VNSA7 Whole Unit Recap Lesson - Christmas Edition

Draw

Do Now Activity:

Decorate the Christmas Tree

VNSA7 Pharmacology Recap
Winter Edition

The Boring but Important Stuff

Legislation and Guidance

The main ones you need to know are:

Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD)
Veterinary Medicines Regulations (VMR) 2013
National Office of Animal Health (NOAH) compendium
Animal Medicines Training and Regulatory Authority (AMTRA)

Match

Match the following

• Sets out the controls on the marketing, manufacture, distribution, possession and administration of veterinary medicines in Great Britain

• An executive agency of DEFRA that regulates veterinary medicines in the UK

• Compiles data sheets of all licensed veterinary medicines

• A non-profit organization that supports training and registration of SQPs (or RAMAs)

VMR

VMD

NOAH Compendium

AMTRA

• VMR

• VMD

• NOAH Compendium

• AMTRA

Multiple Select

Types of Registered Qualified Persons: [Multiple right answers]

• Veterinary Surgeons registered with RCVS

• Pharmacists registered with The General Pharmaceutical Council (GPhC)

• Suitably Qualified Persons registered with AMTRA or other suitable bodies (Vetpol, Vetskill)

• Veterinary Nurses registered with RCVS

Match

Match the legal categories of drugs

• Veterinary Medicine any RQP can prescribe for animals not intended for consumption

• Veterinary Medicine anyone can dispense without prescription

• Veterinary Medicine any RQP can prescribe

• Veterinary Medicine only RVS can prescribe

• Human prescription on Medicine

NFA-VPS

AVM-GSL

POM-VPS

POM-V

POM

• NFA-VPS

• AVM-GSL

• POM-VPS

• POM-V

• POM

Multiple Choice

Mariah Carey's iconic Christmas hit All I Want for Christmas officially signals the start of the festive period - but what year was it released?

• 2004

• 1994

• 2010

• 1984

The Prescribing Cascade

Allows the use of medicines not authorised for animals, or not authorised in the UK to be prescribed and administered. Only a MRCVS can use this to prescribe veterinary medicines. An SQP CANNOT use this.

Multiple Choice

The prescribing cascade enables:

• The use of drugs, which are un-licensed for animal use or a veterinary medicine product not licensed in this country

• The use of drugs, which are licensed for animal use or a veterinary medicine product licensed in this country

• The disposal of drugs, which are un-licensed for animal use or a veterinary medicine product not licensed in this country

• The research of drugs, which are un-licensed for animal use or a veterinary medicine product not licensed in this country

Reorder

Reorder the following from first step to last step. If there is no veterinary medicine valid in GB for the same species and condition... What is next? [From 1 to 5.]

• Valid in Northern Ireland (NI) for indicated species and condition with special import certificate. (NI)

• For VM valid in GB, NI or UK for a different species or condition. A SIC is required for NI

• Human Medicine valid GB, NI or UK Wide. OR an authorised VM from outside of the UK.

• Extemporaneous preparation prepared by a vet, pharmacist or person holding appropriate Manufacturer's Authorisation in UK

• In exceptional circumstances - a human medicine may be imported from outside of the UK.

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Multiple Choice

Christmas was once banned by the UK parliament. When did this happen?

• 1930s

• 1870s

• 1640s

• 1590s

You must also know Controlled Drugs

Misuse of Drugs Act 1971

Schedule 1 drugs cannot be held by a veterinary practice!

Categorize

Options (9)

Methadone

Fentanyl

Ketamine

Buprenorphine

Diazepam

Codeine

Gabapentin

Tramadol

Pentobarbitol

Organise the drugs into the right schedule

Schedule 2

Schedule 3

Schedule 4

Schedule 5

Categorize

Options (11)

Destroyed in presence of an authorised witness

Kept on a recorded register

MUST be kept in stored approved locked receptacle

Should be kept in locked receptacle

Do NOT need to be kept on a register - despite higher abuse potential than schedule 4

Requisition form supplied in writing by supplier. Signed by vet.

Prescriptions valid for 28 days with no repeats

Same prescription and requisition requirements as schedule 2

Excempt from most restrictions

Prescriptions valid for 28 days but can have repeats

Some can be prescribed for more than 28 days at a time if for long term use

Organize these restrictions into right category of controlled drug

Schedule 2

Schedule 3

Schedule 4 and 5

Multiple Choice

In the movie Home Alone, where does the family go for Christmas when they leave Kevin at home?

• New York City

• Florida

• Venice

• Paris

SQPs

​SQP Numbers

SQPs who have completed courses with AMTRA will be given SQP numbers based on the types of animals they can prescribe for. Many of which are easy to remember such as QA-(number) for Avian, QC-(number) for Companion. Any time there are two letters, they are the same as individual letters E.G.: QCA for Companion and Avian.
QR is someone who can supply ALL VPS medicines

SQPs Prescribing Process

​SQP Prescribing

SQPs can prescribe POM-VPS, NFA-VPS and AVM-GSL drugs to anyone, not just clients of a practice but must ask a
series of questions including:

• Previous treatments - What it was and what it was for

• The animals environment - e.g. does it live outside, inside, the routine and other animals it lives with

• Questions to check that the administrator of the drug is competent and using it for authorised use.

