5th Grade SOL Math Vocabulary

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 1

Decimal

Place Value

Position

decimal point

Ones

Tenths

Hundredths

Thousandths

3 . 7 2 1

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 2

Round

Round 1.24 to the

nearest tenth.

1.2
1.3
1.24

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 3

Mixed Number

16
10 = 1 6

10 = 1.6

whole

fraction

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 4

Equivalent

75
100

3
4

0.75

3
4

=

=

=

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 5

Prime Number

has exactly two different

factors, 1 and itself

Prime numbers to 100

2

3

5

7

11

13

17

19

23

29

31

37

41

43

47

53

59

61

67

71

73

79

83

89

97

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 6

Composite

Number

has factors other than one

and itself

factors of 6: 1, 2, 3, 6

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 7

Even and Odd

Numbers

4 – even

3 - odd

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 8

Fraction:
Addition

1
2

+ 3

8

7
8

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 9

Fraction:
Subtraction

5
8

1
4

3
8

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 10

Least Common

Multiple

Multiples of 12 Multiples of 18

1 x 12 = 12

1 x 18 = 18

2 x 12 = 24

2 x 18 = 36

3 x 12 = 36

3 x 18 = 54

4 x 12 = 48

LCM is 36.

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 11

Greatest

Common Factor

Factors of 12

Factors of 18

1 x 12 = 12

1 x 18 = 18

2 x 6 = 12

2 x 9 = 18

3 x 4 = 12

3 x 6 = 18

1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18

GCF is 6.

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 12

Unit Fraction
Multiplication

How much is

1

2 x 6?

1
2 × 6 = 3

How much is 6 x

1

2?

6 ×

1

2 =

6

2= 3

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 13

Addition

4.65 + 1.24 = 5.89

sum
+

plus

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 14

Subtraction

4.65 – 1.24 = 3.41

difference

minus

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 15

Multiply:

Product

32 × 48 = 1,536

product
×

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 16

Divide:

Quotient

14

20
280

280
14= 20

280 ÷ 14 = 20

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 17

Area:

Square Units

the number of square units needed to cover

a surface or plane figure

l x w

4 x 3 = 12

Area = 12 square units

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 18

Perimeter:

Units

the measure of the path or distance around

any plane figure in units

3 + 4 + 3 + 4

Perimeter = 14 units

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 19

Volume:

Height, Width, Length

the measure of capacity of a 3-D figure,

measured in cubic units

l x w x h
5 x 3 x 2

Volume = 30 cubic units

length

height

width

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 20

Equivalent

Measurements:

Kilometer, Meter, and

Centimeter

1 kilometer (km) = 1,000 meters (m)

1 meter (m) = 100 centimeters (cm)

1 centimeter (cm) = 10 millimeters (mm)

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 21

Equivalent

Measurements:

Kilogram and Grams

1 kilogram (kg) = 1,000 grams (g)

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 22

Equivalent

Measurements:

Liter and Milliliters

1 liter (l) = 1,000 milliliters (ml)

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 23

Millimeters:

Centimeters

10 millimeters (mm) = 1 centimeter (cm)

millimeter (mm)

centimeter (cm)

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 24

Chord

a line segment connecting any

two points on a circle

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 25

Diameter

a chord that passes through the

center of a circle

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 26

Radius

a line segment joining the center

of a circle to any point on the

circle

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 27

Circumference

the distance around or
“perimeter” of a circle

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 28

Acute Angle

less than 90º

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 29

Obtuse
Angle

greater than 90º, but less

than 180º

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 30

Right Angle

exactly 90º

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 31

Straight
Angle

.

exactly 180º

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 32

Acute
Triangle

all angles less than 90º

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 33

Right

Triangle

one 90º angle

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 34

Obtuse
Triangle

one angle greater than

90º

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 35

Equilateral
Triangle

3

3

3

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 36

Scalene
Triangle

6

5

2

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 37

Isosceles
Triangle

5

5

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 38

Rectangle:

Right Angle

4 right angles
opposite sides are parallel

and congruent

3

7

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 39

Square:
Right Angle

4 right angles
4 congruent sides
2 pairs of parallel sides

3

3

3

3

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 40

Parallelogram

opposite sides are parallel and

congruent

7

7

4

4

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 41

Rhombus

4 congruent sides
2 pairs of parallel sides
opposite angles are

congruent

3

3

3

3

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 42

Trapezoid

exactly one pair of parallel

sides

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 43

Translation

an image formed by moving

every point on the preimage the

same distance in the same

direction

pre-image

image

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 44

Reflection

an image formed by reflecting the

preimage over a line called the

line of reflection

pre-image

image

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 45

Rotation

an image formed by rotating the
preimage about a point called the

center of rotation

pre-image

image

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 46

Subdivide

trapezoid

parallelogram

triangle

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 47

Combine

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 48

Sample Space

Tree Diagram

thin crust

pepperoni

cheese

mushrooms

thick crust

pepperoni

cheese

mushrooms

Pizza Choices

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 49

Line Graph

Temperature (F)

Temperature Over Time

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 50

Fundamental

Counting
Principle

If Joe has 4 different color shirts
(green, blue, white, and yellow)
and 2 different color shorts (tan
and black), then he has 4 x 2 or 8

different outfits to wear.

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 51

Line Plot

Number of Pets

x x
x x x

1 2 3 4 5

x represents 1 student

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 52

Stem-and-Leaf

Plot

Key: 1| 8 means 18

Stem

Leaf

1

7, 8

2

2, 4, 5, 6, 9

3

3, 7, 9, 9

4

5

0

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 53

Mean

fair share or

average

6, 9, 8, 8, 9

6 + 9 + 8 + 8 + 9 = 40

40 ÷ 5 = 8

mean = 8

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 54

Mean:
Fair Share

4, 7, 6, 6, 7

The mean is 6.

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 55

Median

the middle value of a data

set in ranked order

6, 7, 8, 9, 9

8 = median

5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12

8.5 = median

8

9

7

10

11

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 56

Mode

data that occurs most

frequently

6, 7, 8, 9, 9
9 = mode

6, 8, 10, 11, 15, 20

no mode

2, 2, 2, 3, 7, 9, 9, 9

2 and 9 = mode

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 57

Range

the spread of a set of data

6, 7, 8, 9, 9

6 least value in the data set
9 greatest value in the data set

range = 9 – 6 = 3

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 58

Patterns

8, 10, 13, 17, __

Rule: ______

Rule: ______
Rule: ______

Input Output Input Output Input Output

4

11

145

130

2

8

5

12

100

85

4

16

6

13

75

60

?

20

10

17

50

?

8

32

Virginia Department of Education 2018

Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 59

Expression
a representation of a

quantity

12.8

14 × 351

45 ÷ 8

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 60

Variable

Expression
an expression that contains
numbers, operations, and

variables

4 + s

variable

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 61

Equation

3 + 5 = 10 – 2

6 – x = 4

12 ÷ 4 = y

8n = 56

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 62

Equality

=

400 – 177 = 399 – 176

25 x 5 = 250 ÷ 2
1.8 x 5 = 18 ÷ 2

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Grade 5

Mathematics Vocabulary – Card 63

Inequality

≠

5 + 6 ≠ 11 – 5

9 –

8
9≠ 2

2
3 × 3

0.5 x 7 ≠ 3.5 + 5