Catholicism vs. Protestantism

The Impact of the Reformation

The Counter-Reformation

• a movement in which the Church attempts to make changes to correct its own corruption and abuses, and tried to win people back

The Council of Trent

• a meeting of Catholic leaders to talk about how to eliminate corruption from the Church and stop the spread of Protestantism

• began in 1545 and continued to work over the next 18 years

Multiple Choice

The Council of Trent, which began meeting in 1545, was a council

• that worked to combine Catholicism and Protestantism.

• that fought both Church corruption and Protestantism.

• dedicated to preserving the corruptions of the Church.

• focused on making Protestantism the official religion.

The Council of Trent: A Statement of Beliefs

• Rejected predestination, stated that people do have to a say in deciding the fate of their souls

• Agreed with Protestants that faith was important and that salvation was a gift from God, but disagreed that faith alone could provide salvation

• Insisted that faith, good works, and the sacraments were needed for salvation; maintained all seven sacraments

Changes made by the Council of Trent

• Required better education and training of its clergy; priests and bishops to spend more time preaching

• Corrected many of the abuses involving money and Church positions

• Created rules for services to be consistent from church to church

• Overall, the Council of Trent set a higher standard for the clergy and Church leadership, and helped to unify the Church

Multiple Choice

Which of the following was a change the Council of Trent made to the Catholic Church?

• better education of its clergy

• more preaching from priests

• less abuses involving money

• all of the above

Multiple Choice

Which of these was NOT an accomplishment of the Council of Trent?

• Approved the first English translation of the Bible

• Clarified the teachings of the Catholic Church

• Helped to unify the Church

• Created more consistency in services and practices throughout the Church

Catholic Reformers and Missionaries

• Many Catholics wanted to help reform the Church and spread its message

• New religious orders were formed to preach, educate people, and perform services, such as feeding the poor

• The Society of Jesus, know as Jesuits, was an order founded by Ignatius of Loyola of dedicated teachers and missionaries who founded schools and colleges; helped bring Europeans back to the Church and worked to spread Catholicism in Africa, Asia, and the Americas.

Other ways the Church fought the spread of Protestantism

• Condemned beliefs that went against Catholic beliefs; published a list of books that were forbidden

• people who disagreed with the Church were labeled "heretics" and were dealt with harshly and even put to death

• the Church created The Inquisition, which was a Church court created to try and punish heretics.

• The Inquisition was used by the Church to persecute and even execute those who disagreed with the Church

• In Spain, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella used the Spanish Inquisition to persecute Jews and Muslims.

Multiple Choice

To deal with heretics (people accused of heresy), the Church established the

• Proposition

• Restoration

• Constitution

• Inquisition

Multiple Choice

What was the main purpose of the Inquisition?

• Encourage the growth of Protestantism and other beliefs that went against the teachings of the Catholic Church

• Combat the spread of Protestantism and other beliefs that went against the teachings of the Catholic Church

• Provide a safe place for Jews, Muslims, and Protestants to live in Spain

• Allow for dialogue and the exchange of ideas between Catholics and Protestants

Effects of the Reformation

• Religious divisions of the Reformation led to wars and persecution in the 16th and 17th centuries.

• Catholics and Protestants persecuted each other, as well as members of other denominations

• Many people died; many fled their homes for countries that were accepting of their beliefs; over one million people dead between 1562 and 1598

• Wars were about religious beliefs, but also about political power; this led to creation of boundaries that divided Catholic and Protestant lands - northern Europe and Germany were Protestant, while most of the rest of Europe remained Catholic

More Effects of the Reformation

• More and more people began to identify with their nation rather than with their local area, which led to growing feelings of nationalism

• Monarchies became more powerful as there was a revival of the old idea of the "divine right of kings"

• Democratic ideas; people looked toward more religious freedom and a right to act on your beliefs; Protestant churches allowed their members to choose their leaders

• By the 1700s Europeans were exploring the world, bringing their religious ideas with them; for example, most English explorers were Protestant which led to Protestant English colonies in the Americas; Spanish explorers brought Catholicism to Central and South America

Multiple Select

What were some effects of the Reformation? Check all that apply.

• It spawned feelings of nationalism throughout Europe.

• Protestants claimed much of Asia while Catholics controlled Europe

• It lead to the beginning of democratic ideas

• It created religious boundaries that largely remain today.

Multiple Choice

Which of these was NOT an effect of Reformation?

• violence between Catholics and Protestants

• the elimination of the Catholic Church

• Monarchs became more powerful

• Catholics and Protestants spread their beliefs around the world

Categorize

Options (9)

Church was as important as the Bible

The Bibile was more important than church

Predeistination

Good works and sacraments needed for salvation

Only faith is needed for salvation

Priests

Pastors

Rankings among Church officials

No rankings among church members

Organize these options between traits of the Catholic Church vs. the Protestant Faith

Catholic Church

Protestant Faith