Plate Tectonics Review

Plate

Tectonics

Review

Layers of

Earth!

2

Review the

diagram!

“

Properties of Earth’s Layers

Review the properties of each of Earth’s Layers

3

Layer of
Earth

Composition

Temperature
(C)

Thickness
(Km)

Density
(g/cm3)

Inner Core

Solid Iron & Nickel

7,000- 8,000

2,400

12.8-13.1

Outer Core

Liquid Iron & Nickel

4,400-6,100

2,300

9.9-12.2

Mantle

Semi-Solid Rock

870 - 4,400

2,900

3.4-5.6

Crust

Solid Rock

0 - 700

6 - 70

2.2 - 2.9

Multiple Choice

Which layer is made of solid iron & nickel?

• inner core
• outer core
• mantle
• crust

Multiple Choice

Which layer has the hottest temperatures?

• inner core
• outer core
• mantle
• crust

Multiple Choice

Which statement is correct?

• As you move up through the layers, the pressure increases.
• As you move down through the layers pressure increases.
• As you move down through the layers, pressure decreases.
• As you move up down through the layers, pressure remains the same.

Multiple Choice

Which physical layer is represented by the yellow layer?

• lithosphere

• mesosphere

• core

• inner core

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is a major difference between Earth's inner core and outer core?

• The inner core is liquid, and the outer core is solid
• The inner core is solid, and the outer core is liquid
• The inner core is gas, and the outer core is solid
• The inner core is solid, and the outer core is gas

Earth’s

Lithosphere

Contains the crust

and the upper mantle

making up the
tectonic plates.

Difference between

Continental Crust & Oceanic Crust

●Thinner Crust (7km)

●More Dense

(2.9 g/cm3)
●Makes up the ocean
basin

Oceanic Crust

Continental Crust

●Thicker Crust (35km)

●Least Dense

(2.7 g/cm3)
●Makes up the
continents &
continental shelf

The ocean crust sinks below the continental

crust because its more dense

Earth’s
Asthenosphere

The flowing
semi-solid part of the
mantle on which the
lithosphere moves.

Multiple Choice

Which kind of crust is denser?

• Oceanic crust

• Continental crust

Multiple Choice

Is a layer of week of soft mantle that is made of rock that flows slowly.  Tectonic plates move on top of this layer. 

• Inner Core
• Asthensophere
• Lithosphere
• Outer Core

Multiple Choice

This is the outermost, rigid layer of the Earth, made up of two parts, is divided into pieces call tectonic plates.

• Inner Core
• Asthensophere
• Lithosphere
• Outer Core

Multiple Choice

Identify the letter in the diagram.  Identify letter E

• Lithosphere
• Asthenosphere
• Mantle
• Outer Core

Multiple Choice

The crust and upper mantle make up Earth's _____.

• lithosphere

• asthenosphere

• core

• continents

Continental Drift Theory:

Explains that the Earth’s
continents have moved over
geologic time.

Evidence:
●

Fossils

●

Fit together

●

Glaciers

●

Rocks/Mountains

Multiple Choice

This was the super continent, where all of the Earth’s continents were connected together

• Beringia

• Pantheon

• Pangaea

• Continentia

Multiple Choice

Wegener observed scratches from glaciers in Africa and India where it is currently too hot for glaciers to form. This is considered...

• Fossil Evidence

• Rock Formation Evidence

• Climate Evidence

• Objective Evidence

Multiple Choice

Wegener noticed that the Appalachian Mountains and Caledonian Mountains line up and are made of the same rock types. This was a type of ....

• Fossil Evidence

• Rock Formation Evidence

• Climate Evidence

• Objective Evidence

Multiple Choice

Wegener found fossils of land reptiles on two different continents. This was important because

• Land reptiles are often found all over the world, showing that they can survive in most climates

• Land reptiles cannot swim, so the continents must have been connected for them to get across

• Land reptiles are never moved around the Earth by humans, so they must have travels to these continents by themselves

• Land reptiles fossilized much better than other animal species

Multiple Choice

Wegener found fossils of ancient ferns on Antarctica, this shows

• That some ferns can survive temperatures well below freezing

• That humans put ferns on Antarctica millions of years ago

• That Antarctica drifted from a warmer climate where plants could grow

• That fossils can be formed in cold climates

Multiple Choice

Why was Wegener's hypothesis not accepted?

