Nitrogen and Oxygen Cycles

Nitrogen Cycle

Four Processes:

1. Nitrogen Fixation

2. Ammonification

3. Nitrification

4. Denitrification

Nitrogen Fixation

Atmospheric Nitrogen is not useable by plants or animals
Must be converted (changed) into a compound that is useable.
This conversion is known as nitrogen fixation and occurs in 3 ways:
1. Lightening (incredible energy separates nitrogen bonds)
2. Special Bacteria
3. Commercial Manipulation (factories)

Poll

Which is not a part of the nitrogen fixation process?

• plants

• lightening

• commercial manipulation

• bacteria

​Special bacteria will convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia.

Most plants and animals cannot use this form of nitrogen, however.

Some plants like bean plants and peas can.

​Ammonification

Multiple Choice

The changing of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia is known as:

• nitrogen fixation

• bacteria fixation

• ammonification

• precipitation

The process of changing ammonia or atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates or nitrites. Bacteria in the soil will do this.

These (nitrates/nitrites) can be used by most plants and animals.

Nitrates/Nitrites converted to proteins inside the plant/animal.

Proteins are used by organisms to stay healthy, strengthen muscle tissue, and the skeletal system.

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​Nitrification

Multiple Choice

What is produced during nitrification?

• oxygen and carbon dioxide

• bacteria and decomposers

• ammonia and carbon

• nitrates and nitrites

Poll

The process of bacteria changing ammonia into usable nitrogen.

• ammonification

• nitrification

• precipitation

• condensation

Multiple Choice

Nitrogen in its usable form is known as:

• nitrates and nitrites

• proteins and carbohydrates

• ammonia and bacteria

• ammonia and magnesium

Poll

Nitrates and nitrites are turned into ________ in plants and animals.

• water

• carbohydrates

• proteins

• iron

​Nitrogen enters the soil when plants/animals decay or from animal waste breaking down.

This is known as organic nitrogen-pure nitrogen.

​​Nitrogen in the Soil

​Bacteria will change nitrogen in the soil back to atmospheric nitrogen which is released to the atmosphere.

Nitrogen is also added to the atmosphere through combustion and volcanic eruptions.

Denitrification

Multiple Choice

Nitrogen that is said to be pure nitrogen comes from:

• organisms decomposing and animal waste

• atmosphere and erosion

• weathering and photosynthesis

• precipitation and runoff

Poll

Pure nitrogen is also known as:

• ammonia

• nitrogen gas

• liquid nitrogen

• organic nitrogen

Multiple Choice

Denitrification occurs when:

• nitrates and nitrites are changed to liquid nitrogen

• nitrates and nitrites are changed to atmospheric nitrogen

• nitrates and nitrites are changed to ammonia

• nitrates and nitrites are changed to proteins

Oxygen Cycle

1. Photosynthesis

2. Respiration

Two Processes are part of the Oxygen Cycle

This is how producers (plants, algae, some microscopic organisms) make their food.


Occurs in the chloroplast in the cells of leaves.

​Photosynthesis

Multiple Choice

Photosynthesis occurs in this organelle of leaf cells.

• nucleus

• chloroplast

• ribosome

• lysosome

Stage 1: Water from roots, light energy captured by chlorophyll, and CO2 from the atmosphere through the stomata enter the cell.

Stage 2: Water, CO2, and light energy go through a chemical reaction where glucose and oxygen is made.

Oxygen is given off to the atmosphere, glucose used to make energy for the plant.

​

​2 Stages of Photosynthesis:

Multiple Choice

Which is not needed for photosynthesis to occur?

• light energy

• nitrogen

• carbon dioxide

• water

Poll

What is made after photosynthesis occurs?

• glucose and oxygen

• carbon dioxide and water

• glucose and water

• oxygen and nitrogen

Energy making process.

Occurs in ALL living organisms.

Takes place in the mitochondria of the cell

​

​Respiration:

Poll

True or false: Respiration is the breathing process for animals.

• true

• false

Multiple Choice

Respiration occurs in:

• consumers

• all living organisms

• scavengers

• decomposers

Stage 1: Glucose and oxygen enter the cytoplasm of the cell where glucose molecules are broken down into smaller bits.

Stage 2: The glucose and oxygen enter the mitochondria where a chemical reaction occurs and energy (used for survival), CO2 (given off to the atmosphere), and water (some used/some given off) is made.

Oxygen cycle starts over with photosynthesis taking CO2 out of the atmosphere.

​

Two Stages of Respiration:

Multiple Choice

What happens to the carbon dioxide made during respiration?

• its given to the nucleus to strengthen it.

• its used to develop chemicals for protection

• its given off to the atmosphere

• its used to make food in consumers

Multiple Choice

Where does the first stage of respiration occur?

• lysosome

• mitochondria

• nucleus

• cytoplasm

Poll

In the first stage of respiration,

• oxygen molecules enter the mitochondria

• glucose molecules are broken into smaller pieces

• glucose is made in the cytoplasm

• oxygen is released from the cell

Multiple Choice

Which is not produced during respiration?

• glucose

• water

• carbon dioxide

• energy

Word Cloud

What one or two words come to mind when thinking about the nitrogen and oxygen cycles?