  They must also know the disease/condition of animal and the warnings and contra-indications of the medicaiton
  

Match

Match the others single letters

• Equine and Companion

• Farm and Equine

• Equine

• Farm and Companion

• Farm

QE

QG

QJ

QK

QL

• QE

• QG

• QJ

• QK

• QL

Multiple Choice

True or False:
SQPs require to be kept on a register such as AMTRA, and complete CPD

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or False:
SQPs can prescribe for undiagnosed conditions

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or False:
SQPs can use the prescribing cascade to prescribe medicines not authorised for the same species and condition or from outside of the UK

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or False:
SQPs can supply veterinary medicines (POM-VPS, NFA-VPS or AVM-GSL) from premises outside of an RCVS approved practice. Such as in a store or by post.

• True

• False

Multiple Choice

True or False:
In Japan, the typical meal for Christians on Christmas is KFC?

• True

• False

Supply and Storage of Veterinary Medicines

Drag and Drop

 RVSs can only supply veterinary medicines from registered veterinary practice premises (VPP)

 They must be registered with the ​

Placeholder

as ‘veterinary practice premises’, in accordance with the ​

Placeholder

 Practices that are accredited members of the RCVS’s Practice Standards Scheme (PSS) ​

Placeholder

to register separately, as the RCVS already holds sufficient information on them to fulfil the registration requirements



A check is required every ​

Placeholder

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Veterinary Medicines Regulations

RCVS

do not have

have

four years

year

five years

AMTRA

three years

Fill in the Blank

A medicine kept in a fridge must be stored at what temperature range? (degrees Celsius)

Fill in the Blank

Registers for Controlled Drugs must be kept for how long (after last entry)?

Multiple Select

Disposal of controlled drugs should include rendering them unusable (absorbed by litter or denatured). For Schedule 2 drugs this must be WITNESSED by... [multiple right answers]

• A VMD inspector

• A RVS unaffiliated with the practice

• A Police CD liaison officer

• The Clinical Director of the Practice

Multiple Choice

What is a baby reindeer called?

• Cub

• Kitten

• Puppy

• Calf

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics relates to the process of the movement of the drug into, through and out of the body. It is the way the BODY acts on the DRUG.

Match

Match the following pharmacokinetic term

• The way the drug gets into the blood stream

• The movement of the drug through body tissues

• The process of changing or breaking down the drug - Usually by the liver

• The process of removing the drug from the body

• The amount of drug that reaches the blood stream unaltered

Absorption

Distribution

Metabolism

Excretion

Bioavailability

• Absorption

• Distribution

• Metabolism

• Excretion

• Bioavailability

Fill in the Blank

The route of administration in which will mean bioavailability is 100% is

Multiple Choice

What effect would dehydration have on a drug administered subcutaneously?

• Reduce effect

• Increase effect

• delay onset of action

• extend duration of action

Fill in the Blank

The first pass effect is the name of the process where the bioavailability of the drug administered via enteral means is reduced by metabolism by the

Multiple Choice

What colour are the berries of the mistletoe plant?

• White
• Blue
• Pink
• Green

​Reporting Adverse reactions

An adverse reaction is an unwanted effect on a drug. We have a responsibility to report an adverse reaction. You must report to the VMD or the marketing company for the drug.

On the VMD website you complete as suspected adverse reaction surveillance scheme (SARSS) reporting form
This is why we keep data on batches of drugs.

Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics means the action the DRUG has on the BODY - in other words, what happens to the patient because of the drug. The main thing to know is the actions and contraindications - If you finish this slide early - start working on remembering GENERIC names of drugs, categories of drugs and the actions and contraindications.

Match

Match the following Pharmacodynamic terms to their meaning

• Binds to a receptor and produces the typical effect of said receptor

• Inhibits a receptor preventing the typical effect of said receptor

• The strength of effect of the drug

• The attraction to a receptor

• The effect a drug has on the body

Agonist

Antagonist

Efficacy

Affinity

Action

• Agonist

• Antagonist

• Efficacy

• Affinity

• Action

Fill in the Blank

Name the specific place that diuretic drugs act: On the ______

Categorize

Options (5)

Butorphanol

Buprenorphine

Methadone

Fentanyl

Tramadol

Organise opioid drugs into the correct category

Pure Mu Agonists

Partial Mu Agonists

Mixed (Kappa)Agonist-(Mu)Antagonist

Multiple Choice

Which contraindication of Meloxicam is due to the inhibitory effect of the COX-1 enzyme specifically?

• Do not use in pregnant or lactating animals

• Do not use in dogs less than 6 weeks of age.

• Do not use in dogs suffering from gastrointestinal disorders such as irritation and haemorrhage

• Do not use in animals suffering from impaired hepatic, cardiac or renal function

Multiple Choice

What does the term 'Bioavailability' refer to in pharmacology?

