Презентация Passive Voice.pdf

Авдей Юрьевич

What is passive voice in English?

• В английском языке существует два залога — активный (active voice) и пассивный или страдательный (passivenvoice). В активном залоге действие выполняет nподлежащее. В пассивном залоге действие происходит над подлежащим. Давайте сравним:

Examples:
• Mary cleans the office every morning.
• The office is cleaned every morning.

• She asked her students to come earlier.
• The students were asked to come earlier.

•Схемы построения предложения:
• Active: SUBJECT + VERB + OBJECT

• Passive: SUBJECT + TO BE + V3 + (BY + AGENT)

Multiple Choice

Peter ... home by a techer.

• was sent

• been sent

• sent

• have sent

Когда используется Passive voice?

• 1. Нам неизвестно, неважно или неинтересно, кто совершил
действие (акцент на самом событии):
My neighbour’s bike was stolen.
Local store was robbed at night.

• 2. Речь идет об общих фактах, идеях, мнениях:
Quentin Tarantino is known all around the world.
His picture was described as the best artwork of the past year.

• 3. Когда хотим сделать высказывание вежливым или формальным
(сравните):
“Have you cancelled the meeting?” Or “Has the meeting been cancelled?”

“You haven’t paid for electricity since January!” Or “The electricity hasn’t been paid for since January.”

Сравните предложения

•Thousands of dollars are spent on coffee in America every day.

•The radio was invented 150 years ago.

•The letter will be sent tomorrow.

Present Simple:

• SUBJECT + am/is/are + V3
• The film is directed by Robert B. Weide.

•Past Simple

• SUBJECT + was/were + V3
• This house was built in the 19th century.

•Future Simple

• SUBJECT + will be + V3
• The crimes will be investigated.

Сравните предложения

•The car is being refueled now.

•The exam was being taken yesterday morning.

Present Continuous:

•SUBJECT + am/is/are + being + V3
•Right now I am being told lies.

•Past Continuous

•SUBJECT + was/were + being + V3
•His car was being repaired the whole day
yesterday.

•Future Continuous в страдательном
залоге не употребляется!

Сравните предложения

•The flowers have already been watered.

•The police had been called before the burglars ran away.

•The article will have been rewritten by
tomorrow morning.

Present Perfect:

• SUBJECT + has/have + been + V3
• The meeting has already been held.

•Past Perfect

• SUBJECT + had + been + V3
• The meeting had been held before you came to work.

•Future Perfect

• SUBJECT + will have + been + V3
• The project will have been completed by Thursday.

Внимательно посмотрите на
предложения:

•I left my camera on the bench and it was not
stolen!

•The car has not been transported yet.

•I am not often invited to the parties

Отрицание в Passive Voice:

•Частицу not необходимо поставить после
первого вспомогательного глагола.

•The gift has been bought. –
•The gift has not been bought yet.

•This book was written by him. –
•This book was not written by him.

•The kitchen will have been cleaned. –
•The kitchen will not have been cleaned.

Внимательно посмотрите на
предложения:

•Will the meeting be held next week?

•Was the match canceled because of the
weather?

•Will pizza be delivered tomorrow?

Вопросы в Passive Voice:

•Вспомогательный глагол ставится на первое
место, либо после вопросительного слова:

•This book will be delivered tomorrow. –
•Will this book be delivered tomorrow?.

•You are often invited to the parties. –
•Are you often invited to the parties?.

•I was born in Irkutsk. –
•Where were you born?.

Answer the questions, using passive voice:

•I was born in…

•I am named after…

•My homework has been…

•My breakfast has (not) been…

Rewrite sentence from active voice to passive voice:

•Example:
•We learn English. — English is learnt by us.

1. The teacher sent Peter home.
2. They told me about the accident.
3. We will find our pets.
4. Next year we will learn French.
5. The teacher asked her a question.
6. I take my dog out every day.

Fill in the Blanks

Rewrite sentence in passive voice:

They told me about the accident.

Translate sentences using Present Simple active and Present Simple passive:

• хвалить — praise
• рассказывать — tell
• оценки – grades

1. Я всегда хвалю моих друзей.
2. Меня всегда хвалят дома.
3. Каждую пятницу папа показывает дедушке мои оценки.
4. Каждую пятницу папе показывают мои оценки.
5. Мы часто вспоминаем вас.
6. Нас часто вспоминают в деревне.
7. Мне дают сок каждое утро.
8. Каждое утро я даю кошке молоко.

Homework:

•Repeat the rules!
•Student’s book: Module 6C, p.94, Ex.1 (read
text, complete the table), Ex. 2 (rewrite
sentences)