The Menstrual Cycle

The Menstrual Cycle

Brainstorming Time!

What do you know about menstrual cycle?

Does menstruation occur only in humans?

What factors control menstrual cycle?

​Menstrual Cycle

The cycle of producing and releasing mature ova from the female reproductive organs.

One of  two ovaries release alternatively every 28 days

​It is a long-term proces controlled by numbers of hormones, which

• Prepare the uterus to receive any fertilized ova

• Control the development of mature ova
  

Hormones involved in menstrual cycle

• Oestrogen

• Progesterone

• FSH

• LH

Multiple Choice

Menstrual Cycle is controlled by

• drugs

• food

• environment

• hormones

PHASES OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE

​1. Menstruation

• Also known as Period and lasts about 5 days

• The uterus lining is shed together with blood and tissue fragments

• The stage is triggered by a decrease in concentration of progesterone
  
  
  

Multiple Choice

A woman's period may last for

• 28 days

• 5 days

• 3 days

• 13 days

• Blood vessels grow and uterus lining become to thick again and stable

• This stage is triggered by increase concentration in oestrogen

​2. Repair Phase

Multiple Choice

The shed uterus lining become to thick again

• before menstruation

• during menstruation

• after menstruation

• at the time of birth

• A mature egg is released into oviduct from the ovary

• If the sperm arrive at oviduct, fertilisation occur and a women become pregnant

• Ovulation occurs during 13^th to 15^th days of menstrual cycle

• It is triggered by Luteinising hormone

​

​3.Ovulation

Multiple Choice

Ovulation is the release of an egg from

• oviduct

• ovary

• uterus

• testis

Multiple Choice

Ovulation happens on what days of menstrual cycle?

• 12

• 14

• 16

• 18

​4.Receptive Phase

• The uterus lining and blood vessels are now well developed

• If fertlisation has occurred, the embryo can become buried in the lining (Implantation)

• It is triggered by an increase concentration of progesterone.

​5. Premenstrual phase

• The uterus lining start broken down unless embryo implantation

• Progesterone hormone level fall of

• And menstruation starts and the cycle starts again

• If pregnancy happens, menstrual cycle stops and progesterone level stay high

Multiple Select

Pregnancy can happen ________phase of menstrual cycle fertilisation has occurred.

• Menstruation

• Repair

• Receptive

• Premenstrual

Open Ended

How many hormones stimulate the processes of menstrual cycle?

Multiple Choice

Oestrogen and progesterone are secreted by

• pancreas

• brain

• testes

• ovary

Multiple Choice

FSH and LH are secreted by

• testes

• ovary

• pituitary gland

• pancreas