• He could not explain what force was moving the continents

• He was a meteorologists, so no one took him seriously

• He did not have enough types of fossils to support his theory

• Because scientists thought Harry Hess' theory was better

Plate Tectonic

Theory

Explains that the Earth’s lithosphere
moves due convection in the mantle
resulting in the formation of ocean
basins, earthquakes, volcanoes and

mountains.

Evidence:

Mantle Convection

Sea-Floor Spreading

Continental Drift Theory

Seafloor Spreading

Mantle Convection

Hot less dense rock rises and cooler

more dense rock sinks. This mechanism
in the mantle causes the lithosphere to

move.

Multiple Choice

Where do convection cycles happen?

• core

• mantle

• crust

Multiple Choice

If magma decreases in temperature (cooler) what will happen to the magma?

• It will move down (sink)

• It will rise up (float)

Multiple Choice

What is the heat source for convection in the mantle?

• the Crust
• the Mantle
• the Core

Multiple Choice

Process by which new ocean crust forms.

• Seafloor spreading

• Continental drift

• Mid-ocean ridge

• Rift

Multiple Choice

The OLDEST seafloor is located? 

• Closest to the mid-ocean ridge
• Farthest from the mid-ocean ridge

Multiple Choice

Sea-floor spreading begins at the

• Deep ocean trench

• Mid-ocean ridge

• Continent's edge

Plate Tectonic Boundaries

Plates move toward
each other and the

plates are pushed up

or uplifted.

Convergent

Plates move away from
each other and magma

rises, cools and forms new

seafloor on the ocean

basin.

Divergent

Plates slide past each
other and causes the
rock to fault or break.

Transform

Multiple Choice

What type of plate boundary is shown in the picture?

• Convergent

• Divergent

• Transform

Multiple Choice

What type of plate boundary is shown in the picture?

• Convergent

• Divergent

• Transform

Multiple Choice

What type of plate boundary is shown in the picture?

• Convergent

• Divergent

• Transform

Multiple Choice

Plate movement is caused by ____________.

• the rotation of the Earth

• convection currents in the mantle

• ocean tides

• the moon's gravity

Multiple Choice

The Great Rift Valley in Africa and the Mid-Atlantic Ridge were both created by a plate boundary where they move away from each other.

• Convergent

• Divergent

• Transform

Make sure your notes

are complete!

Check your understanding

by answering the quiz

questions…

Multiple Choice

Where do convection currents happen?

• Crust

• Mantle

• Core

• None of the above

Multiple Choice

Which of these is a key evidence for Continental Drift?

• Continental shapes

• Rock layers

• Fossil record

• All of the above

Multiple Choice

Hot liquids _____ and cold liquids _____.

• sink, sink

• rise, rise

• sink, rise

• rise, sink

Multiple Choice

Why causes Earth's plates to move?

• Convection currents

• Magma chambers exploding in the mantle

• New crust being produced

• Fault lines pushing against crust

Multiple Choice

Earth's crust is broken into large pieces called _____.

• Faults

• Rifts

• Trenches

• Tectonic Plates

Multiple Choice

Seafloor spreading and mantle convection refers to ____.

• Continental Drift

• Theory of Plate Tectonics

• Both

Multiple Choice

New crust is made at mid-ocean ridges.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

When an oceanic plate hits a continental plate...

• The oceanic plate goes underneath the continental plate

• The continental plate goes underneath the oceanic plate

• The two plates push up to create mountains

• Both the oceanic and continental plate go back into the mantle to get recycled.

Multiple Choice

Which oceanic crust/rock would be older?

• A

• B

• Same age

Multiple Choice

What is the supercontinent that existed about 200 million years ago?

• Gondwana

• Pangea

• Rodinia

• None of these

Multiple Choice

What structure is the arrow pointing to?

• Subduction zone

• Stratovolcano

• Mid-ocean ridge

• Pangea