly connected to the venule it is known as?

• arteriovenous anastomosis

• metarterioles

• thorough channels

• arteriointerventricular sulcus

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The ​

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transports blood ​

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the heart that is typically ​

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.

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venous system

toward

deoxygenated

oxygenated

away from

Multiple Choice

If valves fail, blood pools and veins can become distended causing varicose veins.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the venous system?

• have valves consisted of folds of the tunica intima

• also known as capacitance vessels (blood reservoirs)

• thin tunica media

• high blood pressure

• rely on force of gravity

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​

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drain capillary beds into veins. They have thin tunica media and tunica externa. ​

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are large with irregular lumens that are easily distensible. They have thin walls and low-pressure vessels.

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Venules

Veins

Multiple Select

Which of the following are correct concerning blood flow?

• measured in volume per unit time (mL/min)

• cardiovascular centers in the brain adjust blood flow with physical activty

• changes in cardiac output can affect rate of blood flow

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​

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is the peak pressure as blood is ejected from the heart during ventricular contraction. ​

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is the minimum pressure at the end of ventricular relaxation.

Multiple Choice

Blood pressure is diastolic/systolic.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

If a patient has a heart rate of 98 bpm and a BP of 120/80 mmHg, what is the patients pulse pressure

• 178 mmHg

• 218 mmHg

• 80 mmHg

• 40 mmHg

Multiple Select

Which of the following factors affect blood pressure?

• peripheral resistance

• cardiac output

• blood volume

Multiple Select

Which of the following contribute to TPR?

• vascular resistance

• viscosity of blood

• turbulence

• cardiac output

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The longer the blood vessel the ​

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the resistance which ​

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BP.

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The ​

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the diameter, the ​

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the resistance is.

Multiple Choice

Closer to the walls of vessels the quicker the flow of blood and elements will be.

• true

• false

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The ​

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the viscosity the harder it is for molecules to slide past one another and makes the fluid more difficult to keep moving.

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Blood velocity varies ​

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with the total cross-sectional area of blood vessels. As the cross-sectional area ​

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the blood flow will ​

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.

Match

Match the following types of capillary exchange

• simple diffusion

• facilitated diffusion

• osmosis

• endo/exocytosis

• use of fenestrations.gaps

gases and small, lipid soluble molecules cross the plasma membrane

use of channel to transport larger polar or water-soluble substanses across the membrane

movement of water in and out of capillaries

movemet of molecules across the membrane in vesicles

large molecules leave through intercellular clefts, pores, or gaps

• gases and small, lipid soluble molecules cross the plasma membrane

• use of channel to transport larger polar or water-soluble substanses across the membrane

• movement of water in and out of capillaries

• movemet of molecules across the membrane in vesicles

• large molecules leave through intercellular clefts, pores, or gaps

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​

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is the movement of materials OUT of the bloodstream; whereas, ​

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is the movement of materials ​into the bloodstream.

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​

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is the push OUT of the bloodstream generated by fluids in a vessel, and ​

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is the suction INTO the bloodstream generated by immovable plasma proteins.

Multiple Choice

Net filtration pressure is equal to CHP - BCOP.

• true

• false

Categorize

Options (9)

medulla oblongata houses the cardiovascular center

baroreceptors detectg changes in pressure

chemoreceptors detect changes in blood chemistr

short term regulation: counteract fluctations in blood pressure by altering peripheral resistanc

regulates BP in short term via TPR and in long term via blood volume

mechanisms involve vasoconstriction/dilation and water/salt loss or retention

kidneys maintain blood pressure homeostasis by regulating blood volume

directly by altering blood volume

indirectly through renin-angiotensin

Organize these options into the right categories

neural regulation

hormonal regulation

renal regulation

Match

Match the following

• aneurysm

• arteriosclerosis

• cardiac shock

• hypovolemic shock

ballooning of blood vessel wall increasing risk of rupture

hardening of arterial walls (often due to aging)

pump failure, heart cannont sustain adequate circulation

results from large-scale bloodloss

• ballooning of blood vessel wall increasing risk of rupture

• hardening of arterial walls (often due to aging)

• pump failure, heart cannont sustain adequate circulation

• results from large-scale bloodloss

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​

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is when blood pressure is high, and ​

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is when blood pressure is low.