7.7.1-Transport & Defense

Chapter 7
Human Body Systems
Lesson 7.7.1-Transport & Defense




Mrs. Freeman's Classroom (Notes to Print)

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Chapter 7-Human Body Systems
Lesson 7.7.1-Transport & Defense

Essential Questions we will answer in this lesson:

1. How do nutrients enter and leave the body?

2. How do nutrients travel through the body?

3. How does the body defend itself from harmful invaders?

Chapter 7-Human Body Systems
Lesson 7.7.1-Transport & Defense

Essential Questions we will answer in this lesson:

1. How do nutrients enter and leave the body?

2.

3.

Homeostasis

• The ability of the body to keep a healthy, internal balance

• Allows the body to perform at its best

• Homeo means constant

• Stasis means stable

Multiple Choice

One of the most common examples of homeostasis is body temperature. When your body temperature rises above normal, how does your body respond?

• shivers

• sweats

• coughs

Open Ended

How does your body respond when your body temperature drops below normal?

Maintaining Homeostasis

• Keeping a healthy balance involves negative feedback loops

• The goal of a negative feedback loop is to go against a change to bring the body back to its balance or set point

Multiple Choice

When your blood sugar is too high, what hormone is released?

• glucagon

• insulin

Open Ended

What can happen when homeostasis (a healthy balance in the body) is not maintained?

Multiple Choice

What might happen if you didn't run a fever when you got sick?

• You would recover much more quickly

• Your temperature would drop to dangerous levels

• Your body wouldn't fight the infection as efficiently as it could

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of negative feedback?

• A dog panting in the hot sun

• A pregnant woman experiencing contractions

• Waste building up in your intestines

Multiple Choice

What does it mean to maintain balance or homeostasis?

• Controlling what happens in the world around you.

• The controlling and maintaining of the internal environment of an organism.

​Digestive

Mechanical

Chemical

Multiple Choice

Where does digestion start?

• stomach

• mouth

• esophagus

Multiple Choice

Where does digestion start?

• stomach

• mouth

• esophagus

Multiple Choice

The teeth chew food and the stomach churns food into smaller particles. What is the name of this process?

• chemical digestion

• mechanical digestion

• absorption

• enzyme activity

Multiple Choice

Muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach

• Epiglottis
• Peristalsis
• Stomach
• Esophagus

Multiple Choice

A muscular bag that mixes and crushes food is your

• Small Intestine

• Stomach

• Large Intestine

• Esophagus

Multiple Choice

Where is most water absorbed during digestion?

• Small Intestine

• Stomach

• Large Intestine

• Esophagus

Multiple Choice

Where are most nutrients absorbed during digestion?

• Small Intestine

• Stomach

• Large Intestine

• Esophagus

Multiple Choice

 What is the main job of the digestive system? 

• break down foods into nutrients that can be used by the body
• take in oxygen and exhale waste like carbon dioxide
• pump blood throughout the body
• makes the body hungry

Multiple Choice

The function of the Excretory System is to break down toxic chemicals in the ______

• Water

• Blood

• Brain

• Skin

Fill in the Blank

The main organs of the Excretory System are the _________

Fill in the Blank

The kidneys filter out _____

Multiple Choice

The lungs are the main organ of the __________

• Cardiovascular

• Circulatory

• Excretory

• Respiratory

Fill in the Blank

the Lungs help us remove __________ from the body

Fill in the Blank

How does the skin remove excess water and salt?

Chapter 7-Human Body Systems
Lesson 7.7.1-Transport & Defense

Essential Questions we will answer in this lesson:

1.


2. How do nutrients travel through the body?

3.

​

Reorder

Put in order of smallest to largest.

(What combines to create what?)

