

Modal verbs
Presentation
•
English
•
12th Grade
•
Practice Problem
•
Hard
Edyta Przybył
Used 6+ times
FREE Resource
5 Slides • 6 Questions
1
MODAL VERBS for
obligation, permission
Focus 2, Pearson, praca zbiorowa, s. 132
2
Aby wyrazić nakaz, konieczność lub przymus, używamy:
czasownika modalnego must,
zwłaszcza kiedy opisujemy wewnętrzną konieczność odczuwaną przez osobę mówiącą:
I must talk to her right now. Muszę z nią natychmiast porozmawiać.
(Mam taką potrzebę.)
konstrukcji have to,
kiedy opisujemy przymus zewnętrzny wynikający z przepisów lub ustaleń:
My brother has to wear a suit to work. Mój brat musi nosić do pracy garnitur.
(Takie są tam zasady.)
konstrukcji need to:
Neil often needs to do overtime. Neil często musi brać nadgodziny.
3
Aby wyrazić brak przymusu lub konieczności, używamy:
konstrukcji don’t have to:
A tourist guide doesn’t have to do physical work.
Przewodnik turystyczny nie musi pracować fizycznie.
konstrukcji don’t need to / needn’t:
You don’t need to write the essay again.
Nie musisz pisać tej pracy jeszcze raz.
You needn’t come to the office. You can work from home.
Nie musisz przychodzić do biura. Możesz pracować w domu.
4
Mówiąc o tym, co jest dozwolone, używamy czasownika can:
Journalists can work flexible hours. Dziennikarze mogą pracować w elastycznych godzinach.
Mówiąc o tym, co jest niedozwolone, używamy:
czasownika can’t, zwłaszcza kiedy opisujemy przymus zewnętrzny:
I can’t leave the office during office hours.
Nie mogę wyjść z biura w godzinach urzędowania.
czasownika mustn’t, jeśli chcemy wyrazić bardzo silny zakaz:
You mustn’t check your private email at work.
Nie wolno sprawdzać prywatnej poczty e-mail w pracy.
5
6
Multiple Choice
You --- be physically fit to be a fire-fighter.
can
have to
must
7
Multiple Choice
A doctor --- often work long hours and night shifts.
must
can
can't
8
Multiple Choice
A teacher --- look smart or wear a suit to work.
mustn't
doesn't need to
can't
9
Multiple Choice
Self-employed people --- take a holiday any time they choose.
need to
have to
can
10
Multiple Choice
A journalist --- write things which are not true.
needn't
doesn't have to
mustn't
11
Multiple Choice
Office workers usually --- take many breaks during the day.
can't
don't have to
needn't
MODAL VERBS for
obligation, permission
Focus 2, Pearson, praca zbiorowa, s. 132
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