First aid

BASIC TECHNOLOGY


Good day students, I am excited to welcome you to my Quizizz online class. My name is Awotunde Benjamin and i will be your instructor for the subject; Basic Technology. I am sure you will enjoy every step of the lesson. Thanks and God bless.

First aid

INTRODUCTION

In and around the workshop, safety of life and equipment is very important and so should come first. Any injury sustained by anyone is called an accident and calls for immediate treatment no matter how minor even when doctor and medical personnel are not available at the time of the accident. This emergency treatment is known as the 'first aid'.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES

AT THE END OF THE LESSON, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

1. define first aid;

2. identify contents of first aid box;

3. apply first aid measure;

4. discuss the ABC of first aid and its application.

First aid definition

First aid treatment can be defined as the immediate and temporary care given to an accident victim or sick person before the arrival of the doctor or before taking the victim to the hospital.

This is a simple box that usually contains the necessary materials needed to carry out first aid.
The first aid box must be marked with its name or with a large red cross so that everybody can easily recognize it.

First aid box

• Iodine

• Spirit

• Dettol or hydrogen peroxide

• Injection powder

• Embrocation

• Disposable Hand Gloves

• bandage

• cotton wool

• scissors

• razor blade

• forceps

• plaster

• drugs

Contents in the first aid box include:

CONTENT OF THE FIRST AID BOX

Bandage is used to wrap wound and protect wound from infection.

BANDAGE

​A soft white material that is used to dress wounds and cuts and also apply chemicals like hydrogen peroxide to wounds.

​​COTTON WOOL

​This material is used for cutting plasters and bandages

SCISSORS

the razor blade is used for cutting plaster and bandages where there is no scissors.

​​RAZOR BLADE

CONTENT OF THE FIRST AID BOX

This material is used for holding cotton wool when dressing wounds

​​​​FORCEPS

The plaster is used to cover wounds and cuts directly while holding the cotton wool in place.

​​PLASTERS

​These are medicines taken to ease pain or help heal wounds for example aspirin, and paracetamol.

​​DRUGS

​Iodine is applied to stop bleeding. 

​​IODINE

​​​​CONTENT OF THE FIRST AID BOX

Spirit is used to clean the surface wounds!

​​SPIRITS

Dettol is used for treating wounds. 

DETTOL

​Injection powder is used for treating wounds.

INJECTION POWDER

​Embrocation is a liquid used for rubbing on the body to relieve pain from sprains and strains.

​​ENBROCATION

CONTENT OF THE FIRST AID BOX

This material can protect against direct contact with blood and dirt. Disposable gloves are usually of single-use and should be disposed of immediately to prevent cross-infection. ​

​Disposable Hand Gloves

Application of simple first aid treatment

Adequate care is very necessary in the application of first aid, because if a first aid measure is misapplied, it may lead to serious complications, thereby adding to the pain and panic of the victim. It is therefore imperative that the person who is to apply the first aid measure knows what to do in such an emergency. It is better to determine the nature of the injury before applying the first aid measure.

SNAKE OR SCORPION BITE

To treat a snake or scorpion bite:

• ​Tie a cloth around the leg

• Take the person to the hospital

​

The cases of accidents where first aid treatment is used include:

• ​Apply pressure against the affected part to stop further bleeding

• ​Sprinkle some water to wash the part

​​MINOR CUTS

• Put a little disinfectant on a piece of cotton wool and clean the infected area.

• ​Place a clean pad over the cut and use a bandage to hold the pad in position

To treat minor cuts:

This can be treated by cleaning gently with savlon and then apply gentian violet (G.V) or dermacin cream.

​This can be treated by:

​Hot object and hot palm oil

This can be treated by:

• ​Remove and loosen all tight clothing on the patient

• Place a pad directly over the cut

• While holding the pad in position, make the patient lie down and raise the infected part above the rest of the body

• Then use a bandage to hold the pad in position

​DEEP CUT

In the case of a fracture, some sticks should be set around the affected part of the body and bandaged up temporarily to reinforce the bones.

​

​FRACTURE

ABCs OF FIRST AID

During an emergency situation, there are some important things to remember which are referred to as the ABCs of first aid.
The ABCs of first aid consists of three components which are:
A- AIRWAY           
B- BREATHING           
C- CIRCULATION

The ABC's of first aid are the primary things that need to be checked when you approach the victim.
Prior to CPR, ensure that the airway is clear, check to see if the patient is breathing, and check for circulation (pulse or observation of color and temperature of hands/fingers).

​

summary​
In all, you have learnt that:
1. The immediate treatment given to an accident victim or sick person is first aid.
2. The first aid box has different materials and each of the materials has its uses
3. It is important to determine the nature of an injury before applying the first aid measure.
4. The priorities of first aid are A-Airways, B-Breathing and C-Circulation
NOW, answer the following questions:

Multiple Select

The simple medical treatment given to somebody before the arrival of a medical doctor or before taking the person to the hospital is...

• Treatment

• Assistance

• First aid

• Rescue

Multiple Choice

_____ is used for sterilizing wounds to avoid germs and infections

• Sterilized gauze

• Plaster

• Razor blade

• Cotton wool

Multiple Choice

What does the ABC of first aid stand for?

• Airline, Breathing and Circulation 

• Airway, Breathing and circular

• Airway,

  Breathing and

  Circulation

• Airway, Breather and Circulation 

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is used to protect against direct contact with blood and dirt?

• Plasters

• Cotton wool

• Razor blade

• Disposable hand gloves

Multiple Choice

____ is used to wrap wound and protect wound from infection

• cotton wool

• bandage

• forceps

• blade

Multiple Choice

What is the first aid measure to be given to a snake bite victim?

• Apply hot water

• Tie a cloth around the place

• Use paracetamol

• Apply antibiotics

Multiple Choice

The name of this diagram is ____

• soap box

• first aid box

• match box

• tool box

Multiple Choice

In the ABCs of first aid, what do you do to someone who is not breathing?

• pray for them

• give them water

• blow their nose

• clear their airway

Multiple Choice

The person who is to apply the first aid measure must know what to do in such an emergency

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

The following are cases of accidents where first aid treatment is used except

• snake bite

• deep cuts

• hot oil burns

• none of the above