Canadian History 3: New France

Exploring New France

A tale of rivalry and expansion in the New World

Exploring New France

In 1534, Jacques Cartier arrived in eastern Canada and claimed it for France, giving it the name New France. This marked the beginning of French exploration and colonization in North America. New France became a major fur trading hub and a battleground for European powers seeking dominance in the New World. The rivalry between France and Britain over control of New France eventually led to the Seven Years' War, which resulted in the British gaining control of the territory.

Multiple Choice

What event led to the British gaining control of New France?

• The arrival of Jacques Cartier

• The Seven Years' War

• The beginning of French exploration

• The fur trading hub

The Seven Years' War

The Seven Years' War was the event that led to the British gaining control of New France. It was a global conflict fought between 1756 and 1763, involving major European powers. The British victory in this war resulted in the Treaty of Paris, where France ceded Canada to Britain. This marked the end of French control in North America.

Exploring New France

In 1608, Samuel de Champlain established a colony at present-day Quebec City. This marked the beginning of French colonization in North America. The colony faced rivalry from other European powers, particularly the British, leading to conflicts and territorial disputes. Despite challenges, New France expanded its territories and played a significant role in shaping the history of North America.

Multiple Choice

Which European power posed the greatest rivalry to the French colony in North America?

• Spanish

• Portuguese

• British

• Dutch

British Rivalry

The British posed the greatest rivalry to the French colony in North America. They fought in several conflicts, including the French and Indian War. The British eventually gained control over the region, leading to the establishment of British colonies in North America.

Exploring New France

For 200 years, the fur trade supported New France's economy. The French settled near the Saint Lawrence River and established a thriving fur trade industry. This trade played a crucial role in the expansion and development of New France, shaping its economy and fostering rivalry with other European powers.

Multiple Choice

What industry supported New France's economy for 200 years?

• Fishing industry

• Fur trade industry

• Agricultural industry

• Mining industry

Fur Trade Industry

New France's economy was supported by the fur trade industry for 200 years. The demand for beaver pelts in Europe drove the expansion of fur trading in North America. French traders established relationships with Indigenous peoples and exchanged goods for furs. This industry played a crucial role in the development of New France and its economic prosperity.