• The process by which a drug is eliminated from the body

• The amount of drug administered that reaches the bloodstream

• The time it takes for a drug to reach its maximum effect in the body

• The study of how drug concentrations change over time

Drag and Drop

In ​

Placeholder

Santa Claus arrives by boat on the last Saturday of November and children get presents on 5th December



In ​

Placeholder

, children tidy their rooms, clean toys and boots/shoes are polished and left by the door - they are then filled with nuts and sweets.



In ​

Placeholder

, they eat a 12 course meal after the see the first night star on Christmas Eve



In ​

Placeholder

, they 'feed' a happy log every day in December until the 24th with dried fruit and nuts, then beat it and eat the contents.



​

Placeholder

gifts the UK a Christmas tree each year, which stands in Trafalgar Square

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

the Netherlands

Germany

Poland

Catalonia

Norway

France

Finland

Sweden

Denmark

Iceland

Multiple Choice

Acepromazine can cause syncope in which breed?

• Chihuahua

• Boxer

• American Bully

• Dalmation

Drag and Drop

Anti-epileptics such as Diazepam, Phenobarbital and ​

Placeholder

work by reducing central nervous system activity. They are contraindicated to patients with ​

Placeholder

and also any patients with serious cardiovascular, respiratory or renal diseases.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

Potassium Bromide

impaired liver function

impaired renal function

Acepromazine

Multiple Choice

A drug which increases contractility of the heart is known as a:

• Positive Inotrope

• Negative Inotrope

• Mydriatic drug

• Beta Blocker

Multiple Choice

What is a consequence of dehydration on the duration of action of a drug given subcutaneously (s/c)?

• It has no effect on the duration of action.

• It decreases the duration of action.

• It increases the duration of action due to reduced perfusion.

• It changes the route of administration.

Multiple Choice

Which animal should not be treated with Ivermectin?

• Cats

• Collie breeds

• Rabbits

• Sick or debilitated animals

Match

Match the festive item with its country of origin

• Eggnog

• Baubles

• St. Nicholas

• Rudolph

• Pigs in Blankets

UK

Germany

Roman Empire

United States

Czechoslovakia

• UK

• Germany

• Roman Empire

• United States

• Czechoslovakia

Multiple Choice

Which of the following is an example of a Fluoroquinolone?

• Erythromycin

• Clindamycin

• Enrofloxacin

• Gentamicin

Drag and Drop

The ​

Placeholder

action of metoclopramide is mainly due to its antagonist activity at D2 receptors in the central nervous system, preventing ​

Placeholder

triggered by most stimuli. The contra-indication is cases of ​

Placeholder

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

anti-emetic

gastric perforation and obstruction

Liver disease

Anti-epileptic

nausea and vomiting

cardiac arythmias

seizures

Drag and Drop

The action of​

Placeholder

drug methadone is to agonise mu receptors throughout the nervous system which produces ​

Placeholder

and slows GI motility.

Contraindications include:

Do not use in animals with ​

Placeholder

Do not use in animals with ​

Placeholder

.

Drag these tiles and drop them in the correct blank above

opioid analgesic

analgesia, respiratory depression

advanced respiratory failure.

severe liver and renal dysfunction

heart congestion

algesia and cardiac depression

NSAID

heart murmurs

vomiting

Multiple Choice

Fenbendazole is a wormer which has no known contraindications and can be given to puppies and nursing mums, its trade name is:

• Panacur

• Milbeworm

• Quantex

• Droncit

Multiple Choice

The 'ABCD' Cardiovascular drug categories being ACE Inhibitors, Beta Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers and Diuretics have one common purpose:

• Increase heart rate

• Decrease blood pressure

• Increase blood pressure

• Decrease heart rate

Multiple Select

Diuretics act on different sections of the nephron to stop reabsorption of water and some electrolytes and produce more urine. Because of this, their two main contraindications are: [select multiple]:

• Anuria

• Electrolyte disfunction

• Polyuria

• Polydipsia

Reorder

Order the top 5 most streamed Christmas songs on Spotify from least played to most played
(Left to Right)

• It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas - Michael Bublé

• Rockin' Around the Christmas Tree - Brenda Lee

• Santa Tell Me -

  Ariane Grande

• Last Christmas - Wham!

• All I want for Christmas - Mariah Carey

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Match

Terminology to match

• Anti-neoplastic

• Bacteriostatic

• Anticholinergic

• Antitussive

• Anti-emetic

Prevents growth of cancerous tissue

Prevents growth of bacteria

Inhibit parasympathetic nervous system

Suppress coughing

Prevent vomiting

• Prevents growth of cancerous tissue

• Prevents growth of bacteria

• Inhibit parasympathetic nervous system

• Suppress coughing

• Prevent vomiting

Reorder

On the twelfth day of Christmas - what did my true love give most of? From the fewest amount to the greatest?

• Turtledoves

• Golden Rings

• Swans-a-swimming

• Lords-a-leaping

• Drummers Drumming

1

2

3

4

5

• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5

Word Cloud

What is the best thing about Christmas in 1-2 words?