• cell

• Tissue

• organ

• Organ system

• Organism

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Does two very important things:

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• brings oxygen into our bodies, which our cells need to function properly

• helps us get rid of carbon dioxide, which is a waste product of cellular respiration

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RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Multiple Choice

What is the function of the respiratory system

• Take in O2 only

• Remove CO2 only

• Take in O2 ad remove CO2

• Make sugar

Multiple Choice

Which is the main organ of the respiratory system?

• heart

• lungs

• kidney

• brain

NASAL CAVITY

• warms

• moisturizes

• filters air

Multiple Choice

Hair in your nose and mucus help to trap dust, bacteria, and other materials from going into your lungs when you breathe in.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

Passage way that moistens the air and has hairs to trap dust and particles

• Nasal cavity

• Bronchi

• Mouth cavity

• Larynx

Definition of terms:

• Respiration: a process in living organisms involving the production of energy, typically with the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide from the oxidation of complex organic substances.

• Gas exchange: It  is the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs.

• Diffusion: the process of a substance spreading out to evenly fill its container or environment.

Inside the lungs there are lots of little sacks called.......

Here, oxygen passes into the blood and carbon dioxide leaves the blood.

Parts of the Respiratory System

- Mouth/nose

- Nasal passages

- Pharynx

- Larynx

- Trachea (windpipe)

- Bronchi

- Lungs

- Diaphragm

Mouth and Nose

Your mouth and nose provide air passage ways for air to move in and out of your body.

Pharynx

The main job of the pharynx is to warm and moisten the air that you breathe in. The pharynx connects your mouth and nasal passages to the trachea.

Larynx

The larynx is a hollow, muscular organ that connects your mouth, nose, and pharynx to the trachea. The larynx also helps you make sounds and talk.

Multiple Choice

The mouth and nose are parts of the respiratory system

• TRUE

• FALSE

Multiple Choice

The larynx is responsible for

• breathing

• making sounds

• eating

• pumping blood

Trachea

The trachea is the tube or pipe that connects your mouth and nose to your lungs. The trachea (tray-key-ah) is made of cartilage, muscle, and membranous tissues. Near the bottom, the trachea splits into 2 smaller tubes called Bronchial tubes which connect to your lungs.

Multiple Choice

Your trachea connects your mouth to your

• stomach

• lungs

• ears

• heart

Lungs

Your lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system. Inside your lungs are tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that allow for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. These capillaries cover tiny air sacs called Alveoli.

Breathing in

• When you breathe in, your diaphragm and rin muscles contract, pulling air into your lungs. The air travels in through your mouth or nose, down through your pharynx, larynx, and trachea to the bronchi, then into your lungs.

Breathing In

In your lungs, your blood passes through capillaries that cover small air sacs called Alveoli. The alveoli allow the carbon dioxide in your blood to escape as your red blood cells pass through the capillaries. After releasing carbon dioxide, your red blood cells replace it with oxygen to be transported to your cells.

Multiple Choice

Where does the blood coming to the lungs (deoxygenated) come from?

• Your toes

• Your heart

• Your brain

• Your arms

Multiple Choice

After releasing carbon dioxide to be breathed out and replacing it with oxygen, where does your blood go?

• back to your heart

• to your arms and legs

• to your brain

Breathing Out

When you breathe out, your rib muscles and diaphragm relax, pushing the air out of your lungs and back through your trachea to your mouth and nose. When you breathe out, you are expelling or getting rid of the carbon dioxide produced in your cells.

Multiple Choice

The respiratory system works with which other system to get oxygen to your cells?

• Muscular

• Skeletal

• Digestive

• Circulatory

Multiple Choice

When your breathe in, your diaphragm

• contracts, pulling air into your lungs

• relaxes, pulling air into your lungs

• contracts, pushing air out of your lungs

• relaxes, pushing air out of your lungs

The Circulatory System

Blood carries things like oxygen and nutrients to each cell in the body. The heart pumps blood through the body through a system of tubes called blood vessels.

The Circulatory System

Arteries are a type of blood vessel that carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart. Veins are another type of blood vessel which carries oxygen-poor blood back to the heart.

