Drone Physics Lesson 8

Airplanes Everywhere:
Land, Water, Sky, Oh My!

I can understand the importance of airplanes in today's society.

​It Is Cold.

Cherokee: U-yv-tsa

Syllabary: ᎤᏴᏣ

It Is Snowing.

Cherokee: Gu-ti-ha

Syllabary: ᎫᏘᎭ

It Is Cloudy.

Cherokee: U-lo-gi-la

Syllabary: ᎤᎶᎩᎳ

It Is Hot.

Cherokee: U-di-le-ga

Syllabary: ᎤᏗᎴᎦ

Vocabulary

aviation: Includes all flying done through general aviation, commercial airlines and the military.

commercial aviation: Refers to commercial airlines whose business is the transportation of goods and services.

general aviation: Refers to all flying outside of the military and commercial aviation and includes pilots who fly for recreation, air taxis, and crop dusting, among others.

military aviation: Refers to planes flown in the Army, Navy and Air Force.

Open Ended

Brainstorming:

Have students generate a number of possible ideas about transportation. Encourage wild ideas and discourage criticism of any ideas.

Airplanes of all shapes and sizes are used for hundreds of different reasons, including recreation, commercial business, public transportation, and delivery of goods, among many others. From transporting people to crop-dusting, our society and our economy have come to depend on airplanes. Students discuss their own experiences with airplanes, and using the associated activity, learn more about the role of airplanes in our world.

Engineering Connection

Many different types of aircraft have beenn created for many different roles—commercial, general, transport and military—and engineers are responsible for designing and building them all. Engineers take into consideration the purpose of an airplane when they are designing it. Over the years, engineers have advanced the design of airplanes so they are more sophisticated and specialized. Engineers also design and build the aircraft support systems and structures, such as runways, airports, radar communications, and scheduling.

History of Flight

In the early 1900s, two American brothers, Orville and Wilbur Wright from Dayton, Ohio, began to experiment with gliders that they built using the results of experiments conducted by European Otto Lilienthal. However, most of the Wright brothers' flights failed.

In 1901, the Wright brothers decided to gather their own wing data by conducting systematic experiments on different types of wing configurations. In 1902, from this earlier experimentation, a glider with a wingspan of 32 ft. was invented. This was the first aircraft that could go up or down, left or right, and could roll about its longitudinal axis. Filled with confidence, Orville and Wilbur Wright returned to Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, where they had originally tested their first glider. At Kitty Hawk, they conquered the problem of aircraft control and stability.

History of Flight

The Wright brothers now decided to turn their attention to power. First, they built an engine that produced 12 horsepower. Next, they built the propellers. Consequently, the Kitty Hawk Flyer was born, and on December 17, 1903, Orville and Wilbur Wright demonstrated self-powered flight in an aircraft.

Following the Wright brothers' success, a flurry of aeronautical activity took place around the world. In 1909, Europe also saw its share of aeronautical successes in the work of Santos-Dumont and Louis Bleriot, whose monoplane achieved the first flight across the English Channel in 1909.

History of Flight

Today we still can see some of the supersonic aircraft that were built in the 1960s. These pioneering aircraft include the British/French Concorde (cruise speed of Mach 2.0), the Russian TU-144 (cruise speed of Mach 2.2), and the famous American spy plane SR-71 Blackbird (while the actual cruise speed is classified, it is known to be well over Mach 3.0).

Airplanes have been around for more than 100 years. As you can see, many advances have been made, particularly in the last 70 years. Now, airplanes are still an important part of our lives. Today, engineers continue to strive to design better airplanes for commercial, military and general aviation. Engineers must consider both the principles addressed in earlier lessons of this unit as well as the economic effects of the airplanes they design.

History of Flight

As time passed, the speed of airplanes increased, from the 12 mph top speed of the Wright Brothers Kitty Hawk Flyer to the 400+ mph of the famous WWII era American P-51 Mustang.

Even though the velocity of newer aircraft was increasing, very soon it was realized that an invisible barrier was preventing aircraft from surpassing the speed of sound. This barrier is known as the "sound barrier." This barrier became the second biggest obstacle since man's first attempt at flying. In 1947, a young test pilot, Chuck Yeager, broke that barrier and exceeded the speed of sound. From that point on, a series of experimental supersonic aircraft took to the sky breaking one speed record after another. In 1962, the North American X-15 airplane achieved 6.7 times the speed of sound (Mach 6.7) at an altitude of 108 km.

Match

Match the following

• It Is Cold

• It Is Hot

• It Is Snowing

• It Is Cloudy

U-yv-tsa

U-di-le-ga

Gu-ti-ha

U-lo-gi-la

• U-yv-tsa

• U-di-le-ga

• Gu-ti-ha

• U-lo-gi-la

Match

Match the following

• aviation

• commercial aviation

• general aviation

• military aviation

general aviation

business is the transportation

all flying outside of the military

Army, Navy and Air Force

• general aviation

• business is the transportation

• all flying outside of the military

• Army, Navy and Air Force

Open Ended

What role do engineers play in aviation?

Open Ended

Which type of aviation uses the most airports?

Open Ended

What are some uses of general aviation?