Mexico's Road to Independence

Fight for Independence

After Early Colonization

•New Spain began to grow
extensively.
•Louisiana Purchase - 1803
France sells Louisiana
Territory to the United
States for $15 million which
doubled the size of the U.S.
•The U.S. was now neighbors
to Mexico, which made the
Spanish Government
nervous.

Multiple Choice

What present day state became apart of the United States due to the Adams-Onis treaty?

• California

• Louisiana

• Florida

• Missouri

Multiple Choice

How much did the United States pay for the Louisiana territory?

• $10 million

• $15 million

• $25 million

The Adams-Onis Treaty - 1819

• The treaty created a

permanent border
between the U.S. and
Mexico (New Spain)

• The treaty gave Florida

to the U.S.

Unrest in Mexico

• People did not like paying taxes to

support the King.

• They had learned about revolutions

in the U.S. and France where
common people defeated powerful
kings.

• Spain based class on a person’s

wealth; many in New Spain were
poor.

Rebellion in Mexico

•In 1810 rebels began to revolt
in Mexico.

•They wanted freedom from
Spain due to unfair treatment.

•People wanted a country
where citizens elect
representatives to make laws.

Peninsulares

Spaniards from Spain

Creoles

Spaniards born in America

Mestizos

People of mixed Spanish and Native

American heritage

Native Americans & African Americans

Class
System

Match

Match the following

• Spaniards born in Spain

• Lowest class system in New Spain

• People of mixed Spanish and Native 

  American heritage

  
  

• Spaniards born in America

Peninsulares

Native Americans & African Americans

Mestizos

Creoles

• Peninsulares

• Native Americans & African Americans

• Mestizos

• Creoles

Father Hidalgo

•Father Hidalgo was a priest in
Mexico who worked hard to help
his people become self sufficient

•After years of oppression, Miguel
Hidalgo y Costilla gave a speech
that ignited the Mexican fight for
independence called Grito de
Dolores

Mexico's Road to Independence

• The Grito de Dolores: The Grito de Dolores, or the Cry of Dolores, was a call to arms made by Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla on September 16, 1810, marking the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence.

• Significance: The Grito de Dolores is considered a pivotal moment in Mexican history, as it ignited a widespread uprising against Spanish colonial rule and ultimately led to Mexico's independence.

• Legacy: Today, September 16th is celebrated as Mexican Independence Day, commemorating the Grito de Dolores and the country's journey towards freedom.

The Grito de Dolores

The Grito de Dolores marked the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence. It was a call to arms made by Priest Miguel Hidalgo on September 16, 1810. This event ignited a rebellion against Spanish rule in Mexico. The Grito de Dolores is now celebrated as Mexican Independence Day every year on September 16th.

Multiple Choice

What event marked the beginning of the Mexican War of Independence?

• The Battle of Dolores

• The Grito de Dolores

• The Mexican Independence Day

• Cinco de Mayo

Mexico's Independence Leaders

• Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla: Priest who initiated the independence movement in 1810
• Jose Maria Morelos: Military leader who continued the fight for independence
• Vicente Guerrero: Afro-Mexican general who played a crucial role in achieving independence
• Agustin de Iturbide: Army general who declared Mexico's independence in 1821

Multiple Choice

Who was the military leader who continued the fight for independence?

• Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla

• Jose Maria Morelos

• Vicente Guerrero

• Agustin de Iturbide

Jose Maria Morelos

Trivia: Jose Maria Morelos was a Mexican Roman Catholic priest and revolutionary rebel leader who led the Mexican War of Independence movement. He is known for his military strategies and his efforts to establish a democratic government in Mexico. Morelos continued the fight for independence after the death of Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, another prominent leader in the movement. He played a crucial role in the eventual success of the Mexican War of Independence.

Empresarios

• Empresarios are people who

received land grants to settle
American families in New Spain

•Spain wanted people to live in
East Texas to protect the land.

•Anglo settlers wanted cheap
land.

Multiple Choice

Who received land grants to settle
American families in New Spain?

• Empresarios

• Colonist

• Land Speculators

Empresario

•Moses Austin was an American
that went to New Spain and
asked for permission to settle
300 families in Texas.

•1820 - Moses Austin received a
land grant to bring Americans
to New Spain and start colonies
in East Texas.

Multiple Choice

What year did Moses Austin receive a land grant from New Spain?

• 1810

• 1815

• 1820

• 1836

Filibusters

•Filibuster is a person who wages an
unofficial war on a country.

•Augustus Magee & Bernardo Gutierrez de
Lara were two filibusters who helped fight
at the Battle of Medina.

Battle of Medina

•One of the largest battles of
Mexico’s fight for
independence.
•1,400 Tejanos, Anglos, Native
Americans, and Filibusters
fought against Spain.
•Filibusters Gutierrez-Magee’s
army was defeated.

•Only 100 rebels survived

Mexican Independence

1821- Mexico won its
independence from
Spain

Significant

date

​Write this description on the timeline in your journal

The New Constitution

• In 1824 the Mexican Constitution was drafted when

they won their independence from Spain.

Match

Match the following

• Empresario

• Filibuster

• 1821

• 1824

• Grito de Dolores

are people who received land grants to s

is a person who wages an unof

Mexico won its independence from Spain

Mexican Constitution was drafted

marked the beginning of the Mexican War

• are people who received land grants to s

• is a person who wages an unof

• Mexico won its independence from Spain

• Mexican Constitution was drafted

• marked the beginning of the Mexican War