Rock Transformations Rock Cycle

Rock Transformations Rock Cycle

Exploring the various transformations that rocks undergo over time and their impact on the Earth's geology.

Labelling

Label the three main types of rocks correctly

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Igneous

Granite

Sedimentary

Sediment

Obsidian

Weathering

Deposition

Metamorphic

Multiple Choice

Intrusive rocks are coarse grained

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

Granite is a light colored  rock

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

How many types of sedimentary rocks are there?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

What types of rocks can make sediments?

• Sediemntary

• igneous

• metamorphic

• all rocks

Multiple Choice

What is the type of sedimentary rock that is made from weathered sediments?

• organic

• chemical

• clastic

Multiple Choice

Chemical sedimentary rocks form when ...

• sand falls to the bottom of a river

• The rock is heated to magma

• dissolved minerals become solid crystals

• Dead things get buried with sediments

Multiple Choice

What type of sedimentary rock is coal?

• Clastic

• Chemical

• Organic

Multiple Choice

These can come in INTRUSIVE and EXTRUSIVE.  

• Sedimentary
• Igneous
• Metamorphic
• Trusive Rocks

Multiple Choice

This type of Rock is the MOST common in the Earth's Crust?

• Sedimentary
• Igneous
• Metamorphic
• Common Rock

Multiple Choice

Sedimentary rock formed from remains of plants and animals is called _?_.

• chemical sedimentary rock
• organic sedimentary rock
• clastic sedimentary rock
• erosion

Multiple Choice

What are the 3 major types of rocks?

• Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
• Metamorphic, Igneous, Cementation
• magma, lava, crystals

Rock Cycle:

The rock cycle is a continuous process where rocks change from one type to another over long periods of time. It involves three main processes: formation of crystals, sedimentation, and metamorphism. Rocks can be melted to form molten rock, which then cools and solidifies to form igneous rocks. These rocks can be weathered and eroded to form sediments, which then undergo compaction and cementation to form sedimentary rocks. Heat and pressure can transform any rock into a metamorphic rock.

Multiple Choice

Which process involves the formation of crystals, sedimentation, and metamorphism?

• Crystallization

• Melting and solidification

• Compaction and cementation

• Heat and pressure

Crystallization Process

Trivia: Crystallization is a fascinating process that involves the formation of crystals through sedimentation and metamorphism. It is not to be confused with weathering and erosion or melting and solidification. The key factors driving this process are heat and pressure. Crystals are nature's beautiful creations!

Multiple Choice

This rock was another type of rock that was heated and compressed over time. What type of rock is this?

• Sedimentary
• Igneous
• Metamorphic

The Rock Cycle

The rock cycle is a continuous process that transforms rocks through three main processes:

• Weathering and erosion: Water, wind, ice, and living organisms break rocks into sediments.
• Sedimentation and lithification: Sediments are transported and deposited, then compacted and cemented to form sedimentary rock.
• Metamorphism: Rocks are exposed to extreme heat and pressure, resulting in the formation of metamorphic rock with new mineral composition and texture.

Multiple Choice

What are the three main processes involved in the rock cycle?

• Weathering, erosion, and sedimentation

• Sedimentation, lithification, and metamorphism

• Erosion, metamorphism, and sedimentation

• Weathering, lithification, and metamorphism

Rock Cycle

Sedimentation, lithification, and metamorphism are the three main processes in the rock cycle. Sedimentation is the deposition of sediments, lithification is the process of turning sediments into rock, and metamorphism is the transformation of existing rock due to heat and pressure. These processes continuously shape and reshape the Earth's crust.

Multiple Choice

The name rock is given when it is broken down into smaller pieces.

• texture
• weathering
• sediment
• erosion

Rock Transformations

• Metamorphic rock differs from the igneous rock from which it formed through the process of metamorphism.
• Metamorphism involves changes in temperature, pressure, and chemical composition, resulting in the formation of new minerals and textures.
• Metamorphic rocks often have foliated or banded textures, while igneous rocks have a crystalline or glassy texture.
• Examples of metamorphic rocks include marble, slate, and gneiss.

Multiple Choice

Which type of rock is formed through the process of metamorphism?

• Igneous rock

• Sedimentary rock

• Metamorphic rock

• Volcanic rock

Multiple Choice

Pure elements or compounds that occur naturally, often found as crystals within Earth's crust and mix to form all the different kinds of rock.

• Minerals

• Sediments

• Weathering

• Magma

Multiple Choice

Rock that is formed by the cooling and solidification of lava or magma.

• Metamorphic rock

• Igneous rock

• Sedimentary rock

• Lava

Multiple Choice

Molten rock below the surface of the ground.

• Sediments

• Lava

• Magma

• Minerals

Multiple Choice

Molten rock above the surface of the ground.

• Erosion

• Cementation

• Magma

• Lava

Multiple Choice

Rock that is formed by the compaction or concretion of smaller particles of rock or minerals.

