Industrial Revolution Part 2

Match

Match the following inventions from the Industrial Revolution

• A wool spinning machine

• Long-distance communication tool

• A knitting machine

• A floor-based matieral

• Extracted seeds from cotton

Spinning Jenny

Telegraph

Flying Shuttle

Concrete

Cotton Gin

• Spinning Jenny

• Telegraph

• Flying Shuttle

• Concrete

• Cotton Gin

Match

Match the following

• Level surface for land transportation

• Electrical pwoer source

• Rail-based vehicle

• A image-capturing technique

• Waterway transportation

Modern Roads

Modern Battery

Locomotive

Photograph

Watt Steam Engine

• Modern Roads

• Modern Battery

• Locomotive

• Photograph

• Watt Steam Engine

Multiple Select

What did most inventions during the Industrial Revolution change in America?

• Quantity/Amount of goods that can be made

• Internet-based technology

• Speed of production and transportation improved

• Reliance on wind, water and sun light

• Reliance on electricity, coal, and eventually oil

Working Women

The Industrial Revolution was a major turning point in history and changed the way of life for everyone. One major change was a shift in the roles of women. For the first time, a large number of women began to work jobs outside of the home. This newfound independence gave rise to other changes including the women's rights movement.

Lowell Mill Girls

One of the first factories in the United States to begin hiring women was the textile mills in Lowell, Massachusetts. By the 1840s, around seventy-five percent of the workforce at Lowell mills were women. These women became known as "Mill Girls" or "Lowell Girls."

Multiple Choice

In what city in Massachusetts did a large number of women first begin to work in the mills?

• a. Boston

• b. Springfield

• c. Cambridge

• d. Lowell

• e. New Bedford

Getting Away From The Farm

Most of the "Mill Girls" were the daughters of farmers in the northeast. They took the opportunity to get away from the farm and make some money of their own. Sometimes girls took the jobs to help out their family or to save money for a future family. The women lived in large boarding houses with hundreds of other women. There were lots of rules that the girls had to live by. They typically shared a room with several other women, had to attend church on Sundays, and no men were allowed in the boarding houses.

Multiple Choice

What was the background of most of the mill girls?

• a. Farmers' daughters

• b. Orphans from England

• c. Older women who never married

• d. Mine workers

• e. Rich city girls

Lower Wages and Poor Safety

One reason that the factory owners liked to hire women was because they could pay them less. At the time, women made around half of what men made for doing the same job. It may sound strange now, but back then people thought that men should make more money because they provided for the family, while the money women made was considered "extra" money. A Young Girl Working by Lewis Wickes Hine Working conditions in the factories were not great. The women worked long hours from early morning to late at night. They often worked over 70 hours a week. The factory rooms were crowed and very loud. Although the women did much of the work, the supervisors were generally all men.

Multiple Choice

Why did factory owners like to hire women?

• a. Because they worked harder than men

• b. Because they were strong

• c. Because they could pay them less than men

• d. To help women enter the workforce

• e. To meet government regulations

Multiple Choice

True or False: Most of the supervisors in the factories were also women.

• a. TRUE

• b. FALSE

Woman's Rights Movement

As women began to work together in large groups, they gained a sense of community. They joined the labor movement to improve working conditions and fought for the abolition of slavery. They also began to fight for women's rights. Leaders such as Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton formed groups to push for women's right to vote during the Industrial Revolution. It took a long time and a lot of work, but women finally gained the right to vote when the 19th Amendment was ratified in 1920.

Multiple Choice

What did the women of Lowell Mills do in 1836 when the company raised their rent?

• a. They paid the higher rent

• b. They destroyed the factory

• c. They took other jobs

• d. They started their own factory

• e. They went on strike

Interesting Facts

• The Lowell women had their own monthly publication where they contributed articles, poems, and stories.

• Dorothea Dix recruited thousands of women to become nurses during the Civil War.

• The first women's rights convention was held in Seneca Falls, New York in 1848.

• When the Lowell factory tried to raise the rent at the boarding houses in 1836, the Lowell women went on strike. The factory eventually gave in and lowered the rent.

• Typical wages in the mid-1800s for a woman working at a mill was between $3.00 and $3.50 a week.

The Civil War

The Civil War took place during the latter part of the Industrial Revolution. With so many men gone to war or killed in battle, new jobs were opened up to women and even more women entered the work force.

Multiple Choice

What movement started when women began to work outside the home?

• a. Women's Rights Movement

• b. Disability Movement

• c. Child Labor Movement

• d. Minimum Wage Movement

• e. None of the above

Multiple Choice

Around how much a week did a woman working at a mill make in the mid-1800s?

• a. $3

• b. $15

• c. $50

• d. $100

• e. $200

Multiple Choice

What amendment to the Constitution gave women the right to vote in 1920?

• a. 2nd

• b. 5th

• c. 13th

• d. 14th

• e. 19th

Multiple Choice

True or False: Women were paid less because their wages were looked at as extra money.

• a. TRUE

• b. FALSE