Multiple Choice

What pumps blood through the body?

• heart

• blood vessels

• lungs

Multiple Choice

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart are called:

• veins

• arteries

Multiple Choice

Blood vessels that carry oxygen-poor blood back to the heart are called:

• veins

• arteries

Multiple Select

What are the functions of the circulatory system?

Select ALL that apply.

• carries oxygen and nutrients to cells

• carries waste away from cells

• works with respiratory system to provide oxygen and get rid of wastes

• removes CO2 and H2O when you exhale

Multiple Select

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

Select ALL that apply.

• provides oxygen for your cells

• removes CO2 and H2O when you exhale

• carries oxygen and nutrients

• provides shape and support for muscle

Open Ended

Where does oxygen go once it enters the lungs?

Open Ended

Why is it necessary for the respiratory and circulatory systems to work together?

Multiple Select

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

Select ALL that apply.

• provides oxygen for your cells

• removes CO2 and H2O when you exhale

• carries oxygen and nutrients

• provides shape and support for muscle

Multiple Choice

What is the main function of the oxygen taken in through breathing?

• It moves blood throughout the body.

• It directly breaks down food in the stomach.

• It is used to make energy needed by cells to function.

• It is added to bones in the arms and legs as they grow.

Multiple Choice

Which explains how the circulatory system and respiratory system work together to sustain the human body?

• The respiratory system takes in oxygen that is carried by the circulatory system throughout the body.

• The respiratory system and circulatory system work to regulate temperature by cooling or warming the body.

• The respiratory system takes in carbon dioxide that is carried by the circulatory system to cells for respiration.

• The respiratory system and circulatory system both excrete waste to the digestive and excretory systems.

Chapter 7-Human Body Systems
Lesson 7.7.1-Transport & Defense

Essential Questions we will answer in this lesson:

1.

2.

3. How does the body defend itself from harmful invaders?

​

Match

Match the following

• Integumentary System

• Respiratory System

• Digestive System

• Lymphatic System

• Immune System

intact skin

cilia in the airway

acids and enzymes

network of cells, tissues, organs and vessels

prevents and fights infetion

• intact skin

• cilia in the airway

• acids and enzymes

• network of cells, tissues, organs and vessels

• prevents and fights infetion

Match

Match the following

• lymph

• lymphatic vessels

• lymph node

• tonsils

• thymus

removes wastes and toxins

thin-walled and carry lymph

small bean filtering foreign substances

small masses trapping pathogens

located in the mediastinum

• removes wastes and toxins

• thin-walled and carry lymph

• small bean filtering foreign substances

• small masses trapping pathogens

• located in the mediastinum

Multiple Choice

The spleen is __________.

• the largest of the lymphatic organs

• the smallest of the lymphatic organs

• hollow and considered a bag of blood

• solid and unimportant

Multiple Choice

What is the body's first line of defense against disease?

• skin

• blood

• antibodies

• enzymes

Multiple Choice

What are Lymphocytes?

• A type of red blood cell
• A nucleus 
• A type of white blood cell
• Bone Marrow

Multiple Choice

Cells that ingest pathogens are

• plasma cells
• phagocytic cells
• helper T cells
• antibodies

Multiple Choice

What is the ability to resist the pathogens that cause a particular disease?

• defense

• immunity

• immune system

Multiple Choice

How are vaccinations able to help us develop immunity?

• Exposure to disease creates antibodies which make us immune

• Exposure to antibodies which makes us the disease immune to us

• Exposure to immunity's which make us antibodies to the disease

Multiple Choice

As part of the immune system, white blood cells fight germs. Another name for white blood cells is ....

• a. Rhinovirus

• c. Glands

• b. Leukocytes

• d. Nodes

Multiple Choice

White blood cells are the main cells of the immune system.  Where are they produced?

• Bone marrow
• Veins & arteries
• Stomach
• None of the above