Protein Synthesis Part 2

Transcription to Translation

Multiple Choice

What is the role of mRNA

• Carry an amino acid to the ribosome

• Copy the instructions from DNA and carry it out of the nucleus

• Make up the ribosomes

Match

Match the following

• Uracil

• Thymine

• DNA

• RNA

RNA

DNA

Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

• RNA

• DNA

• Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine

• Adenine, Uracil, Cytosine, Guanine

Review of Transcription

The first step of Protein Synthesis is Transcription

​Transcription: The first step in Protein Synthesis

​Transcription occurs in the Nucleus

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The purpose of Transcription is to make mRNA to carry the DNA instructions out of the nucleus

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Multiple Choice

Where does Transcription occur

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

• ER

• Mitochondria

​Transcription: The Process

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RNA Polymerase builds mRNA strand by attaching the complementary RNA base to the DNA strand ​

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This mRNA then leaves the nucleus​

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​Transcription: The first step

​DNA to mRNA complementary bases

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Adenine in DNA binds Uracil in mRNA (A - U)

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Thymine in DNA binds Adenine in mRNA (T - A ​)

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​Cytosine in DNA binds Guanine in mRNA (C - G)

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Guanine in DNA binds Cytosine in mRNA (G - C)​

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Multiple Choice

Macromolecule that carries protein instructions to ribosomes, makes up ribosomes, aand brings amino acids to the ribosomes (messenger, ribosomal, and transfer).

• Phosphorus

• DNA

• Mutagen

• RNA

Multiple Choice

Process of unwinding DNA (A, T, C, G) and using 1 of it's 2 strands as a template to make mRNA (A, U, C, G), using the same language of nucleotides (A, T, U, C, G).

• Biotechnology

• Translation

• Plasmid

• Transcription

Multiple Choice

What is the three-base sequence of mRNA that codes for a single amino acid?

• Anticodon

• Codon

• Protein

Multiple Choice

When these bond together, they form a protein

• Amino Acids

• Peptide Bonds

• Ribose

• Nucleotides

Multiple Choice

The molecule that synthesizes the mRNA inside the nucleus

• DNA polymerase

• Nucleotides

• RNA polymerase

• helicase

Multiple Choice

True or False:

Transcription makes a copy of the FULL chromosome at one time.

• true

• false

• Ms. Mo I wasn't listening when you were teaching

Multiple Choice

What is the mRNA for the following DNA strand?

TAC GTA

• GCT AGC

• ATG CAT

• AUG CAU

Translation

The second step of Protein Synthesis

​Translation: the Second step in Protein Synthesis

​Translation occurs at the Ribosome in the Cytoplasm

​

The purpose of Translation is to build proteins according to the mRNA instructions

Subject | Subject

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Multiple Choice

Where does Translation occur?

• Nucleus

• Ribosome

• ER

• Chloroplast

​Translation: the Second step in Protein Synthesis

​The Process of Translation:

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1) The mRNA goes to the ribosome in the cytoplasm ​

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2) The Ribosome reads the mRNA one codon* at a time

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​Codon* Three nucleotide sequence on mRNA that codes for a specific amino acid

​Translation: the Second step in Protein Synthesis

​The Process of Translation:

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3) The ribosome matches the codon on mRNA to the anti-codon on tRNA*

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​4) The ribosome binds the amino acids in order into a protein chain

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​tRNA* : has an anticodon and the specific amino acid for that anticodon

Multiple Choice

What is the end product of translation?

• mRNA that can leave the nucleus

• Amino acid chain

• monosaccharide chain

• Anticodon

Multiple Choice

What is an anticodon?

• rRNA

• an amino acid

• Three nucleotide sequence found on mRNA

• Three nucleotide sequence found on tRNA

Some text here about the topic of discussion

Match

Match the following

• Transcription

• mRNA (messenger RNA)

• Translation

• tRNA

• Ribosome

1st part of making proteins

Occurs during transcription

2nd part of making proteins

Helps assemble proteins by carrying specific amino acids

The site of protein creation (synthesis)

• 1st part of making proteins

• Occurs during transcription

• 2nd part of making proteins

• Helps assemble proteins by carrying specific amino acids

• The site of protein creation (synthesis)

Multiple Choice

Technique separating molecules of DNA, RNA, or proteins by size and charge, working like a sieve filtering particles. Smaller particles move further, thus separating by size.

• Plasmids

• Antibiotics

• DNA Polymerase

• Gel Electrophoresis