• Sedimentary rock

• Metamorphic rock

• Igneous rock

• Magma

Multiple Choice

Small particles of rock or minerals

• Rocks

• Minerals

• Sediments

• Lava

Multiple Choice

When chemical and physical processes break down rock

• Weathering

• Compaction

• Erosion

• Sediments

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When sediments are carried away by wind or water

• Deposition

• Weathering

• Compaction

• Lava

Multiple Choice

When sediments are pushed together to form a rock

• Minerals

• Cementation

• Compaction

• Magma

Multiple Choice

When minerals grow between sediments and "glue" them together into a new rock

• Weathering

• Erosion

• Compaction

• Cementation

Multiple Choice

Rock that is formed by heat and pressure deep in Earth's crust

• Metamorphic rock

• Igneous rock

• Weathering

• Sedimentary rock

Multiple Choice

The process in which rocks undergo transformations

• Rock cycle

• Energy

• Sedimentary rock

• Igneous rock

Multiple Choice

Which material is being formed through weathering and erosion?

• Igneous

• Magma

• Sediments

• Sedimentary

Multiple Choice

How does a sedimentary rock become a metamorphic rock?

• Heat and pressure

• Melting and cooling

• Weathering/Erosion and Cementation

• Cycling

Multiple Choice

How does an igneous rock become a sedimentary rock?

• Heat and pressure

• Melting and cooling

• Weathering/Erosion and Cementation

• Cycling

Multiple Choice

How does a metamorphic rock become an igneous rock?

• Heat and pressure

• Melting and cooling

• Weathering/Erosion and Cementation

• Cycle

Multiple Choice

Which missing rock type is the arrow pointing at?

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

Multiple Choice

Which missing rock type is the arrow pointing at?

• Igneous

• Sedimentary

• Metamorphic

Multiple Choice

According to the diagram, what process is shown by letter A?

• extrusion

• erosion

• crystallization

• intrusion

Multiple Choice

According to the diagram, what process is shown by letter B?

• compaction & cementation

• weather & erosion

• heat & pressure

• melting

Multiple Choice

Looking at the diagram of the rock cycle, how could igneous rock become metamorphic rock?

• Cooling and compaction

• Weathering and Erosion

• Heat and pressure

Metamorphic Rock

Trivia: Metamorphic rock is formed through the process of metamorphism, which involves intense heat and pressure. It can be derived from any type of rock, including igneous and sedimentary. Examples of metamorphic rocks include marble, slate, and gneiss. Fun Fact: The word 'metamorphic' comes from the Greek words 'meta' meaning 'change' and 'morph' meaning 'form'.

Multiple Choice

Rocks that form from cooling magma inside Earth?

• Igneous intrusive

• Igneous extrusive

• Metamorphic foliated

• Metamorphic nonfoliated

Rock Cycle

Rocks are constantly changing through the rock cycle. Sediments are compacted and cemented to form sedimentary rocks. These rocks can then be subjected to extreme heat and pressure, transforming into metamorphic rocks. If melted and cooled, they become igneous rocks. This continuous process allows igneous rocks to go through the entire rock cycle and return to their original form.

Multiple Choice

What is the process by which igneous rocks can return to their original form?

• Compaction and cementation

• Extreme heat and pressure

• Melting and cooling

• Weathering and erosion

Melting and Cooling

Igneous rocks can return to their original form through the process of melting and cooling. When these rocks are heated to extreme temperatures, they melt and become magma. As the magma cools and solidifies, it forms new igneous rocks with similar or different compositions. This process is known as the rock cycle, where rocks continuously change from one form to another over time.

Multiple Choice

A rock formed from fragments of other rocks is a(n)

• Metamorphic Rock
• Sedimentary Rock
• Extrusive Rock
• Igneous Rock

Multiple Choice

This rock started as molten magma. What type of rock is this?

• Sedimentary
• Igneous
• Metamorphic

Multiple Choice

This rock was formed by smaller pieces of rock that settled at the bottom of a lake millions of years ago. What type of rock is this?

• Sedimentary
• Igneous
• Metamorphic

Multiple Choice

The process when rocks break into smaller pieces due to exposure to natural elements is called

• erosion
• weathering
• sediments

Multiple Choice

Which rock is formed form the cooling of volcanic ash on Earth's surface?

• intrusive igneous

• foliated metamorphic

• extrusive igneous

• organic sedimentary

Multiple Choice

True/False: Igneous rocks can only turn into metamorphic rocks.

• True
• False

Multiple Choice

Any rock that forms from another rock as a result of changes in heat or pressure (or both) is a:

• chemical rock

• igneous rock

• sedimentary rock

• metamorphic rock

Multiple Choice

This is a natural solid that is made of one or more minerals.

• Mineral

• Fossil

• Rock

• Sediment

Multiple Choice

This is the continuous process of rock changing from one type to another.

• Igneous rocks

• Sedimentary rocks

• Metamorphic rocks

• Rock Cycle

Multiple Choice

Which of the following lists the steps an igneous rock undergoes in order to become a sedimentary rock, in the correct order?

• Deposition, erosion, melting, cooling

• Erosion, weathering, eruption, cooling

• Dissolving, deposition, cooling, fracture

• Weathering, erosion, deposition, cementation

Multiple Choice

Limestone is a sedimentary rock. During the rock cycle, limestone is changed into marble, a metamorphic rock. The processes that act on limestone and change it into marble are

• weather and erosion

• heat and pressure

• compacting and cementing

• melting, cooling, and hardening

Multiple Choice

According to the diagram, what process is shown by letter A?

• extrusion

• erosion

• crystallization

• intrusion

Multiple Choice

According to the diagram, what process is shown by letter B?

• compaction & cementation

• weather & erosion

• heat & pressure

• melting

Multiple Choice

If a lot of heat is applied to a rock, it will turn into

• magma

• rocks

• sediment

• metamorphic rocks