Unit 2 Periodic Table TCAP Review

Multiple Choice

Which statement correctly describes one of the substances?

• Ammonia gas is a substance made from atoms of the elements nitrogen & hydrogen, & each atom has a nucleus containing the same # of neutrons.

• Ammonia gas is a substance made from atoms of argon, & each atom has a nucleus containing the same # of protons.

Multiple Choice

Based on the particle models in Table 1, which correctly sorts the elemental and compound molecules?

Multiple Choice

Which conclusion is best supported by the results from heating the ammonia?

• Ammonia changes into 2 new substances and forms 1 pure mixture.

• Ammonia changes into 2 new substances and forms a mixture.

Multiple Choice

Which particle diagram can the student add to table 2 to show the breaking apart of ammonia due to the temperature change follows the Law of Conservation of Mass?

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Finding Patterns
on the Periodic
Table: Determining
Shells and Valence
Electrons for
Elements in
Groups 1 - 8

Each row is called a “period”

The elements in each period have the same number of
energy levels, or shells

1st Period = 1 Shell

2nd Period = 2 Shells

3rd Period = 3 Shells

4th Period = 4 Shells

Each column is
called a “group”.

Each element in a
group has the same
number of electrons
in their outer orbital,
also known as a
“shell”.

Group 1 = 1 electron

Group 2 = 2 electrons

Group 8 = 8 electrons

Except for He, it
has 2 electrons

The electrons in the
outer shell are called
“valence electrons”.
The group number tells
you the number of
valence electrons.

3,4,5,6,7

Groups / Families

• Elements want to have full valence shells

• Elements will gain or lose electrons in order to have a full valence shell

• How reactive an Element is, is based on how close they are to a full valence shell.

Multiple Choice

Each element in a
group has the same
number of electrons
in their outer orbital,
also known as a
“_____”.

• shell

• electrons

Multiple Choice

The electrons in the
outer shell are called
“valence electrons”.
The group number tells
you the number of
_______ electrons.

• orbital

• valence

Group 1

● Hydrogen is not a member,

it is a non-metal

● All are metals and solid at

room temp

● 1 Valence Electron
● Soft and silvery, shiny
● Very reactive, esp. with

water

● Conduct electricity
● Li, Na, K,Rb,Cs,Fr

Alkali Metals

Potassium

• Potassium video for reactivity

Group 7
● F,Cl,Br,I,At,Ts
● 7 electrons in the

outer shell

● Non-metals, Ts

is unknown

● Very reactive -

are often bonded
with Group 1
Alkali Metals

● Has 2 gases, 1

liquid (Br), and 2
solids

Halogens

Iodine

​Video

Group 8
● He, Ne,Ar,Kr,Xe,

Rn,Og

● Exist as gases
● Non-metals
● 8 electrons in the

outer shell = Full

● Helium (He) has

only 2 electrons
in the outer shell
= Full

● Not reactive with

other elements

Noble Gases

Neon

​Video

We do not cover
transition metals
and metallic
bonds.

This is something
you will learn
more about in
High School
Chemistry.

TransitionMetals

Multiple Choice

What # of shells are there for carbon = C?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

How many valence electrons are there for carbon = C?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Carbon - C

2nd Period = 2 shells

4th Group =

4 valence
electrons

Determine the number of shells and the

number of valence electrons for:

Multiple Choice

The # of shells in sodium = Na?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Multiple Choice

The # of valence electrons in sodium = Na?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Sodium - Na

3rd Period = 3 shells

1st Group =

1 valence
electron

Determine the number of shells and the

number of valence electrons for:

​Write the name of the element, how many shells it has, & how many valence electrons it has.

​1. Ne
2. H
3. Be
4. S
5. K
6. He

Multiple Choice

Which below describes neon?

• Neon
  2 Shells
  8 Valence electrons

• Neon
  2 Shells
  6 Valence electrons

• Neon
  2 Shells
  4 Valence electrons

• Neon
  2 Shells
  2 Valence electrons

Multiple Choice

Which below describes H?

• Hydrogen
  2 Shells
  1 Valence electron

• Hydrogen
  2 Shells
  0 Valence electron

• Hydrogen
  1 Shell
  2 Valence electron

• Hydrogen
  1 Shell
  1 Valence electron

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes Be?

• Beryllium
  2 Shells
  1 Valence electron

• Beryllium
  2 Shells
  2 Valence electrons

• Beryllium
  2 Shells
  4 Valence electrons

• Beryllium
  3 Shells
  2 Valence electrons

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes S?

• Sulfur
  3 Shells
  2 Valence electrons

• Sulfur
  3 Shells
  6 Valence electrons

• Sulfur
  3 Shells
  3 Valence electrons

• Sulfur
  3 Shells
  12 Valence electrons

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes K?

• Kryptonite
  4 Shells
  1 Valence electron

• Potassium
  4 Shells
  1 Valence electron

• Kryptonite
  3 Shells
  1 Valence electron

• Potassium
  3 Shells
  1 Valence electron

Multiple Choice

Which of the following describes He?

• Helium
  1 Shell
  2 Valence electrons

• Helium
  1 Shell
  1 Valence electron

• Hero
  1 Shell
  2 Valence electrons

• Hero
  1 Shell
  1 Valence electron