Protein Synthesis Spiral Back

Protein Synthesis Spiral Back

Biology 1 Hon

Central Dogma

DNA is transcribed into RNA and then translated into Protein

Reorder

Genetic information flows in one direction put the following steps in order

• DNA

• RNA

• Protein

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Transcription

• RNA bases (AUGC) are matched with DNA strands to copy their message into RNA (mRNA)

  • A --> U

  • G <--> C

  • T --> A

• Occurs in the nucleus in eukaryotes

• RNA and DNA have different sugars

  • RNA - ribose

  • DNA - deoxyribose

• RNA and DNA have different nitrogenous bases

  • RNA - AUGC

  • DNA - ATGC

• DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded

DNA and RNA Differences

Match

Match the following using base pairing rules for DNA to RNA.

• A

• T

• G

• C

U

A

C

G

• U

• A

• C

• G

Multiple Select

Select all of the following that are differences between DNA and RNA.

• Number of strands

• made of nucleic acids

• Nitrogenous bases

• Sugar

• mRNA leaves the nucleus and travels through the cytoplasm to the ribosome.

• mRNA attaches to the ribosome and is read 3 bases at a time (codon)

• Each codon codes for a specific amino acid which is brought by tRNA (transfer RNA).

• As the amino acids are added they form a protein.

Translation

Labelling

Label the diagram

Drag labels to their correct position on the image

Nucleus

Translation

Ribosome

mRNA

tRNA

Transcription

Multiple Choice

During transcription this type of RNA is responsible for copy the DNA and bringing it out of the nucleus.

• tRNA

• mRNA

• rRNA

• dRNA

Multiple Choice

Each set of 3 nucleotides used to code for a specific amino acid is called what?

• codon

• RNA

• tridon

• base

Match

Use the chart to match the mRNA sequence to the correct amino acid

• UUU

• CAG

• GGG

• AUG

• CAC

Phe

Gln

Gly

Met

His

• Phe

• Gln

• Gly

• Met

• His

Multiple Choice

Which organelle contains rRNA and is responsible for reading mRNA in order to synthesize a protein?

• mitochondria

• chloroplast

• ribosome

• nucleus

Multiple Choice

What is the monomer (building block) of protein?

• lipid

• amino acid

• nucleic acid

• sugar

Multiple Choice

What is the complementary RNA sequence for the following DNA sequence: ATATGCCG

• TATACGGC

• UAUACGGC

• GCGCAUUA

• GCGCATTA

Multiple Choice

What is the location in the cell when translation occurs?

• nucleus

• ribosome

• lysosome

• mitochondria

Multiple Choice

In what process is mRNA synthesized?

• Translation

• Transposition

• Transcription

• Transportation

Multiple Choice

What brings the amino acids to the ribosome to assemble a protein?

• mRNA

• DNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

Multiple Choice

What is the location where transcription occurs?

• lysosome

• cytoplasm

• nucleus

• chloroplast

Reorder

What are the steps in order of protein synthesis?

• messenger RNA is produced during transcription

• mRNA leaves the nucleus and heads to the ribosome

• tRNA transfers amino acids to the ribosome based on the codon in mRNA

• amino acids are bound together in a peptide chain

• a protein is formed

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